关于在钾与负氢混合物中钾钙嬗变的检测（英文）
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摘要
报道了在室温下钾与负氢混合物中钾钙发生嬗变的现象,负氢是由NaBH_4、 LiBH_4和NH_3BH_3提供的.实验中的钾和钙的浓度分别用诱导耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)和诱导耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)进行检测. ICP-OES结果表明随着混合物中钾浓度的降低伴随着钙的浓度增加.此外ICP-MS结果还表明~(40)Ca浓度的增加伴随着~(41)K浓度的增加,可能表明在负氢存在的条件下混合物中~(40)Ca的生成与~(41)K物种有关.
Here, we report the transmutation of K-Ca under the negative hydrogen condition(NaBH_4, LiBH_4 and NH_3BH_3) at room temperature. In all reaction systems, the amount of K~+ and Ca~(2+) concentrations were monitored by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES) and inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) techniques. The ICP-OES test results showed that K~+ concentration was gradually decreasing, while the Ca~(2+) concentration was gradually increasing. In addition, by comparing the K and Ca concentrations and their isotopes from the ICP-MS results, we found the increase of ~(40)Ca concentration accompanied by the increasing concentration of ~(41)K in the presence of hydride under our "reaction" conditions, which implying ~(40)Ca formation correlated to ~(41)K.
Here, we report the transmutation of K-Ca under the negative hydrogen condition(NaBH_4, LiBH_4 and NH_3BH_3) at room temperature. In all reaction systems, the amount of K~+ and Ca~(2+) concentrations were monitored by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES) and inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) techniques. The ICP-OES test results showed that K~+ concentration was gradually decreasing, while the Ca~(2+) concentration was gradually increasing. In addition, by comparing the K and Ca concentrations and their isotopes from the ICP-MS results, we found the increase of ~(40)Ca concentration accompanied by the increasing concentration of ~(41)K in the presence of hydride under our "reaction" conditions, which implying ~(40)Ca formation correlated to ~(41)K.
引文
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[26] Chen Y, Gu W J, Pan H H, et al. Stabilizing amorphous calcium phosphate phase by citrate adsorption [J]. CrystEngComm, 2014, 16(10): 1864-1867.
[27] Qiu X C, Zhang Y S, Zhu Y Q. Spectrophotometric determination of exchangeable calcium in soils by chlorophosphonazo-mA [J]. Analyst, 1983, 108(1287): 754-757.
[28] Pravina P, Sayaji D, Avinash M. Calcium and its role in human body [J]. Int J Res Pharm Biomed Sci, 2013, 4(2): 659-668.
[29] Dougherty D P, Wright G A, Yew A C. Computational model of the cAMP-mediated sensory response and calcium-dependent adaptation in vertebrate olfactory receptor neurons [J]. Proc National Acad Sci, 2005, 102(30): 10415-10420.
[30] Ohsawa I, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K, et al. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals [J]. Nat Med, 2007, 13(6): 688-694.
[2] Lu Gong-xuan(吕功煊), Zhang Wen-yan(张文妍). Photocatalytic hydrogen evolutionand induced transmutation of potassium to calcium via low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) driven by visible light (可见光驱动的光催化产氢同时诱导低能核反应嬗变钾为钙) [J]. J Mol Catal (China) (分子催化), 2017, 31(5): 401-410.
[3] Lu Gong-xuan(吕功煊), Tian Bin(田彬). Formation of deuterium and helium during photocatalytic hydrogen ge- neration from water catalyzed by Pt-graphene sensitized with Br-dye under visible light irradiation (溴染料敏化担载Pt石墨烯催化可见光制氢、氘和氦) [J]. J Mol Catal (China) (分子催化), 2017, 31(2): 101-104.
[4] Badash L. Radium, Radioactivity, and the popularity of scientific discovery [J]. Proc Am Philos Soc, 1978, 122(3): 145-154.
[5] Howorth M. Pioneer research on the atom: Rutherford and soddy in a glorious chapter of science; the life story of Frederick Soddy [M], New World Publications, 1958.
[6] Trenn T J. The self-splitting atom: the history of the rut- herford-soddy collaboration[J]. London: Taylor & Francis, 1977, 42(58/60): 111-117.
[7] Lu Gong-xuan(吕功煊), Zhen Wen-long(甄文龙). Formation of deuterium and helium during photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water catalyzed by Pt-graphene sensitized with Br-dye under visible light irradiation (半导体CdS悬浮体系中可见光催化产氢同时生成氦-3和氦-4) [J]. J Mol Catal (China) (分子催化), 2017, 31(4): 299-304.
[8] Cockcroft J D, Walton E T S. Artificial production of fast protons (Reprinted from Nature, February 13, 1932) [J]. Nature, 1969, 224: 463.
[9] Henderson M C. The disintegration of lithium by protons of high energy [J]. Phys Rev, 1933, 43(2): 98-102.
[10] Paneth F A, Günyher P L. Chemical detection of artificial transmutation of elements [J]. Nature, 1933, 131: 652-653.
[11] Bush R P. Recovery of platinum group metals from high level radioactive waste [J]. Platinum Metals Rev, 1991, 35(4): 202-208.
[12] Guerra F. MLeone M. Robotti N, The discovery of artificial radioactivity [J] Phys Pers, 2012, 14(1): 33-58.
[13] Davis J R, Harmer D S, Hoffman K C. Search for neutrinos from the sun [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 1968, 20(21): 1205.
[14] Abazov A I, Anosov O L, Faizov E L, et al. Search for neutrinos from the Sun using the reaction Ga 71Ga(νe,e-)71 Ge [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 1991, 67(24): 3332.
[15] Kervran C L. Biological transmutations and modern phy- sics [J]. Publi Malo SA, Paris, 1982.
[16] Biberian J P. Biological transmutations: Historical perspective [J]. J Cond Matter Nucl Sci, 2012, 7: 11-15.
[17] Biberian J P. Biological transmutations [J]. Curr Sci, 2015, 108(4): 633-635.
[18] Kozima H, Hiroe K, Nomura M, et al. On the elemental transmutation in biological and chemical systems[J]. Cold Fusion, 1996, 16: 30.
[19] Vysotskii V I, Adamenko S V, Vysotskyy M V. Acceleration of low energy nuclear reactions by formation of correlated states of interacting particles in dynamical systems [J]. Ann Nucl Energy, 2013, 62: 618-625.
[20] Moawad E Y. Nuclear transmutation and cancer in the biological cell [J]. Int J Biochem Biophys, 2013, 1(1): 1-8.
[21] Timashev S F. Initiating nuclear-chemical transformations in native systems: Phenomenology [J]. Russ J Phys Chem A, 2016, 90(10): 2089-2095.
[22] Yukawa H, Sakata S, Taketani M. On the interaction of elementary particles. III [J]. Proce Phys-Mathe Soc Japan 3rd Series, 1938, 20: 319-340.
[23] Zhang X Q, Wang C W, Chen J B, et al. Enhancement of the field emission from the TiO2 nanotube arrays by reducing in a NaBH4 solution [J]. ACS Appl Mater Interf, 2014, 6(23): 20625-20633.
[24] Fano U. Penetration of protons, alpha particles, and mesons [J]. Annu Rev Nucl Sci, 1963, 13(1): 1-66.
[25] Afanasyev L G, Chvyrov A S, Gorchakov O E. et al. Observations of atoms consisting of π+ and π- mesons [J]. Phys Lett B, 1993, 308(1/2): 200-206.
[26] Chen Y, Gu W J, Pan H H, et al. Stabilizing amorphous calcium phosphate phase by citrate adsorption [J]. CrystEngComm, 2014, 16(10): 1864-1867.
[27] Qiu X C, Zhang Y S, Zhu Y Q. Spectrophotometric determination of exchangeable calcium in soils by chlorophosphonazo-mA [J]. Analyst, 1983, 108(1287): 754-757.
[28] Pravina P, Sayaji D, Avinash M. Calcium and its role in human body [J]. Int J Res Pharm Biomed Sci, 2013, 4(2): 659-668.
[29] Dougherty D P, Wright G A, Yew A C. Computational model of the cAMP-mediated sensory response and calcium-dependent adaptation in vertebrate olfactory receptor neurons [J]. Proc National Acad Sci, 2005, 102(30): 10415-10420.
[30] Ohsawa I, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K, et al. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals [J]. Nat Med, 2007, 13(6): 688-694.