平面多径向井水射流辅助压裂构造多缝机理
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摘要
常规压裂对天然裂缝不发育或水平地应力差较大的低渗及非常规油气储层难以实现多缝改造,为此创新性地提出了平面多径向井辅助压裂构造复杂多缝的方法。为验证该设想,基于ABAQUS平台建立了平面多径向井辅助压裂的三维数值模型,全面考察了多因素对径向井引导效果的影响,并通过大尺寸真三维水力压裂模拟实验验证了数模结果的正确性。结果表明,较小的径向井方位角、地应力差、弹性模量及较大的孔径、孔长、纵向孔密、泊松比、渗透率、压裂液黏度及排量都会增强孔眼对裂缝的引导。研究成果为平面多径向井引导裂缝定向扩展、构造复杂多缝工艺提供了理论支撑。
In the development of low-permeability and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs with less natural fractures or large horizontal ground stress, it is difficult to realize multi-fracture reformation by conventional fracturing. Therefore, an innovative technique of horizontal multi-radial wells fracturing was proposed to produce complicated multi-cracks. In order to verify this idea, based on Abaqus, a 3 D numerical simulation was built to investigate the effects of multiple factors on the crack extension comprehensively. The accuracy of simulation results was verified by big size 3 D hydraulic fracturing experiment in the laboratory.The results indicate that: smaller azimuth angle, horizontal ground stress, Young′s modulus and larger hole diameter, well length,vertical perforation density, Poisson′ s ratio, permeability, fracturing fluid viscosity and displacement will enhance the guiding effect of the radial well on cracks. This research provides a theory support for water jet assisted fracturing for planar multi-radial wells.
In the development of low-permeability and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs with less natural fractures or large horizontal ground stress, it is difficult to realize multi-fracture reformation by conventional fracturing. Therefore, an innovative technique of horizontal multi-radial wells fracturing was proposed to produce complicated multi-cracks. In order to verify this idea, based on Abaqus, a 3 D numerical simulation was built to investigate the effects of multiple factors on the crack extension comprehensively. The accuracy of simulation results was verified by big size 3 D hydraulic fracturing experiment in the laboratory.The results indicate that: smaller azimuth angle, horizontal ground stress, Young′s modulus and larger hole diameter, well length,vertical perforation density, Poisson′ s ratio, permeability, fracturing fluid viscosity and displacement will enhance the guiding effect of the radial well on cracks. This research provides a theory support for water jet assisted fracturing for planar multi-radial wells.
引文
[1]李理,桑晓彤,陈霞飞.低渗透储层裂缝研究现状及进展[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(6):2472-2484.
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[17]杨阳,曲占庆,曹砚锋,等.径向井远端压裂电模拟实验研究[J].断块油气田,2014,21(3):386-389.
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[19]李小龙,王冰,郭天魁,等.基于灰色关联的径向井摩阻实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(6):77-82.
[20]曲占庆,李小龙,李建雄,等.基于扩展有限元法的多径向井压裂裂缝形态[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(1):3-81.
[2]王志战.国内非常规油气录井技术进展及发展趋势[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(6):1-7.
[3]王贤君,王维,张玉广,等.低渗透储层缝内暂堵多分支缝压裂技术研究[J].石油地质与工程,2018,32(3):111-113,126.
[4]吴国强,张丽娟,杨振周,等.塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系储层古岩溶作用及其与裂缝的关系[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(6):790-796.
[5]冯国强,赵立强,卞晓冰,等.深层页岩气水平井多尺度裂缝压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(6):77-82.
[6]焦红岩.低渗透油藏径向钻孔参数优化及应用[J].断块油气田,2017,24(6):855-858.
[7]陈军斌,魏波,王汉青.定向射孔参数对压裂裂缝扩展规律的影响[J].断块油气田,2017,24(3):391-395.
[8] FAN T G,ZHANG G Q. Laboratory investigation of hydraulic fracture networks in formations with continuous orthogonal fractures[J].Energy,2014,74:164-173.
[9]刘晓强,曲占庆,郭天魁,等.径向井辅助水力压裂引导裂缝扩展数值模拟[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(5):1-7.
[10]褚春波,郭权,黄小云,等.有限元分析径向水力压裂裂缝扩展影响因素[J].油气井测试,2018,27(2):59-66.
[11]李小龙,李建雄,王涛,等.基于数值模拟的径向井压裂裂缝形态[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(3):90-95.
[12] XIA B W,HU K,LU Y Y,et al. Mechanism of crack-oriented of hydraulic fracture and its technique in mine[J]. Journal of Chongqing University,2013,36(9):8-13.
[13]李小龙,许华儒,刘晓强,等.径向井压裂裂缝形态及热采产能研究[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):154-160.
[14]刘晓强,张习斌,许鹏,等.基于ABAQUS的径向井井壁稳定性分析[J].断块油气田,2016,23(4):523-527.
[15] HAO C S,JI C J. Research on high-performance enhancement technology of coal reservoir based on radial well technology[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(5):39-42,171.
[16]龚迪光,曲占庆,郭天魁,等.径向井水力压裂摩阻影响因素与计算公式[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(3):102-106.
[17]杨阳,曲占庆,曹砚锋,等.径向井远端压裂电模拟实验研究[J].断块油气田,2014,21(3):386-389.
[18]李小龙,李建雄,周丽萍,等.径向井压裂定向起裂机理研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(2):46-52.
[19]李小龙,王冰,郭天魁,等.基于灰色关联的径向井摩阻实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(6):77-82.
[20]曲占庆,李小龙,李建雄,等.基于扩展有限元法的多径向井压裂裂缝形态[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(1):3-81.