高原高寒地区可再生能源与储能集成供能系统研究
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摘要
面向高原高寒地区对稳定供热和供电的迫切需求,本文提出了一种新型的可再生能源与储能集成供能系统。该系统包括风力发电、光伏发电、水力发电、槽式太阳能集热器、储热系统、储电装置以及集成控制系统,实现了多种可再生能源高效利用;制定了一种考虑热电设备性能的实时能量管理策略,并建立了以年成本为主要优化目标的容量配置方法;利用该系统与优化方法对高原高寒地带民用住宅群的供能系统进行了优化设计,通过案例对比分析,验证了该集成供能系统容量配置方法和能量管理策略的可行性。研究结果为高原高寒地区供能系统的选择提供了有益的参考。
This paper proposed an energy system for the integration of renewable energy with energy storage in a frigid plateau region. The system was intended for an isolated residential community with heating and power demands, which includes wind, photovoltaic, and hydroelectric power generation,trough solar collector, heat storage unit, electrical energy storage unit and an integrated control unit for achieving a high efficiency in the utilization of renewable energy. An optimization method based on the genetic algorithm was established for the proposed system, aimed at finding a configuration with optimal economics. Besides, a real-time energy management strategy, which took into account the performances of components, was proposed to ensure an effective operation of the system. A case study was then conducted to minimize the annualized cost of the system. The results showed the feasibility of the energy management strategy.
This paper proposed an energy system for the integration of renewable energy with energy storage in a frigid plateau region. The system was intended for an isolated residential community with heating and power demands, which includes wind, photovoltaic, and hydroelectric power generation,trough solar collector, heat storage unit, electrical energy storage unit and an integrated control unit for achieving a high efficiency in the utilization of renewable energy. An optimization method based on the genetic algorithm was established for the proposed system, aimed at finding a configuration with optimal economics. Besides, a real-time energy management strategy, which took into account the performances of components, was proposed to ensure an effective operation of the system. A case study was then conducted to minimize the annualized cost of the system. The results showed the feasibility of the energy management strategy.
引文
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[11]黄弦超.计及可控负荷的独立微网分布式电源容量优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(7):1962-1970.WANG X C.Capacity optimization of distributed generation for standalone microgrid considering controllable load[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(7):1962-1970.
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[13]何璇.高寒地区槽式太阳能集热器与CO2空气源热泵复合供暖系统的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2018.HE X.Research of combining parabolic trough collectors and CO2air-source heat pump heating system in alpine region[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2018.
[14]罗继杰,吉劼,倪龙,等.基于槽式太阳能供暖技术的工程实例分析[J].暖通空调,2016,46(10):112-116.LUO J J,JI J,NI L,et al.Engineering analysis based on parabolic trough solar heating technology[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2016,46(10):112-116.
[15]SAMOUI M,ABDELKAFI A,KRICHEN L.Optimal sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic/wind/hydrogen hybrid system supplying a desalination unit[J].2015,120:263-276.
[16]李咸善,方婧,郭诗书,等.基于灵敏度分析的并网型微电网容量优化配置[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(23):8-17.LI X S,FANG J,GUO S S,et al.Capacity sizing optimal for gridconnected micro-grid based on sensitivity analysis[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(23):8-17.
[17]王志峰.太阳能热发电站设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014.WANG Z F.Design of solar thermal power plant[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2014.
[18]张雅文.太阳能电站双罐式熔盐蓄热系统的优化设计及研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2012.ZHANG Y W.Study and optimal design on two-tank molten salt heat storage system in solar power pants[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2012.
[19]ZAKERI B,SYRI S.Electrical energy storage systems:A comparative life cycle cost analysis[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2015,42(C):569-596.
[20]DING J,XU Y J,CHEN H S,et al.Value and economic estimation model for grid-scale energy storage in monopoly power markets[J].Applied Energy,2019,240:986-1002.
[21]YANG H X,ZHOU W,LOU C Z.Optimal design and technoeconomic analysis of a hybrid solar-wind power generation system[J].Applied Energy,2009,86(2):163-169.
[22]GUINOT B,CHAMPEL B,MONTIGNAC F,et al.Techno-economic study of a PV-hydrogen-battery hybrid system for off-grid power supply:impact of performances'ageing on optimal system sizing and competitiveness[J].Hydrogen Energy,2015,40(1):623-632.
[23]BRKA A.Optimisation of stand-alone hydrogen-based renewable energy systems using intelligent techniques[D].Australia:Edith Cowan University,2015.
[24]雷英杰,张善文.MATLAB遗传算法工具箱及应用[M].西安:电子科技大学出版社,2014.LEI Y J,ZHANG S W.MATLAB genetic algorithm toolbox and its application[M].Xi'an:University of Electronic Science and Technology Press,2004.
[25]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范:GB 50019-2003[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction of the People's Republic of China.Design code for heating ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings:GB 50019-2003[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012.
[26]谭雅倩.海水抽水蓄能系统特性与优化研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2017.TAN Y Q.System characteristic and optimization study of seawater pumped hydro energy storage[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.
[27]JENKINS D P,FLETCHER J,KANE D.Lifetime prediction and sizing of lead-acid batteries for microgeneration storage applications[J].Renewable Power Generation Iet,2007,2(3):191-200.
[28]ROUHOLAMINI M,MOHAMMADIAN M.Heuristic-based power management of a grid-connected hybrid energy system combined with hydrogen storage[J].Renewable Energy,2016,96:354-365.
[2]胡尧,李子璇,李勇,等.浅析西藏地区可再生能源开发利用现状及未来发展[J].太阳能,2017(8):11-13.HU Y,LI Z X,LI Y,et al.A brief analysis of the present situation and future development of renewable energy development and utilization in Tibet[J].Solar Energy,2017(8):11-13.
[3]白树华,卢继平.西藏高原的气候环境对风力发电的影响分析[J].电力建设,2006,27(11):37-40.BAI S H,LU J P.Analysis on influence of Tibet high plateau climate on wind power generation[J].Electric Power Construction,2006,27(11):37-40.
[4]李玉平,徐玉杰,李斌,等.跨临界二氧化碳储能系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(21):6367-6374.LI Y P,XU Y J,LI B,et al.Research on trans-critical carbon dioxide energy storage system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(21):6367-6374.
[5]CHEN H S,CONG T N,YANG W,et al.Progress in electrical energy storage system:A critical review[J].Progress in Natural Science,2009,19(3):291-312.
[6]ZHANG Y,XU Y J,GUO H,et al.A hybrid energy storage system with optimized operating strategy for mitigating wind power fluctuations[J].Renewable Energy,2018,125:121-132.
[7]杨勇,郭苏,刘群明,等.风电-CSP联合发电系统优化运行研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(S1):151-157.YANG Y,GUO S,LIU Q M,et al.Research on optimization operation for wind-CSP hybrid power generation system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(S1):151-157.
[8]CHAUHAN A,SAINI R P.A review on integrated renewable energy system based power generation for stand-alone applications:configurations,storage options,sizing methodologies and control[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2014,38(5):99-120.
[9]于东霞,张建华,王晓燕,等.并网型风光储互补发电系统容量优化配置[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,DOI:10.19635/j.cnki.csuepsa.000127.YU D X,ZHANG J H,WANG X Y,et al.Optimization of system capacity in grid-connected wind/PV/storage hybrid system[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,DOI:10.19635/j.cnki.csu-epsa.000127
[10]张志文,范威,刘军,等.偏远山区风光水储互补发电系统容量优化配置[J].电源学报,2018,16(5):138-146.ZHANG Z W,FAN W,LIU J,et al.Optimal capacity configuration of windsolar-water-battery complementary power generation system in remote mountainous areas[J].Journal of Power Supply,2018,16(5):138-146.
[11]黄弦超.计及可控负荷的独立微网分布式电源容量优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(7):1962-1970.WANG X C.Capacity optimization of distributed generation for standalone microgrid considering controllable load[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(7):1962-1970.
[12]李冰,石建磊,张帆,等.基于多电源联合系统的大规模风光消纳协调控制策略[J].智能电网,2014,2(2):15-21.LI B,SHI J L,ZHANG F,et al.A dispatch strategy for large-scale wind/photovoltaic power accommodation based on multi-generator system[J].Smart Grid,2014,2(2):15-21.
[13]何璇.高寒地区槽式太阳能集热器与CO2空气源热泵复合供暖系统的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2018.HE X.Research of combining parabolic trough collectors and CO2air-source heat pump heating system in alpine region[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2018.
[14]罗继杰,吉劼,倪龙,等.基于槽式太阳能供暖技术的工程实例分析[J].暖通空调,2016,46(10):112-116.LUO J J,JI J,NI L,et al.Engineering analysis based on parabolic trough solar heating technology[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2016,46(10):112-116.
[15]SAMOUI M,ABDELKAFI A,KRICHEN L.Optimal sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic/wind/hydrogen hybrid system supplying a desalination unit[J].2015,120:263-276.
[16]李咸善,方婧,郭诗书,等.基于灵敏度分析的并网型微电网容量优化配置[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(23):8-17.LI X S,FANG J,GUO S S,et al.Capacity sizing optimal for gridconnected micro-grid based on sensitivity analysis[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(23):8-17.
[17]王志峰.太阳能热发电站设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014.WANG Z F.Design of solar thermal power plant[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2014.
[18]张雅文.太阳能电站双罐式熔盐蓄热系统的优化设计及研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2012.ZHANG Y W.Study and optimal design on two-tank molten salt heat storage system in solar power pants[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2012.
[19]ZAKERI B,SYRI S.Electrical energy storage systems:A comparative life cycle cost analysis[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2015,42(C):569-596.
[20]DING J,XU Y J,CHEN H S,et al.Value and economic estimation model for grid-scale energy storage in monopoly power markets[J].Applied Energy,2019,240:986-1002.
[21]YANG H X,ZHOU W,LOU C Z.Optimal design and technoeconomic analysis of a hybrid solar-wind power generation system[J].Applied Energy,2009,86(2):163-169.
[22]GUINOT B,CHAMPEL B,MONTIGNAC F,et al.Techno-economic study of a PV-hydrogen-battery hybrid system for off-grid power supply:impact of performances'ageing on optimal system sizing and competitiveness[J].Hydrogen Energy,2015,40(1):623-632.
[23]BRKA A.Optimisation of stand-alone hydrogen-based renewable energy systems using intelligent techniques[D].Australia:Edith Cowan University,2015.
[24]雷英杰,张善文.MATLAB遗传算法工具箱及应用[M].西安:电子科技大学出版社,2014.LEI Y J,ZHANG S W.MATLAB genetic algorithm toolbox and its application[M].Xi'an:University of Electronic Science and Technology Press,2004.
[25]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范:GB 50019-2003[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction of the People's Republic of China.Design code for heating ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings:GB 50019-2003[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012.
[26]谭雅倩.海水抽水蓄能系统特性与优化研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2017.TAN Y Q.System characteristic and optimization study of seawater pumped hydro energy storage[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.
[27]JENKINS D P,FLETCHER J,KANE D.Lifetime prediction and sizing of lead-acid batteries for microgeneration storage applications[J].Renewable Power Generation Iet,2007,2(3):191-200.
[28]ROUHOLAMINI M,MOHAMMADIAN M.Heuristic-based power management of a grid-connected hybrid energy system combined with hydrogen storage[J].Renewable Energy,2016,96:354-365.