桥式混合励磁型饱和铁心故障限流器性能分析
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摘要
为降低饱和铁心故障限流器(saturated core fault current limiter,SCFCL)运行中的励磁损耗,应用稀土永磁体对铁心进行励磁已得到广泛研究。但永磁体在高压大容量领域中的励磁能力尚不足,且稳定性易受影响,限制了其推广应用。为解决上述不足,提出了一种桥式混合励磁型饱和铁心故障限流器(bridge-type hybrid-biased SCFCL,BHFCL)。BHFCL利用混合励磁结构增强励磁能力,并通过对磁路磁阻进行设计,可有效降低通过永磁体的反向交流磁通,提高永磁体稳定性。通过电磁耦合的方法,对BHFCL基本原理以及工作特性进行分析,研究了结构参数对其性能的影响。基于Maxwell的有限元电磁仿真结果以及220 V/10 A限流器样机实验结果,均验证了文中所提BHFCL的有效性与理论分析的正确性。
In order to reduce the excitation loss of saturated core fault current limiter(SCFCL), applying permanent magnet(PM) to saturate iron core has been studied widely. The limited magneto motive force and the stability of PM limit its application in SCFCL used in high voltage and large capacity situation. With this background, a bridge-type hybrid-biased SCFCL(BHFCL) is proposed. The hybrid-biased method of BHFCL enhances its magneto motive force, and the stability of PM is improved by adjusting the parameters of magnetic circuit. The operation principle and characteristics of BHFCL is analyzed by the method of electromagnetic coupling. The effects of structure parameters on the performance of BHFCL is studied. FEA simulations results based on Maxwell and experimental result obtained from a 220 V/10 A prototype validate the effectiveness of the proposed structure and the method.
In order to reduce the excitation loss of saturated core fault current limiter(SCFCL), applying permanent magnet(PM) to saturate iron core has been studied widely. The limited magneto motive force and the stability of PM limit its application in SCFCL used in high voltage and large capacity situation. With this background, a bridge-type hybrid-biased SCFCL(BHFCL) is proposed. The hybrid-biased method of BHFCL enhances its magneto motive force, and the stability of PM is improved by adjusting the parameters of magnetic circuit. The operation principle and characteristics of BHFCL is analyzed by the method of electromagnetic coupling. The effects of structure parameters on the performance of BHFCL is studied. FEA simulations results based on Maxwell and experimental result obtained from a 220 V/10 A prototype validate the effectiveness of the proposed structure and the method.
引文
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[10]邹亮,张秀群,赵彤,等.永磁偏置型故障限流器对系统暂态稳定性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):594-601.Zou Liang,Zhang Xiuqun,Zhao Tong,et al.Influence of permanent-magnet-biased saturation based fault current limiter on transient stability of power system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):594-601(in Chinese).
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[14]Mukhopadhyay S C,Iwahara M,Yamada S,et al.Investigation of the performances of a permanent magnet biased fault current limiting reactor with a steel core[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1998,34(4):2150-2152.
[15]邹亮,李庆民,刘洪顺,等.大容量永磁饱和型故障限流器参数设计与优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(9):105-112.Zou Liang,Li Qingmin,Liu Hongshun,et al.Parameter design and optimization methodology for large capacity applications of permanent-magnet-biased saturation based fault current limiter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(9):105-112(in Chinese).
[16]邹亮,李庆民,许家响,等.考虑漏磁效应的永磁饱和型故障限流器磁路建模与实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(21):137-145.Zou Liang,Li Qingmin,Xu Jiaxiang,et al.Current status and application prospect of fault current limiters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(21):137-145(in Chinese).
[17]李磊,李琳.改进永磁饱和铁心型故障电流限制器及其等效电路模型[J].电网技术,2017,41(11):3685-3690.Li Lei,Li Lin.A novel saturated-core fault current limiter with permanent magnet modules and its nonlinear equivalent circuit[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(11):3685-3690(in Chinese).
[18]Yuan Jiaxin,Yang Lei,Wei Liangliang,et al.A novel bridge-type hybrid saturated-core fault current limiter based on permanent magnets[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1904-1907.
[19]陈萍,唐任远,佟文明.高功率密度永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗分布规律及其影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):1-9.Chen Ping,Tang Renyuan,Tong Wenming.Permanent magnet eddy current loss and its influence of high power density permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):1-9(in Chinese).
[20]唐旭,王秀和,李莹,等.异步起动永磁同步电动机起动过程中永磁体退磁研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,35(4):961-970.Tang Xu,Wang Xiuhe,Li Ying,et al.Demagnetization study for linestart permanent magnet synchronous motor during starting process[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,35(4):961-970(in Chinese).
[2]王晨,徐建霖.混合型限流及开断技术发展综述[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1644-1654.Wang Chen,Xu Jianlin.Review of hybrid current limiting and breaking technology development[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(11):1644-1654(in Chinese).
[3]刘波,陈轩恕,兰贞波,等.新一代110 k V真空断路器挂网试运行研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(16):126-132.Liu Bo,Chen Xuanshu,Lan Zhenbo,et al.Research on trial operation for a new generation of 110k V vacuum circuit breaker[J].Power System Protection And Control,2015,43(16):126-132(in Chinese).
[4]张晚英,周辉,胡雪峰,等.新型饱和铁心高温超导限流器的实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(2):494-501.Zhang Wanying,Zhou Hui,Hu Xuefeng,et al.Experimental research on a novel saturated core high temperature superconducting fault current limiter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(2):494-501(in Chinese).
[5]张志丰,邱清泉,张国民,等.220 k V分裂电抗型超导限流器的仿真与优化设计[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1129-1136.Zhang Zhifeng,Qiu Qingquan,Zhang Guomin,et al.Modeling and optimal design of 220k V spilt reactance type superconducting fault current limiter[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1129-1136(in Chinese).
[6]刘清峰,邱清泉,张志丰,等.分裂电抗型超导限流器的交直流限流特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(2):456-462.Liu Qingfeng,Qiu Qingquan,Zhang Zhifeng,et al.AC/DC current limiting characteristics of the divisive reactance type superconducting fault current limiter[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(2):456-462(in Chinese).
[7]潘艳霞,凌志斌,蔡旭,等.新型磁控开关型故障限流器参数设计及模型机研究[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(11):59-64.Pan Yanxia,Ling Zhibin,Cai Xu,et al.Study on parameter design and test model of a novel magnetic-controlled switcher type fault current limiter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(11):59-64(in Chinese).
[8]Commins P,Moscrop J W.Analytical nonlinear reluctance model of a single-phase saturated core fault current limiter[J].IEEEtransactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(1):450-457.
[9]Moscrop J W.Experimental analysis of the magnetic flux characteristics of saturated core fault current limiters[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2013,49(2):874-882.
[10]邹亮,张秀群,赵彤,等.永磁偏置型故障限流器对系统暂态稳定性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):594-601.Zou Liang,Zhang Xiuqun,Zhao Tong,et al.Influence of permanent-magnet-biased saturation based fault current limiter on transient stability of power system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):594-601(in Chinese).
[11]Abramovitz A,Smedley K M,De La Rosa F,et al.Prototyping and testing of A 15k V/1.2k A saturable core HTS fault current limiter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(3):1271-1279.
[12]Mukhopadhyay S C,Dawson F P,Iwahara M,et al.Analysis,design and experimental results for a passive current limiting device[J].IEEEProceedings Electric Power Applications,1999,146(3):309-316.
[13]Jiaxin Yuan,Yang Lei,Tian Cuihua,et al.Performance investigation of a novel permanent magnet-biased fault current limiter[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):3004-3007.
[14]Mukhopadhyay S C,Iwahara M,Yamada S,et al.Investigation of the performances of a permanent magnet biased fault current limiting reactor with a steel core[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1998,34(4):2150-2152.
[15]邹亮,李庆民,刘洪顺,等.大容量永磁饱和型故障限流器参数设计与优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(9):105-112.Zou Liang,Li Qingmin,Liu Hongshun,et al.Parameter design and optimization methodology for large capacity applications of permanent-magnet-biased saturation based fault current limiter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(9):105-112(in Chinese).
[16]邹亮,李庆民,许家响,等.考虑漏磁效应的永磁饱和型故障限流器磁路建模与实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(21):137-145.Zou Liang,Li Qingmin,Xu Jiaxiang,et al.Current status and application prospect of fault current limiters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(21):137-145(in Chinese).
[17]李磊,李琳.改进永磁饱和铁心型故障电流限制器及其等效电路模型[J].电网技术,2017,41(11):3685-3690.Li Lei,Li Lin.A novel saturated-core fault current limiter with permanent magnet modules and its nonlinear equivalent circuit[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(11):3685-3690(in Chinese).
[18]Yuan Jiaxin,Yang Lei,Wei Liangliang,et al.A novel bridge-type hybrid saturated-core fault current limiter based on permanent magnets[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1904-1907.
[19]陈萍,唐任远,佟文明.高功率密度永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗分布规律及其影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):1-9.Chen Ping,Tang Renyuan,Tong Wenming.Permanent magnet eddy current loss and its influence of high power density permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):1-9(in Chinese).
[20]唐旭,王秀和,李莹,等.异步起动永磁同步电动机起动过程中永磁体退磁研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,35(4):961-970.Tang Xu,Wang Xiuhe,Li Ying,et al.Demagnetization study for linestart permanent magnet synchronous motor during starting process[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,35(4):961-970(in Chinese).