Transcriptional changes in mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissue from Holstein cows in response to plane of dietary energy
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摘要
Background: Dairy cows can readily overconsume dietary energy during most of the prepartum period, often leading to higher prepartal concentrations of insulin and glucose and excessive body fat deposition. The end result of these physiologic changes is greater adipose tissue lipolysis post-partum coupled with excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and compromised health. Although transcriptional regulation of the adipose response to energy availability is well established in non-ruminants, such regulation in cow adipose tissue depots remains poorly characterized.Results: Effects of ad-libitum access to high [HIGH; 1.62 Mcal/kg of dry matter(DM)] or adequate(CON; 1.35 Mcal/kg of DM) dietary energy for 8 wk on mesenteric(MAT) and subcutaneous(SAT) adipose tissue transcript profiles were assessed in non-pregnant non-lactating Holstein dairy cows using a 13,000-sequence annotated bovine oligonucleotide microarray. Statistical analysis revealed 409 and 310 differentially expressed genes(DEG) due to tissue and diet. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using the Dynamic Impact Approach(DIA) with the KEGG pathway database. Compared with SAT, MAT had more active biological processes related to adipose tissue accumulation(adiponectin secretion) and signs of pro-inflammatory processes due to adipose tissue expansion and macrophage infiltration(generation of ceramides). Feeding the HIGH diet led to changes in m RNA expression of genes associated with cell hypertrophy(regucalcin), activation of adipogenesis(phospholipid phosphatase 1),insulin signaling activation(neuraminidase 1) and angiogenesis(semaphorin 4 G, plexin B1). Further, inflammation due to HIGH was underscored by m RNA expression changes associated with oxidative stress response(coenzyme Q3, methyltransferase), ceramide synthesis(N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1), and insulin signaling(interferon regulatory factor 1, phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1, retinoic acid receptor alpha). Activation of ribosome in cows fed HIGH indicated the existence of greater adipocyte growth rate(M-phase phosphoprotein 10,NMD3 ribosome export adaptor).Conclusions: The data indicate that long-term ad-libitum access to a higher-energy diet led to transcriptional changes in adipose tissue that stimulated hypertrophy and the activity of pathways associated with a slight but chronic inflammatory response. Further studies would be helpful in determining the extent to which m RNA results also occur at the protein level.
Background: Dairy cows can readily overconsume dietary energy during most of the prepartum period, often leading to higher prepartal concentrations of insulin and glucose and excessive body fat deposition. The end result of these physiologic changes is greater adipose tissue lipolysis post-partum coupled with excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and compromised health. Although transcriptional regulation of the adipose response to energy availability is well established in non-ruminants, such regulation in cow adipose tissue depots remains poorly characterized.Results: Effects of ad-libitum access to high [HIGH; 1.62 Mcal/kg of dry matter(DM)] or adequate(CON; 1.35 Mcal/kg of DM) dietary energy for 8 wk on mesenteric(MAT) and subcutaneous(SAT) adipose tissue transcript profiles were assessed in non-pregnant non-lactating Holstein dairy cows using a 13,000-sequence annotated bovine oligonucleotide microarray. Statistical analysis revealed 409 and 310 differentially expressed genes(DEG) due to tissue and diet. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using the Dynamic Impact Approach(DIA) with the KEGG pathway database. Compared with SAT, MAT had more active biological processes related to adipose tissue accumulation(adiponectin secretion) and signs of pro-inflammatory processes due to adipose tissue expansion and macrophage infiltration(generation of ceramides). Feeding the HIGH diet led to changes in m RNA expression of genes associated with cell hypertrophy(regucalcin), activation of adipogenesis(phospholipid phosphatase 1),insulin signaling activation(neuraminidase 1) and angiogenesis(semaphorin 4 G, plexin B1). Further, inflammation due to HIGH was underscored by m RNA expression changes associated with oxidative stress response(coenzyme Q3, methyltransferase), ceramide synthesis(N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1), and insulin signaling(interferon regulatory factor 1, phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1, retinoic acid receptor alpha). Activation of ribosome in cows fed HIGH indicated the existence of greater adipocyte growth rate(M-phase phosphoprotein 10,NMD3 ribosome export adaptor).Conclusions: The data indicate that long-term ad-libitum access to a higher-energy diet led to transcriptional changes in adipose tissue that stimulated hypertrophy and the activity of pathways associated with a slight but chronic inflammatory response. Further studies would be helpful in determining the extent to which m RNA results also occur at the protein level.
Background: Dairy cows can readily overconsume dietary energy during most of the prepartum period, often leading to higher prepartal concentrations of insulin and glucose and excessive body fat deposition. The end result of these physiologic changes is greater adipose tissue lipolysis post-partum coupled with excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and compromised health. Although transcriptional regulation of the adipose response to energy availability is well established in non-ruminants, such regulation in cow adipose tissue depots remains poorly characterized.Results: Effects of ad-libitum access to high [HIGH; 1.62 Mcal/kg of dry matter(DM)] or adequate(CON; 1.35 Mcal/kg of DM) dietary energy for 8 wk on mesenteric(MAT) and subcutaneous(SAT) adipose tissue transcript profiles were assessed in non-pregnant non-lactating Holstein dairy cows using a 13,000-sequence annotated bovine oligonucleotide microarray. Statistical analysis revealed 409 and 310 differentially expressed genes(DEG) due to tissue and diet. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using the Dynamic Impact Approach(DIA) with the KEGG pathway database. Compared with SAT, MAT had more active biological processes related to adipose tissue accumulation(adiponectin secretion) and signs of pro-inflammatory processes due to adipose tissue expansion and macrophage infiltration(generation of ceramides). Feeding the HIGH diet led to changes in m RNA expression of genes associated with cell hypertrophy(regucalcin), activation of adipogenesis(phospholipid phosphatase 1),insulin signaling activation(neuraminidase 1) and angiogenesis(semaphorin 4 G, plexin B1). Further, inflammation due to HIGH was underscored by m RNA expression changes associated with oxidative stress response(coenzyme Q3, methyltransferase), ceramide synthesis(N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1), and insulin signaling(interferon regulatory factor 1, phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1, retinoic acid receptor alpha). Activation of ribosome in cows fed HIGH indicated the existence of greater adipocyte growth rate(M-phase phosphoprotein 10,NMD3 ribosome export adaptor).Conclusions: The data indicate that long-term ad-libitum access to a higher-energy diet led to transcriptional changes in adipose tissue that stimulated hypertrophy and the activity of pathways associated with a slight but chronic inflammatory response. Further studies would be helpful in determining the extent to which m RNA results also occur at the protein level.
引文
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2.Drackley JK,Wallace RL,Graugnard D,Vasquez J,Richards BF,Loor JJ.Visceral adipose tissue mass in nonlactating dairy cows fed diets differing in energy density.J Dairy Sci.2014;97(6):3420-30.
3.Dann HM,Litherland NB,Underwood JP,Bionaz M,D'Angelo A,Mc Fadden JW,et al.Diets during far-off and close-up dry periods affect periparturient metabolism and lactation in multiparous cows.J Dairy Sci.2006;89(9):3563-77.
4.Janovick NA,Boisclair YR,Drackley JK.Prepartum dietary energy intake affects metabolism and health during the periparturient period in primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows.J Dairy Sci.2011;94(3):1385-400.
5.Hauner H.The new concept of adipose tissue function.Physiol Behav.2004;83(4):653-8.
6.Ibrahim MM.Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue:structural and functional differences.Obes Rev.2010;11(1):11-8.
7.Ji P,Drackley JK,Khan MJ,Loor JJ.Inflammation-and lipid metabolismrelated gene network expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots of Holstein cows.J Dairy Sci.2014;97(6):3441-8.
8.Contreras GA,Thelen K,Schmidt SE,Strieder-Barboza C,Preseault CL,Raphael W,et al.Adipose tissue remodeling in late-lactation dairy cows during feed-restriction-induced negative energy balance.J Dairy Sci.2016;99(12):10009-21.
9.Akter SH,Haussler S,Germeroth D,von Soosten D,Danicke S,Sudekum KH,et al.Immunohistochemical characterization of phagocytic immune cell infiltration into different adipose tissue depots of dairy cows during early lactation.J Dairy Sci.2012;95(6):3032-44.
10.Contreras GA,Strieder-Barboza C,Raphael W.Adipose tissue lipolysis and remodeling during the transition period of dairy cows.J Anim Sci Biotechnol.2017;8:41.
11.Weisberg SP,Mc Cann D,Desai M,Rosenbaum M,Leibel RL,Ferrante AW Jr.Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue.JClin Invest.2003;112(12):1796-808.
12.Khan MJ,Hosseini A,Burrell S,Rocco SM,Mc Namara JP,Loor JJ.Change in subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism and gene network expression during the transition period in dairy cows,including differences due to sire genetic merit.J Dairy Sci.2013;96(4):2171-82.
13.Ji P,Drackley JK,Khan MJ,Loor JJ.Overfeeding energy upregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)gamma-controlled adipogenic and lipolytic gene networks but does not affect proinflammatory markers in visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots of Holstein cows.J Dairy Sci.2014;97(6):3431-40.
14.Wright IA,Russel AJF.Partition of fat,body composition and body condition score in mature cows.Anim Prod.1984;38:23-32.
15.Graugnard DE,Berger LL,Faulkner DB,Loor JJ.High-starch diets induce precocious adipogenic gene network up-regulation in longissimus lumborum of early-weaned Angus cattle.Br J Nutr.2010;103(7):953-63.
16.Loor JJ,Everts RE,Bionaz M,Dann HM,Morin DE,Oliveira R,et al.Nutritioninduced ketosis alters metabolic and signaling gene networks in liver of periparturient dairy cows.Physiol Genomics.2007;32(1):105-16.
17.Bionaz M,Loor JJ.Gene networks driving bovine milk fat synthesis during the lactation cycle.BMC Genomics.2008;9:366.
18.Bionaz M,Periasamy K,Rodriguez-Zas SL,Hurley WL,Loor JJ.A novel dynamic impact approach(DIA)for functional analysis of time-course omics studies:validation using the bovine mammary transcriptome.PLo S One.2012;7(3):e32455.
19.Moisa SJ,Shike DW,Graugnard DE,Rodriguez-Zas SL,Everts RE,Lewin HA,et al.Bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome dynamics during growth in angus cattle longissimus muscle.Bioinform Biol Insights.2013;7:253-70.
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