煤体中小分子有机物赋存规律及其对煤体理化性质影响的研究进展
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摘要
小分子有机物是煤体重要组成部分,且会影响煤体的理化性质。为此,阐述了煤体中小分子有机物的赋存规律,归纳了小分子有机物对煤体理化性质的作用规律,总结了煤体中小分子有机物的定性和定量表征方法,指出了小分子有机物的研究趋势。结果表明:小分子有机物在煤体中主要以"游离""吸附"和"固溶"3种形态存在,且与煤体大分子骨架结构之间存在复杂的作用力类型;小分子有机物含量与煤体变质程度有关,低煤阶煤体中小分子有机物含量较高;小分子有机物会影响煤体的热/裂解和吸附性能;截至目前,溶剂萃取法以及伴有超声波辐射和电磁波辐射等辅助条件下的溶剂萃取法是分离煤体中小分子有机物,进而开展定性与定量分析的有效前处理手段;小分子有机物的定性与定量分析手段主要包括GC/MS、HPLC/FTIR和NMR等。为了进一步明确煤体中小分子有机物赋存规律及其对煤体理化性质的影响,今后需要开展下述工作:建立更为科学合理的煤体结构模型,以从理论层面更为深入地揭示小分子有机物在煤体中的赋存规律;运用超临界CO2流体温和萃取或原位分析手段,在尽可能不破坏煤体结构的前提下,确定小分子有机物在煤体中的赋存空间、种类及含量。
The paper is to engage itself in identifying and determining the inherent regularity of the minor organic molecules in coal,which would reveal its potential influences on the physicochemical properties further.As is well known,small organic molecules contained in the coals are endowed with essential components or elements.Such small organic molecules may be dependent on the physical-chemical properties of the coals,which can only be made to identify and determine through qualitative and quantitative analytical methods in a more intensive and comprehensive way.Therefore,in this paper,we would like to pay full attention to addressing the research trends of the small organic molecules in coals,including the existing regularities of such small organic molecules in them.As a result of our research,we have made clear that the small organic molecules in the coals mainly come about in 3 forms,i.e.in an adsorbed state,in a liberal state and in a dissolved state.And,inherently,there lie potentially the complex complicated interactive forces between the small organic molecules and the 3-D macromolecular structure of the coals,that is,the ionic force,the charge-transfer force,and the hydrogen bond,the van der Waals force,the complexation force,and the π-π interactive force,etc.Such small organic molecules tend to depend on the coal rank whereas the lower rank coals prefer to contain much more such small organic molecules.It is just such small organic molecules that are in a position to influence the pyrolysis decomposition and adsorption performances.So far as is known,such small organic molecules in the coal can be gained in such ways as through the solvent extraction with or without the ultrasonic irradiation.Of all the likely ways to gain such small organic molecules in the coal,the chief ways may include the electromagnetic radiation and other auxiliary conditions as the leading pretreatment approach and then the other qualitative and quantitative analytic methods.Among them,such analytic methods,say,GC/MS,HPLC/FTIR and NMR,etc.,can determine the composition of the content of the small organic molecules.Needless to say,in the future,more variety of ways shall be provided to promote invention of more ways to analyze and disclose the secrets of the small organic molecules in the coals with their impact on their physicochemical properties.On one hand,more reasonable structural models of coals shall be produced to further studies in this way.Besides,supercritical CO2 fluid extraction or in-situ analysis methods shall be able to be more and more perfected instead of damaging the coal structure to determine the space,composition and content of such molecules existing inside of the coal and coal seams.
The paper is to engage itself in identifying and determining the inherent regularity of the minor organic molecules in coal,which would reveal its potential influences on the physicochemical properties further.As is well known,small organic molecules contained in the coals are endowed with essential components or elements.Such small organic molecules may be dependent on the physical-chemical properties of the coals,which can only be made to identify and determine through qualitative and quantitative analytical methods in a more intensive and comprehensive way.Therefore,in this paper,we would like to pay full attention to addressing the research trends of the small organic molecules in coals,including the existing regularities of such small organic molecules in them.As a result of our research,we have made clear that the small organic molecules in the coals mainly come about in 3 forms,i.e.in an adsorbed state,in a liberal state and in a dissolved state.And,inherently,there lie potentially the complex complicated interactive forces between the small organic molecules and the 3-D macromolecular structure of the coals,that is,the ionic force,the charge-transfer force,and the hydrogen bond,the van der Waals force,the complexation force,and the π-π interactive force,etc.Such small organic molecules tend to depend on the coal rank whereas the lower rank coals prefer to contain much more such small organic molecules.It is just such small organic molecules that are in a position to influence the pyrolysis decomposition and adsorption performances.So far as is known,such small organic molecules in the coal can be gained in such ways as through the solvent extraction with or without the ultrasonic irradiation.Of all the likely ways to gain such small organic molecules in the coal,the chief ways may include the electromagnetic radiation and other auxiliary conditions as the leading pretreatment approach and then the other qualitative and quantitative analytic methods.Among them,such analytic methods,say,GC/MS,HPLC/FTIR and NMR,etc.,can determine the composition of the content of the small organic molecules.Needless to say,in the future,more variety of ways shall be provided to promote invention of more ways to analyze and disclose the secrets of the small organic molecules in the coals with their impact on their physicochemical properties.On one hand,more reasonable structural models of coals shall be produced to further studies in this way.Besides,supercritical CO2 fluid extraction or in-situ analysis methods shall be able to be more and more perfected instead of damaging the coal structure to determine the space,composition and content of such molecules existing inside of the coal and coal seams.
引文
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