基于非线性短时傅里叶变换阶次跟踪的变速行星齿轮箱故障诊断
|
摘要
针对变速行星齿轮箱信号频率模糊且受噪声影响的问题,提出了基于非线性短时傅里叶变换(NLSTFT)无键相阶次跟踪与变分模态分解的故障诊断方法。用NLSTFT算法估计信号瞬时频率,对其积分获得瞬时相位曲线,通过重采样得到角域信号;利用NCOGS算法对角域信号降噪,采用VMD算法进行角域信号模态分解,通过各模态分量信号包络谱解调实现故障诊断。实验结果表明,新方法计算效率高、鲁棒性好,提高了变转速行星齿轮箱故障诊断性能。
Aiming at the problems that vibration signal frequencies of planetary gearboxs were fuzzy and interfered by strong noises under variable speed conditions,a fault diagnosis method was proposed based on NLSTFT non-bonding phase order tracking and variational modal decomposition. Firstly,NLSTFT was used to precisely estimate instantaneous frequency of vibration signals,and then transformed into the instantaneous phase curves through integral operation. A smooth angular domain signal was obtained by signal resampling. Secondly,NCOGS(non-convex overlapping group shrinkage)algorithm was used to de-noise the angular domain signals,and VMD(variational mode decomposition)algorithm was used to perform modal decomposition of the angular domain signals. Finally,the fault diagnosis was realized through the demodulation analysis of the envelope spectrum of each modal component signal.The experimental results show that the new method may effectively promote the performances of fault diagnosis under variable speed conditions,which has the high computational efficiency and strong noise robustness.
Aiming at the problems that vibration signal frequencies of planetary gearboxs were fuzzy and interfered by strong noises under variable speed conditions,a fault diagnosis method was proposed based on NLSTFT non-bonding phase order tracking and variational modal decomposition. Firstly,NLSTFT was used to precisely estimate instantaneous frequency of vibration signals,and then transformed into the instantaneous phase curves through integral operation. A smooth angular domain signal was obtained by signal resampling. Secondly,NCOGS(non-convex overlapping group shrinkage)algorithm was used to de-noise the angular domain signals,and VMD(variational mode decomposition)algorithm was used to perform modal decomposition of the angular domain signals. Finally,the fault diagnosis was realized through the demodulation analysis of the envelope spectrum of each modal component signal.The experimental results show that the new method may effectively promote the performances of fault diagnosis under variable speed conditions,which has the high computational efficiency and strong noise robustness.
引文
[1]王友仁,陈伟,孙灿飞,等.基于能量聚集度经验小波变换的齿轮箱早期微弱故障诊断[J].中国机械工程,2017,28(12):1484-1490.WANG Youren,CHENG Wei,SUN Canfei,et al.Early Weak Fault Diagnosis of Gearboxes Based on Energy Aggregation and EWT[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2017,28(12):1484-1490.
[2]FENG Z,QIN S,LIANG M.Time-frequency Analysis Based on Vold-Kalman Filter and Higher Order Energy Separation for Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Planetary Gearbox under Nonstationary Conditions[J].Renewable Energy,2016,85:45-56.
[3]CANDèS E J,CHARLTON P R,HELGASON H.Detecting Highly Oscillatory Signals by Chirplet Path Pursuit[J].Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis,2008,24(1):14-40.
[4]李蓉,于德介,陈向民,等.基于线调频小波路径追踪算法与EEMD的齿轮箱复合故障诊断方法[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(3):51-56.LI Rong,YU Dejie,CHEN Xiangming,et al.A Compound Fault Diagnosis Method for Gearboxs Based on Chirplet Path Pursuit and EEMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(3):51-56.
[5]RODOPOULOS K,YIAKOPOULOS C,ANTONIADIS I.A Parametric Approach for the Estimation of the Instantaneous Speed of Rotating Machinery[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2014,44(1/2):31-46.
[6]郭瑜,秦树人,汤宝平,等.基于瞬时频率估计的旋转机械阶比跟踪[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(3):32-36.GUO Yu,QIN Shuren,TANG Baoping,et al.Order Tracking Method in Rotating Machinery Based on Instantaneous Frequency Estimation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(3):32-36.
[7]YU G,ZHOU Y.General Linear Chirplet Transform[J].Mechanical Systems&Signal Processing,2015,70:958-973.
[8]DRAGOMIRETSKIY K,ZOSSO D.Variational Mode Decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(3):531-544.
[9]SMITH J S.The Local Mean Decomposition and Its Application to EEG Perception Data[J].Journal of the Royal Society Interface,2015,2(5):443-454.
[10]GILLES J.Empirical Wavelet Transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,61(16):3999-4010.
[11]王祝,刘莉,龙腾,等.基于过滤器技术的约束粒子群优化算法[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(9):137-143.WANG Zhu,LIU Li,LONG Teng,et al.Constrained Particle Swarm Optimization Using the Filter Approach[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(9):137-143.
[12]CHEN P Y,SELESNICK I W.Translation-invariant Shrinkage/Thresholding of Group Sparse Signals[J].Signal Processing,2013,94(1):476-489.
[13]CHEN P Y,SELESNICK I W.Group-sparse Signal Denoising:Non-convex Regularization,Convex Optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,62(13):3464-3478.
[14]陈小旺,冯志鹏,LIANG Ming.基于迭代广义同步压缩变换的时变工况行星齿轮箱故障诊断[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):131-137.CHEN Xiaowang,FENG Zhipeng,LIANG Ming.Planetary Gearbox Fault Diagnosis under Timevariant Conditions Based on Iterative Generalized Synchro Squeezing Transform[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):131-137.
[2]FENG Z,QIN S,LIANG M.Time-frequency Analysis Based on Vold-Kalman Filter and Higher Order Energy Separation for Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Planetary Gearbox under Nonstationary Conditions[J].Renewable Energy,2016,85:45-56.
[3]CANDèS E J,CHARLTON P R,HELGASON H.Detecting Highly Oscillatory Signals by Chirplet Path Pursuit[J].Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis,2008,24(1):14-40.
[4]李蓉,于德介,陈向民,等.基于线调频小波路径追踪算法与EEMD的齿轮箱复合故障诊断方法[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(3):51-56.LI Rong,YU Dejie,CHEN Xiangming,et al.A Compound Fault Diagnosis Method for Gearboxs Based on Chirplet Path Pursuit and EEMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(3):51-56.
[5]RODOPOULOS K,YIAKOPOULOS C,ANTONIADIS I.A Parametric Approach for the Estimation of the Instantaneous Speed of Rotating Machinery[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2014,44(1/2):31-46.
[6]郭瑜,秦树人,汤宝平,等.基于瞬时频率估计的旋转机械阶比跟踪[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(3):32-36.GUO Yu,QIN Shuren,TANG Baoping,et al.Order Tracking Method in Rotating Machinery Based on Instantaneous Frequency Estimation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(3):32-36.
[7]YU G,ZHOU Y.General Linear Chirplet Transform[J].Mechanical Systems&Signal Processing,2015,70:958-973.
[8]DRAGOMIRETSKIY K,ZOSSO D.Variational Mode Decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(3):531-544.
[9]SMITH J S.The Local Mean Decomposition and Its Application to EEG Perception Data[J].Journal of the Royal Society Interface,2015,2(5):443-454.
[10]GILLES J.Empirical Wavelet Transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,61(16):3999-4010.
[11]王祝,刘莉,龙腾,等.基于过滤器技术的约束粒子群优化算法[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(9):137-143.WANG Zhu,LIU Li,LONG Teng,et al.Constrained Particle Swarm Optimization Using the Filter Approach[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(9):137-143.
[12]CHEN P Y,SELESNICK I W.Translation-invariant Shrinkage/Thresholding of Group Sparse Signals[J].Signal Processing,2013,94(1):476-489.
[13]CHEN P Y,SELESNICK I W.Group-sparse Signal Denoising:Non-convex Regularization,Convex Optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,62(13):3464-3478.
[14]陈小旺,冯志鹏,LIANG Ming.基于迭代广义同步压缩变换的时变工况行星齿轮箱故障诊断[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):131-137.CHEN Xiaowang,FENG Zhipeng,LIANG Ming.Planetary Gearbox Fault Diagnosis under Timevariant Conditions Based on Iterative Generalized Synchro Squeezing Transform[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):131-137.