摘要
为了研究地下洞室高边墙上质点爆破振动规律并指导地下洞室开挖,以白鹤滩水电站地下洞室群开挖为背景,在右岸主变洞内进行爆破振动试验,然后利用LS-DYNA三维动力有限元软件对开挖过程进行数值模拟,分析了地下洞室高边墙上质点爆破振动速度随高程变化规律。结果表明:当地下洞室边墙高度为16.8 m时,在距离爆源区约70 m范围内,高边墙上质点与墙脚处相比,振动速度存在不同程度的放大效应,且放大效应出现分区。当爆心距R<30 m,放大作用随高差增大先增后减;当爆心距R在30~70 m范围内且为某一定值时,放大作用随高差的增大而增大;当爆心距R>70 m时,高差对洞室边墙上质点的影响不再明显。另外,萨道夫斯基公式在地下洞室高边墙上仍然适用,但是利用萨道夫斯基公式预测质点振动速度时,应当将测线布置在相应预测点的同一高程上。
In order to study the law of blasting vibration on the high side wall of underground cavern and guide the excavation of underground caverns,based on the excavation of the underground caverns of Baihetan hydropower station,blasting vibration testing was carried out to investigate the blasting vibration laws of high-sidewalls in the main transformer wall of the right bank.Then,the 3 D dynamic finite element software LS-DYNA was used to simulate the excavation process.The monitoring results and simulation results show that the attenuation of vibration velocity of particle at the height 16.8 m varies with elevation.Numerical simulation results also shows that there is a different degree of amplification effect on the vibration velocity of the high side wall and the foot wall in the range of about 70 m away from the source area,and the amplification effect appears partition.When the distance to blast source R<30 m,the amplification effect increases with the increasing of height difference,but then decreases;when the distance to blast source R is in the range of 30~75 m,the amplification effect increases with the height difference.When R>70 m,the effect of height difference on the wall is no longer obvious.In addition,the Sadowski formula is still applicable on the high-side wall of the underground cavern,but when using the Sadowski formula to predict the velocity of the particle,the line should be arranged at the same elevation of the corresponding forecast point.The analysis results can provide a reference for the vibration control of the large-span underground caverns.
引文
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