An ef?cient and innovative catalytic reactor for VOCs emission control
|
摘要
Efficient mixing and thermal control are important in the flow reactor for obtaining a high product yield and selectivity.Here,we report a heterogeneous chemical kinetic study of propene oxidation within a newly designed catalytic jet-stirred reactor(CJSR).To better understand the interplay between the catalytic performances and properties,the CuO thin films have been characterized and the adsorbed energies of propene on the adsorbed and lattice oxygen were calculated using density functional theory(DFT)method.Structure and morphology analyses revealed a monoclinic structure with nano-crystallite size and porous microstructure,which is responsible for holding an important quantity of adsorbed oxygen.The residence time inside the flow CJSR(1.12–7.84 s)makes it suitable for kinetic study and gives guidance for scale-up.The kinetic study revealed that using CJSR the reaction rate increases with O_2concentration that is commonly not achievable for catalytic flow tube reactor,whereas the reaction rate tends to increase slightly above 30%of O_2due to the catalyst surface saturation.Moreover,DFT calculations demonstrated that adsorbed oxygen is the most involved oxygen,and it has found that the pathway of producing propene oxide makes the reaction of C_3H_6over CuO surface more likely to proceed.Accordingly,these findings revealed that CJSR combined with theoretical calculation is suitable for kinetic study,which can pave the way to investigate the kinetic study of other exhaust gases.
Efficient mixing and thermal control are important in the flow reactor for obtaining a high product yield and selectivity.Here,we report a heterogeneous chemical kinetic study of propene oxidation within a newly designed catalytic jet-stirred reactor(CJSR).To better understand the interplay between the catalytic performances and properties,the CuO thin films have been characterized and the adsorbed energies of propene on the adsorbed and lattice oxygen were calculated using density functional theory(DFT)method.Structure and morphology analyses revealed a monoclinic structure with nano-crystallite size and porous microstructure,which is responsible for holding an important quantity of adsorbed oxygen.The residence time inside the flow CJSR(1.12–7.84 s)makes it suitable for kinetic study and gives guidance for scale-up.The kinetic study revealed that using CJSR the reaction rate increases with O_2concentration that is commonly not achievable for catalytic flow tube reactor,whereas the reaction rate tends to increase slightly above 30%of O_2due to the catalyst surface saturation.Moreover,DFT calculations demonstrated that adsorbed oxygen is the most involved oxygen,and it has found that the pathway of producing propene oxide makes the reaction of C_3H_6over CuO surface more likely to proceed.Accordingly,these findings revealed that CJSR combined with theoretical calculation is suitable for kinetic study,which can pave the way to investigate the kinetic study of other exhaust gases.
Efficient mixing and thermal control are important in the flow reactor for obtaining a high product yield and selectivity.Here,we report a heterogeneous chemical kinetic study of propene oxidation within a newly designed catalytic jet-stirred reactor(CJSR).To better understand the interplay between the catalytic performances and properties,the CuO thin films have been characterized and the adsorbed energies of propene on the adsorbed and lattice oxygen were calculated using density functional theory(DFT)method.Structure and morphology analyses revealed a monoclinic structure with nano-crystallite size and porous microstructure,which is responsible for holding an important quantity of adsorbed oxygen.The residence time inside the flow CJSR(1.12–7.84 s)makes it suitable for kinetic study and gives guidance for scale-up.The kinetic study revealed that using CJSR the reaction rate increases with O_2concentration that is commonly not achievable for catalytic flow tube reactor,whereas the reaction rate tends to increase slightly above 30%of O_2due to the catalyst surface saturation.Moreover,DFT calculations demonstrated that adsorbed oxygen is the most involved oxygen,and it has found that the pathway of producing propene oxide makes the reaction of C_3H_6over CuO surface more likely to proceed.Accordingly,these findings revealed that CJSR combined with theoretical calculation is suitable for kinetic study,which can pave the way to investigate the kinetic study of other exhaust gases.
引文
[1]Mi Z, Zheng J, Meng J, et al. Carbon emissions of cities from a consumptionbased perspective. Appl Energy 2019;235:509–18.
[2]Zhou T, Ren L, Liu H, et al. Impact of 1.5°C and 2.0°C global warming on aircraft takeoff performance in China. Sci Bull 2018;63:700–7.
[3]Wang C, Bi J, Olde Rikkert MGM. Early warning signals for critical transitions in cardiopulmonary health, related to air pollution in an urban Chinese population. Environ Int 2018;121:240–9.
[4]Wang X, Jiang D, Lang X. Future extreme climate changes linked to global warming intensity. Sci Bull 2017;62:1673–80.
[5]Dauchet L, Hulo S, Cherot-Kornobis N, et al. Short-term exposure to air pollution:associations with lung function and in?ammatory markers in nonsmoking, healthy adults. Environ Int 2018;121:610–9.
[6]Paulsen AD, Kunsa TA, Carpenter AL, et al. Gaseous and particulate emissions from a chimneyless biomass cookstove equipped with a potassium catalyst.Appl Energy 2019;235:369–78.
[7]Wang X, Huang K, Qian J, et al. Enhanced CO catalytic oxidation by Sr reconstruction on the surface of LaxSr1àxCoO3àd. Sci Bull 2017;62:658–64.
[8]Guo Z, Liu B, Zhang Q, et al. Recent advances in heterogeneous selective oxidation catalysis for sustainable chemistry. Chem Soc Rev2014;43:3480–524.
[9]Fan S-B, Kouotou PM, Weng J-J, et al. Investigation on the structure stability and catalytic activity of Cu–Co binary oxides. Proc Combust Inst2017;36:4375–82.
[10]Huang H, Xu Y, Feng Q, et al. Low temperature catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds:a review. Catal Sci Technol 2015;5:2649–69.
[11]Tian Z-Y, Mountapmbeme Kouotou P, El Kasmi A, et al. Low-temperature deep oxidation of ole?ns and DME over cobalt ferrite. Proc Combust Inst2015;35:2207–14.
[12]Zhang Z, Jiang Z, Shangguan W. Low-temperature catalysis for VOCs removal in technology and application:a state-of-the-art review. Catal Today2016;264:270–8.
[13]Herbinet O, Dayma G. Jet-stirred reactors. Clean. Combust.. Springer, London;2013. p. 183–210.
[14]Wittstock A, Zielasek V, Biener J, et al. Nanoporous gold catalysts for selective gas-phase oxidative coupling of methanol at low temperature. Science2010;327:319–22.
[15]Nodehi Z, Rafati AA, Ghaffarinejad A. Palladium-silver polyaniline composite as an ef?cient catalyst for ethanol oxidation. Appl Catal Gen 2018;554:24–34.
[16]Tian M, He C, Yu Y, et al. Catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichloroethane over three-dimensional ordered meso-macroporous Co3O4/La0.7Sr0.3Fe0.5Co0.5O3:destruction route and mechanism. Appl Catal Gen 2018;553:1–14.
[17]Li WB, Wang JX, Gong H. Catalytic combustion of VOCs on non-noble metal catalysts. Catal Today 2009;148:81–7.
[18]Kan J, Deng L, Li B, et al. Performance of Co-doped Mn-Ce catalysts supported on cordierite for low concentration chlorobenzene oxidation. Appl Catal Gen2016;530:21–9.
[19]Xie X, Li Y, Liu Z-Q, et al. Low-temperature oxidation of CO catalysed by Co3O4nanorods. Nature 2009;458:746–9.
[20]Wang L, Gong H, Wang C, et al. Facile synthesis of novel tunable highly porous CuO nanorods for high rate lithium battery anodes with realized long cycle life and high reversible capacity. Nanoscale 2012;4:6850–5.
[21]Zhou N, Yuan M, Li D, et al. One-pot fast synthesis of leaf-like CuO nanostructures and CuO/Ag microspheres with photocatalytic application.Nano 2017;12:1750035.
[22]Tian ZY, Herrenbrück HJ, Kouotou PM, et al. Facile synthesis of catalytically active copper oxide from pulsed-spray evaporation CVD. Surf Coat Technol2013;230:33–8.
[23]Chen MS, Goodman DW. The structure of catalytically active gold on Titania.Science 2004;306:252–5.
[24]El Kasmi A, Tian Z-Y, Vieker H, et al. Innovative CVD synthesis of Cu2O catalysts for CO oxidation. Appl Catal B Environ 2016;186:10–8.
[25]Tian Z-Y, Mountapmbeme Kouotou P, Bahlawane N, et al. Synthesis of the catalytically active Mn3O4spinel and its thermal properties. J Phys Chem C2013;117:6218–24.
[26]Tchoua NPH, El Kasmi A, Weiss T, et al. Investigation of the growth behaviour of cobalt thin?lms from chemical vapour deposition, using directly coupled Xray photoelectron spectroscopy. Z Für Phys Chem 2015;229:1887–905.
[27]Perdew JP, Burke K, Ernzerhof M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys Rev Lett 1996;77:3865–8.
[28]Qadir K, Joo SH, Mun BS, et al. Intrinsic relation between catalytic activity of CO oxidation on Ru nanoparticles and Ru oxides uncovered with ambient pressure XPS. Nano Lett 2012;12:5761–8.
[29]Biesinger MC, Lau LWM, Gerson AR, et al. Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of?rst row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides:Sc, Ti, V, Cu and Zn. Appl Surf Sci 2010;257:887–98.
[30]Powell CJ, Jablonski A. NIST electron effective-attenuation-length databaseversion 1.3. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,2011
[31]Ivanova S, Petit C, Pitchon V. Application of heterogeneous gold catalysis with increased durability:oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons at low temperature.Gold Bull 2006;39:3–8.
[32]Gluhoi AC, Bogdanchikova N, Nieuwenhuys BE. The effect of different types of additives on the catalytic activity of Au/Al2O3in propene total oxidation:transition metal oxides and ceria. J Catal 2005;229:154–62.
[33]Tian ZY, Bahlawane N, Vannier V, et al. Structure sensitivity of propene oxidation over Co-Mn spinels. Proc Combust Inst 2013;34:2261–8.
[34]Liotta LF, Ousmane M, Di Carlo G, et al. Total oxidation of propene at low temperature over Co3O4–CeO2mixed oxides:Role of surface oxygen vacancies and bulk oxygen mobility in the catalytic activity. Appl Catal Gen2008;347:81–8.
[35]Pan G-F, Fan S-B, Liang J, et al. CVD synthesis of Cu2O?lms for catalytic application. RSC Adv 2015;5:42477–81.
[36]Liang J, Pan G-F, Fan S-B, et al. CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide?lms:CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide?lms. Phys Status Solidi C 2015;12:1001–5.
[37]Doornkamp C, Ponec V. The universal character of the Mars and Van Krevelen mechanism. J Mol Catal Chem 2000;162:19–32.
[38]Bao H, Chen X, Fang J, et al. Structure-activity relation of Fe2O3-CeO2composite catalysts in CO oxidation. Catal Lett 2008;125:160–7.
[39]Aneggi E, Llorca J, Boaro M, et al. Surface-structure sensitivity of CO oxidation over polycrystalline ceria powders. J Catal 2005;234:88–95.
[40]Song Y-Y, Wang G-C. A DFT study and microkinetic simulation of propylene partial oxidation on CuO(111)and CuO(100)surfaces. J Phys Chem C2016;120:27430–42.
[2]Zhou T, Ren L, Liu H, et al. Impact of 1.5°C and 2.0°C global warming on aircraft takeoff performance in China. Sci Bull 2018;63:700–7.
[3]Wang C, Bi J, Olde Rikkert MGM. Early warning signals for critical transitions in cardiopulmonary health, related to air pollution in an urban Chinese population. Environ Int 2018;121:240–9.
[4]Wang X, Jiang D, Lang X. Future extreme climate changes linked to global warming intensity. Sci Bull 2017;62:1673–80.
[5]Dauchet L, Hulo S, Cherot-Kornobis N, et al. Short-term exposure to air pollution:associations with lung function and in?ammatory markers in nonsmoking, healthy adults. Environ Int 2018;121:610–9.
[6]Paulsen AD, Kunsa TA, Carpenter AL, et al. Gaseous and particulate emissions from a chimneyless biomass cookstove equipped with a potassium catalyst.Appl Energy 2019;235:369–78.
[7]Wang X, Huang K, Qian J, et al. Enhanced CO catalytic oxidation by Sr reconstruction on the surface of LaxSr1àxCoO3àd. Sci Bull 2017;62:658–64.
[8]Guo Z, Liu B, Zhang Q, et al. Recent advances in heterogeneous selective oxidation catalysis for sustainable chemistry. Chem Soc Rev2014;43:3480–524.
[9]Fan S-B, Kouotou PM, Weng J-J, et al. Investigation on the structure stability and catalytic activity of Cu–Co binary oxides. Proc Combust Inst2017;36:4375–82.
[10]Huang H, Xu Y, Feng Q, et al. Low temperature catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds:a review. Catal Sci Technol 2015;5:2649–69.
[11]Tian Z-Y, Mountapmbeme Kouotou P, El Kasmi A, et al. Low-temperature deep oxidation of ole?ns and DME over cobalt ferrite. Proc Combust Inst2015;35:2207–14.
[12]Zhang Z, Jiang Z, Shangguan W. Low-temperature catalysis for VOCs removal in technology and application:a state-of-the-art review. Catal Today2016;264:270–8.
[13]Herbinet O, Dayma G. Jet-stirred reactors. Clean. Combust.. Springer, London;2013. p. 183–210.
[14]Wittstock A, Zielasek V, Biener J, et al. Nanoporous gold catalysts for selective gas-phase oxidative coupling of methanol at low temperature. Science2010;327:319–22.
[15]Nodehi Z, Rafati AA, Ghaffarinejad A. Palladium-silver polyaniline composite as an ef?cient catalyst for ethanol oxidation. Appl Catal Gen 2018;554:24–34.
[16]Tian M, He C, Yu Y, et al. Catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichloroethane over three-dimensional ordered meso-macroporous Co3O4/La0.7Sr0.3Fe0.5Co0.5O3:destruction route and mechanism. Appl Catal Gen 2018;553:1–14.
[17]Li WB, Wang JX, Gong H. Catalytic combustion of VOCs on non-noble metal catalysts. Catal Today 2009;148:81–7.
[18]Kan J, Deng L, Li B, et al. Performance of Co-doped Mn-Ce catalysts supported on cordierite for low concentration chlorobenzene oxidation. Appl Catal Gen2016;530:21–9.
[19]Xie X, Li Y, Liu Z-Q, et al. Low-temperature oxidation of CO catalysed by Co3O4nanorods. Nature 2009;458:746–9.
[20]Wang L, Gong H, Wang C, et al. Facile synthesis of novel tunable highly porous CuO nanorods for high rate lithium battery anodes with realized long cycle life and high reversible capacity. Nanoscale 2012;4:6850–5.
[21]Zhou N, Yuan M, Li D, et al. One-pot fast synthesis of leaf-like CuO nanostructures and CuO/Ag microspheres with photocatalytic application.Nano 2017;12:1750035.
[22]Tian ZY, Herrenbrück HJ, Kouotou PM, et al. Facile synthesis of catalytically active copper oxide from pulsed-spray evaporation CVD. Surf Coat Technol2013;230:33–8.
[23]Chen MS, Goodman DW. The structure of catalytically active gold on Titania.Science 2004;306:252–5.
[24]El Kasmi A, Tian Z-Y, Vieker H, et al. Innovative CVD synthesis of Cu2O catalysts for CO oxidation. Appl Catal B Environ 2016;186:10–8.
[25]Tian Z-Y, Mountapmbeme Kouotou P, Bahlawane N, et al. Synthesis of the catalytically active Mn3O4spinel and its thermal properties. J Phys Chem C2013;117:6218–24.
[26]Tchoua NPH, El Kasmi A, Weiss T, et al. Investigation of the growth behaviour of cobalt thin?lms from chemical vapour deposition, using directly coupled Xray photoelectron spectroscopy. Z Für Phys Chem 2015;229:1887–905.
[27]Perdew JP, Burke K, Ernzerhof M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys Rev Lett 1996;77:3865–8.
[28]Qadir K, Joo SH, Mun BS, et al. Intrinsic relation between catalytic activity of CO oxidation on Ru nanoparticles and Ru oxides uncovered with ambient pressure XPS. Nano Lett 2012;12:5761–8.
[29]Biesinger MC, Lau LWM, Gerson AR, et al. Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of?rst row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides:Sc, Ti, V, Cu and Zn. Appl Surf Sci 2010;257:887–98.
[30]Powell CJ, Jablonski A. NIST electron effective-attenuation-length databaseversion 1.3. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,2011
[31]Ivanova S, Petit C, Pitchon V. Application of heterogeneous gold catalysis with increased durability:oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons at low temperature.Gold Bull 2006;39:3–8.
[32]Gluhoi AC, Bogdanchikova N, Nieuwenhuys BE. The effect of different types of additives on the catalytic activity of Au/Al2O3in propene total oxidation:transition metal oxides and ceria. J Catal 2005;229:154–62.
[33]Tian ZY, Bahlawane N, Vannier V, et al. Structure sensitivity of propene oxidation over Co-Mn spinels. Proc Combust Inst 2013;34:2261–8.
[34]Liotta LF, Ousmane M, Di Carlo G, et al. Total oxidation of propene at low temperature over Co3O4–CeO2mixed oxides:Role of surface oxygen vacancies and bulk oxygen mobility in the catalytic activity. Appl Catal Gen2008;347:81–8.
[35]Pan G-F, Fan S-B, Liang J, et al. CVD synthesis of Cu2O?lms for catalytic application. RSC Adv 2015;5:42477–81.
[36]Liang J, Pan G-F, Fan S-B, et al. CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide?lms:CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide?lms. Phys Status Solidi C 2015;12:1001–5.
[37]Doornkamp C, Ponec V. The universal character of the Mars and Van Krevelen mechanism. J Mol Catal Chem 2000;162:19–32.
[38]Bao H, Chen X, Fang J, et al. Structure-activity relation of Fe2O3-CeO2composite catalysts in CO oxidation. Catal Lett 2008;125:160–7.
[39]Aneggi E, Llorca J, Boaro M, et al. Surface-structure sensitivity of CO oxidation over polycrystalline ceria powders. J Catal 2005;234:88–95.
[40]Song Y-Y, Wang G-C. A DFT study and microkinetic simulation of propylene partial oxidation on CuO(111)and CuO(100)surfaces. J Phys Chem C2016;120:27430–42.