Interactive Effect of Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus on Vigna unguiculata
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摘要
This research tries to demonstrate physiological effect of combined infection of two viruses on growth parameter of cowpea plant as demonstrated through symptom expression. Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus(BlCMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) were transmitted to cowpea plants by mechanical rub inoculation. This study showed that the differences in stem height and final aboveground fresh weight of cowpea plants inoculated with mixed infection with CMV and BlCMV were significantly less than those of plants inoculated with a single virus. Likewise cowpea plants inoculated with either virus alone or with CMV and BlCMV mixed infection had less stem height and aboveground fresh weight than the control. The mixed infection of BlCMV and CMV caused significant increase in the severity of symptoms in cowpea and also in the height using factors analysis and Abbott's equation. Symptom severity rating scale used, demonstrated statistical proof for physiological effect based on symptom severity for co-infection. A three phase disease symptom severity expression revealed disease severity for each viral treatment associated with host plant.
This research tries to demonstrate physiological effect of combined infection of two viruses on growth parameter of cowpea plant as demonstrated through symptom expression. Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus(BlCMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) were transmitted to cowpea plants by mechanical rub inoculation. This study showed that the differences in stem height and final aboveground fresh weight of cowpea plants inoculated with mixed infection with CMV and BlCMV were significantly less than those of plants inoculated with a single virus. Likewise cowpea plants inoculated with either virus alone or with CMV and BlCMV mixed infection had less stem height and aboveground fresh weight than the control. The mixed infection of BlCMV and CMV caused significant increase in the severity of symptoms in cowpea and also in the height using factors analysis and Abbott's equation. Symptom severity rating scale used, demonstrated statistical proof for physiological effect based on symptom severity for co-infection. A three phase disease symptom severity expression revealed disease severity for each viral treatment associated with host plant.
This research tries to demonstrate physiological effect of combined infection of two viruses on growth parameter of cowpea plant as demonstrated through symptom expression. Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus(BlCMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) were transmitted to cowpea plants by mechanical rub inoculation. This study showed that the differences in stem height and final aboveground fresh weight of cowpea plants inoculated with mixed infection with CMV and BlCMV were significantly less than those of plants inoculated with a single virus. Likewise cowpea plants inoculated with either virus alone or with CMV and BlCMV mixed infection had less stem height and aboveground fresh weight than the control. The mixed infection of BlCMV and CMV caused significant increase in the severity of symptoms in cowpea and also in the height using factors analysis and Abbott's equation. Symptom severity rating scale used, demonstrated statistical proof for physiological effect based on symptom severity for co-infection. A three phase disease symptom severity expression revealed disease severity for each viral treatment associated with host plant.
引文
Fajinmi,A.A.,1995.Studies on pepper venial mottle virus Potyvirus disease of pepper(Capsicum species)in Ibadan and Environ,M.S.Cthesis.Faculty of Science,Department of Botany and Microbiology.University of Ibadan,Oyo state,Nigeria,p.65.
Gisi,U.,1996.Synergistic interaction of fungicides in mixtures.Phytopathology,86:1273-1279.
Hughes,Jd’A,Naidu,R.A.,Shoyinka,S.A.,2003.Future of plant virus disease research in sub-sahara African agriculture,in:Hughes,J.d’A,Du,B.O.O(Eds.),Proceeding of a Conference Plant virology in Sub-Sahara Africa.Nigeria.IITA,p.589.
Matthews,R.E.F.,1991.Matthew’s Plant Virology,third ed Academic Press,San Diego,Califonia.
Mukasa,S.B.,Rubaihayo,P.R.,Valkonen,J.P.T.,2006.Interactions between Acrinivirus,an Ipomovirus and a Potyvirus inco-infected sweet potato plants.Plant Pathol,55:458-467.
Murphy,F.J.,Bowen,L.K.,2006.Synergistic disease in pepper caused by the mixed infection of Cucumber mosaic virus and Pepper mottle virus.The American Phytopathological Society.Phytopathology,96:240-247.
Quinn,J.,Myers,R.,2002.Cowpea:a versatile legume for hot,dry conditions.http://www.jeffersoninstitute.org/pubs/cowpea_guide.
Steel,R.G.D.,Torrie,J.H.,1980.Principles and Proceduresof Statistics:ABiometrical Approach,second ed McGraw-Hill Book Co.,New York.
Thottappily,G.,Rossel,H.W.,1992.Viruses of Cowpea Tropical Africa.Tropical Pest Manag,384:337-348.
Wang,Y.,Gaba,V.,Yang,J.,Palukaitis,P.,Gal-On,A.,2002.Characterization of synergy between Cucumber mosaic virus and Potyviruses in cucurbit hosts.Phytopathology,92:51-58.
Wintermantel,W.M.,2005.Co-infection of Beet mosaic virus with beet yellowing viruses leads to increased symptom expression on sugar beet.Plant Dis,89:325-331.
Gisi,U.,1996.Synergistic interaction of fungicides in mixtures.Phytopathology,86:1273-1279.
Hughes,Jd’A,Naidu,R.A.,Shoyinka,S.A.,2003.Future of plant virus disease research in sub-sahara African agriculture,in:Hughes,J.d’A,Du,B.O.O(Eds.),Proceeding of a Conference Plant virology in Sub-Sahara Africa.Nigeria.IITA,p.589.
Matthews,R.E.F.,1991.Matthew’s Plant Virology,third ed Academic Press,San Diego,Califonia.
Mukasa,S.B.,Rubaihayo,P.R.,Valkonen,J.P.T.,2006.Interactions between Acrinivirus,an Ipomovirus and a Potyvirus inco-infected sweet potato plants.Plant Pathol,55:458-467.
Murphy,F.J.,Bowen,L.K.,2006.Synergistic disease in pepper caused by the mixed infection of Cucumber mosaic virus and Pepper mottle virus.The American Phytopathological Society.Phytopathology,96:240-247.
Quinn,J.,Myers,R.,2002.Cowpea:a versatile legume for hot,dry conditions.http://www.jeffersoninstitute.org/pubs/cowpea_guide.
Steel,R.G.D.,Torrie,J.H.,1980.Principles and Proceduresof Statistics:ABiometrical Approach,second ed McGraw-Hill Book Co.,New York.
Thottappily,G.,Rossel,H.W.,1992.Viruses of Cowpea Tropical Africa.Tropical Pest Manag,384:337-348.
Wang,Y.,Gaba,V.,Yang,J.,Palukaitis,P.,Gal-On,A.,2002.Characterization of synergy between Cucumber mosaic virus and Potyviruses in cucurbit hosts.Phytopathology,92:51-58.
Wintermantel,W.M.,2005.Co-infection of Beet mosaic virus with beet yellowing viruses leads to increased symptom expression on sugar beet.Plant Dis,89:325-331.