心智图在过敏性紫癜患儿主要照顾者负性情绪及疾病认知中的应用
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摘要
目的:探讨基于心智图的护理干预对过敏性紫癜患儿主要照顾者焦虑、抑郁情绪及疾病认知程度的影响。方法:选择68例过敏性紫癜患儿的主要照顾者,通过电脑随机数字生成器将其随机分为对照组和观察组,每组34例。对照组采用儿内科常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用心智图进行护理干预,干预时间为患儿的住院时长。采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及自制疾病认知度问卷对2组主要照顾者入院时、出院时的负性情绪及疾病认知程度进行评估。结果:入院时,2组主要照顾者SAS、SDS评分以及疾病认知程度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院时,2组主要照顾者的SAS及SDS评分均低于入院时,疾病认知程度均高于入院时(P<0.01),且观察组主要照顾者的SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组,疾病认知程度均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:基于心智图的护理干预能很好地降低过敏性紫癜患儿主要照顾者负性情绪并提高其疾病认知程度,值得在临床推广应用。
Objective:To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on mind map on anxiety,depression,and disease awareness of primary caregivers in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods:Sixty-eight primary caregivers of children with HSP were randomly divided into the observation group and control group according to a computerized random number generator(34 cases each group).The control group was nursed with routine nursing care,and the observation group was nursed with mind map-based nursing intervention on the basis of the control group during the hospitalization of children.The negative emotion and disease awareness of primary caregivers in two groups on admission and discharge were assessed using self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and disease awareness questionnaire.Results:There were no statistical significances in the scores of SAS and SDS,and disease awareness degree of primary caregivers between two groups on admission(P>0.05).The SAS and SDS scores of the primary caregivers in two groups at discharge were lower than those on admission,and the degree of disease awareness of the primary caregivers in two groups at discharge was higher than that on admission(P<0.01).At discharge,the SAS and SDS scores of the primary caregivers in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the degree of disease awareness of the primary caregivers in observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:The nursing intervention based on mind map can reduce the negative emotion,and improve the disease awareness of primary caregivers of children with HSP,which is worthy of promotion in clinic.
Objective:To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on mind map on anxiety,depression,and disease awareness of primary caregivers in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods:Sixty-eight primary caregivers of children with HSP were randomly divided into the observation group and control group according to a computerized random number generator(34 cases each group).The control group was nursed with routine nursing care,and the observation group was nursed with mind map-based nursing intervention on the basis of the control group during the hospitalization of children.The negative emotion and disease awareness of primary caregivers in two groups on admission and discharge were assessed using self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and disease awareness questionnaire.Results:There were no statistical significances in the scores of SAS and SDS,and disease awareness degree of primary caregivers between two groups on admission(P>0.05).The SAS and SDS scores of the primary caregivers in two groups at discharge were lower than those on admission,and the degree of disease awareness of the primary caregivers in two groups at discharge was higher than that on admission(P<0.01).At discharge,the SAS and SDS scores of the primary caregivers in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the degree of disease awareness of the primary caregivers in observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:The nursing intervention based on mind map can reduce the negative emotion,and improve the disease awareness of primary caregivers of children with HSP,which is worthy of promotion in clinic.
引文
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[2] 蔡冬雪,刘竹英,张赛容.家长综合干预在儿童过敏性紫癜性肾炎治疗中的效果观察[J].全科护理,2013,11(14):1251.
[3] 于莉薇,王洪智,吴怀兰,等.思维导图在急性心肌梗死患者心理护理中的应用[J].现代临床护理,2015,14(11):12.
[4] 张子颖,宋丽萍,王宝珠,等.思维导图在抑郁障碍病人心理咨询与治疗中的应用[J].护理研究,2010,24(19):1751.
[5] 邵敏.综合心理护理干预在乳腺癌术后患者中的应用[J].中国医药导刊,2015,17(5):89.
[6] 李莉,龙霖,官计,等.思维导图在社区类风湿关节炎患者健康教育中的应用[J].中华现代护理杂志,2012,18(24):958.
[7] 韦燕萍,高铭云,刘柳芳,等.基于思维导图的肿瘤患者PICC围置管期健康教育模式探讨[J].实用医学杂志,2015(8):1343.
[8] 谭玉婷,黄颖,罗志娟,等.思维导图用于0级糖尿病足患者健康教育效果探讨[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(11):92.
[9] 王虹,丁娟,余纯玉,等.思维导图在乳腺癌患者健康教育中的应用[J].护士进修杂志,2016,31(18):1707.
[10] 李莉,赵莉.思维导图在白血病患儿及其家长健康教育中的应用[J].重庆医学,2016,45(19):2727.
[11] 岳月娟.思维导图在国内健康教育中的应用现状与展望[J].护理研究,2016,30(34):4225.
[12] 冯蕊蕊,郑源强,韩新荣.思维导图在老年高血压患者健康教育中的应用[J].中国老年学杂志,2016,36(6):1524.
[13] 李佳,殷花,袁野.思维导图在肺结核患者标准化健康教育中的应用效果[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(6):560.
[14] 饶声隆,刘英,林琼,等.思维导图在肝硬化患者健康教育中的应用[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(21):94.
[15] 何逾祥.小儿过敏性紫癜临床诊断及治疗分析[J].中国现代药物应用,2017,11(7):142.
[16] 李可,杨艳.聚焦解决模式对肠造口患者主要照顾者的照顾负担及负性情绪的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(2):225.
[17] 苏茜,王维利.治疗性沟通系统在消化系统恶性肿瘤患者术前焦虑中的运用[J].中华护理杂志,2010,45(10):869.
[18] 宋江艳,王维利,李惠萍.治疗性沟通系统对肿瘤术后化疗伴发抑郁情绪患者的效果研究[J].中华护理杂志,2010,45(11):982.
[19] LEI WT,TSAI PL,CHU SH,et al.Incidence and risk factors for recurrent Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura in children from a 16-year nationwide database[J].Pediatr Rheumatol Online J,2018,16(1):25.
[20] 李翠红.过敏性紫癜患儿家长心理状态及其影响因素的分析研究[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(24):101.
[21] 张丽娟,范振崴,马佳,等.过敏性紫癜患儿照顾者心理感受的质性研究[J].中国实用护理杂志,2013,29(30):41.
[22] 王运华,薛晶,黄芳荣.老年患者心肌梗死健康知识与健康功能损失及情绪的相关性分析[J].护理学杂志,2015,30(7):29.
[23] 宿文渊.思维导图[M].汕头:汕头大学出版社,2016:15.
[24] 房永叶,霍爱霞,周莹.应用思维导图对中青年心肌梗死患者进行心理干预的效果评价[J].中国实用护理杂志,2013,29(27):34.
[25] 韩素芹.运用思维导图进行护患交流的探讨[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2010,19(20):2582.
[26] 李莉,胡定伟,敬雪明,等.思维导图在风湿科住院患者入院指导中的应用[J].护理学杂志,2011,26(9):73.
[27] 张璐,马玉贞.思维导图在PICC入院宣教中的应用[J].护理研究,2012,26(33):3123.
[28] 王娟,刘福忠,薛芬.为慢性心力衰竭患者采用思维导图进行出院指导的效果分析[J].当代医药论丛,2015,13(13):93.
[29] 谢春华,石叶,段小芳,等.思维导图在儿科住院患者家属出院指导中的应用[J].护士进修杂志,2013(23):2166.