混合电力汽车动力能耗优化控制研究
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摘要
混合电力汽车的驱动功率可以分配给电机或者发动机,因此,在运行过程中获得最优的能量分配,提高整车的燃油经济性,是混合电力汽车能量控制的难点。本文以并联式混合电力汽车为研究对象,针对复杂的行车工况,提出了基于粒子群算法(Equivalent consumption minimization strategy, PSO)优化的等效燃油消耗最小策略(Particle swarm optimization, ECMS)。利用粒子群算法离线优化等效系数,建立基于PSO优化等效系数的等效燃油消耗最小的策略,实现了并联式混合电力汽车的能量实时优化控制。高级车辆仿真器软件(Advanced vehicle simulator, ADVISOR)仿真结果表明,该方法选取的等效系数合理,有效地提高了汽车燃油的经济性。
The driving power of hybrid cars can be assigned to motor or engine. How to obtain the optimal energy distribution in the operation process so as to reduce the fuel economy of the vehicle is the difficult point in energy control, aiming at which, the parallel hybrid electric vehicle is studied. Facing the complex driving conditions, an equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy is proposed based on particle swarm optimization. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy(ECMS) based on the equivalent coefficient optimization is established by using particle swarm optimization(PSO) to optimize the equivalent coefficient offline, and the real-time control strategy of parallel hybrid electric vehicle is realized. Simulating results based on Advanced Vehicle Simulator(ADVISOR) software show that the equivalent coefficient is reasonable, and the fuel economy performance can be improved.
The driving power of hybrid cars can be assigned to motor or engine. How to obtain the optimal energy distribution in the operation process so as to reduce the fuel economy of the vehicle is the difficult point in energy control, aiming at which, the parallel hybrid electric vehicle is studied. Facing the complex driving conditions, an equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy is proposed based on particle swarm optimization. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy(ECMS) based on the equivalent coefficient optimization is established by using particle swarm optimization(PSO) to optimize the equivalent coefficient offline, and the real-time control strategy of parallel hybrid electric vehicle is realized. Simulating results based on Advanced Vehicle Simulator(ADVISOR) software show that the equivalent coefficient is reasonable, and the fuel economy performance can be improved.
引文
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[17]吴剑,张承慧,崔纳新.基于粒子群优化的并联式混合动力汽车模糊能量管理策略研究 [J].控制与决策,2008,23(1):46-50.
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[2]张勇斌.并联混合动力汽车控制策略的分析与研究 [J].小型内燃机与车辆技术,2016,45(5):74-77.
[3]LENA A,ERIC C,ALI E,et al.Effect of socio-economic factors on EV/HEV/PHEV adoption rate in ontario [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2015,98:93-104.
[4]MONTAZERI G M,MEHDI M K.An optimal energy management development for various configuration of plug-in and hybrid electric vehicle [J].Journal of Central South University,2015,22(5):1737-1747.
[5]朱庆林.基于瞬时优化的混合动力汽车控制策略研究 [D].吉林:吉林大学,2009.
[6]TORRES J,GONZALEZ R,GIMENEZ A,et al.Energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles:a comparative study [J].Applied Energy,2014,113:816-824.
[7]ZHANG Y H,JIAO X H,LI L,et al.A hybrid dynamic programming-rule based algorithm for real-time energy optimization of plug-in hybrid electric bus [J].Science China (Technological Sciences),2014,57(12):2542-2550.
[8]秦大同,曾育平,苏岭,等.基于近似极小值原理的插电式混合动力汽车实时控制策略 [J].机械工程学报,2015,51(2):134-140.
[9]周美兰,刘占华,胡玲玲.纯电动汽车复合电源再生制动控制策略研究 [J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报,2017,34(3):359-365.
[10]林歆悠,冯其高,张少博.等效因子离散全局优化的等效燃油瞬时消耗最小策略能量管理策略 [J].机械工程学报,2016,52(20):102-110.
[11]胡红斐,黄向东,罗玉涛,等.HEV实时等效能量消耗最小控制策略 [J].汽车工程,2006,28(6):516-520.
[12]SIVERTSSON M,ERIKSSON L.Design and evaluation of energy management using map-based ECMS for the PHEV benchmark [J].Oil and Gas Science and Technology,2015,70(1):195-211.
[13]徐彩丽,黄宏成,朱海建.基于ECMS算法的能量管理策略研究 [J].传动技术,2015,29(2):21-25.
[14]孔凡敏.混合动力系统瞬时最优能量控制策略的研究 [D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[15]李少波,杨观赐.进化算法与混合动力系统优化 [M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[16]朱大林,詹腾.元胞多目标粒子群优化算法与其应用 [J].农业机械学报,2013,44(12):280-287.
[17]吴剑,张承慧,崔纳新.基于粒子群优化的并联式混合动力汽车模糊能量管理策略研究 [J].控制与决策,2008,23(1):46-50.
[18]曾小华,宫维钧.ADVISOR2002电动汽车仿真与再开发利用 [M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.