十五相永磁同步电机的驱动控制与容错运行
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摘要
为进一步提高多相电机系统的容错能力,该文提出一种3×5相永磁同步电机(PMSM),该电机绕组采用星形联结且三个中性点彼此独立结构,并对一相开路故障的五相绕组直接进行不降额的解耦控制与电流最优的滞环容错控制。首先,分析3×5相PMSM定子电压与磁链方程,并建立三dq轴矢量控制模型;其次,在一相绕组开路的容错运行条件下,比较五相六桥臂空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)容错控制与电流滞环容错控制的实现方式,并对两者的相电流进行谐波分析;最后,搭建基于FPGA的十五相永磁同步电机驱动控制实验平台,解决了多路PWM输出同步与PWM输出管脚数量受限的问题。仿真和实验结果证明了所建立的电机控制模型与容错控制理论分析的正确性。
In order to further improve the fault tolerance of multiphase motor systems,a starconnected 3×5 phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with three neutral points independent of each other was proposed.The decoupling control and the current optimal hysteresis fault-tolerant control were performed directly on the five-phase winding with one-phase open-circuit fault.Firstly,the stator voltage and flux equation of 3×5 phase PMSM were analyzed and the three dq axis vector control model was established.Secondly,Under the fault-tolerant condition of one phase open circuit,the implementation between the five-phase six-bridge arm space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) control and current hysteresis control was compared,and the phase current harmonics of the two were analyzed.Finally,FPGA-based fifteen-phase PMSM drive control and fault-tolerance experimental platform was established to solve multiple PWM output synchronization and port limitation issues.Simulation and experimental results verify the correctness of the established motor control model and theoretical analysis of fault-tolerant control.
In order to further improve the fault tolerance of multiphase motor systems,a starconnected 3×5 phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with three neutral points independent of each other was proposed.The decoupling control and the current optimal hysteresis fault-tolerant control were performed directly on the five-phase winding with one-phase open-circuit fault.Firstly,the stator voltage and flux equation of 3×5 phase PMSM were analyzed and the three dq axis vector control model was established.Secondly,Under the fault-tolerant condition of one phase open circuit,the implementation between the five-phase six-bridge arm space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) control and current hysteresis control was compared,and the phase current harmonics of the two were analyzed.Finally,FPGA-based fifteen-phase PMSM drive control and fault-tolerance experimental platform was established to solve multiple PWM output synchronization and port limitation issues.Simulation and experimental results verify the correctness of the established motor control model and theoretical analysis of fault-tolerant control.
引文
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[14]吴新振,王东,郭云珺,等.多相电机定子绕组组合模式对磁动势与参数的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(18):2944-2951.Wu Xinzhen,Wang Dong,Guo Yunjun,et al.Effect of stator winding combination modes for multiphase electric machines on MMFs and parameters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(18):2944-2951.
[15]Zhao Yifan,Lipo T A.Space vector PWM control of dual three-phase induction machine using vector space decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1995,31(5):1100-1109.
[16]Hyung-Min R,Jang-Hwan K,Seung-Ki S.Analysis of multiphase space vector pulse-width modulation based on multiple d-q spaces concept[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2005,20(6):1364-1371.
[17]黄进.p对极n相对称系统的变换理论[J].电工技术学报,1995,10(1):53-57.Huang Jin.Transformation theory for p-pair pole nphase symmetric system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,1995,10(1):53-57.
[18]Dwari S,Parsa L.Open-circuit fault tolerant control of five-phase permanent magnet motors with thirdharmonic back-EMF[C]//2008 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics,Orlando,FL,USA,2008:3114-3119.
[19]Dwari S,Parsa L.Optimal current waveforms for fivephase permanent magnet motor drives under opencircuit fault[C]//2018 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting-Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century,Pittsburgh,PA,USA,2008:1-5.
[20]赵品志,杨贵杰,李勇.五相永磁同步电动机单相开路故障的容错控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(24):68-76.Zhao Pinzhi,Yang Guijie,Li Yong.Fault-tolerant control strategy for five-phase permanent magnetic synchronous motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,201131(24):68-76.
[21]刘自程,郑泽东,彭凌,等.船舶电力推进中十五相感应电机同轴运行及容错控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):65-74.Liu Zicheng,Zheng Zedong,Peng Ling,et al.Fixed joint double fifteen-phase induction motor control and fault-tolerant control in ship propulsion system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):65-74.
[22]欧阳红林,周马山,童调生.多相永磁同步电动机不对称运行的矢量控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):149-154.Ouyang Honglin,Zhou Mashan,Tong Tiaosheng.Vector control of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor with asymmetric structure[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):149-154.
[23]郑晓钦,马伟明,王东,等.十五相感应电机不对称缺相容错运行控制[J].中国电机工程学报,201838(4):1212-1221.Zheng Xiaoqin,Ma Weiming,Wang Dong,et al.Fault-tolerant control of fifteen-phase induction machine under asymmetrical fault condition[J]Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1212-1221.
[24]高宏伟.五相永磁同步电机驱动及容错控制技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[25]徐浩.基于FPGA的十五相PMSM矢量控制系统的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.
[2]Levi E,Bojoi R,Profumo F,et al.Multiphase induction motor drives-a technology status review[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2007,1(4):489-516.
[3]Benatmane M,McCoy T.Development of a 19 MWPWM converter for US Navy surface ships[C]//in Proceedings of the International Conference on Electric,Istanbul,Turkey,1998:109-113.
[4]Villani M,Tursini M,Fabri G,et al.High reliability permanent magnet brushless motor drive for aircraft application[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(5):2073-2081.
[5]Wenping C,Mecrow B C,Atkinson G J,et al.Overview of electric motor technologies used for more electric aircraft(MEA)[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(9):3523-3531.
[6]Villani M,Tursini M,Fabri G,et al.Multi-phase fault tolerant drives for aircraft applications[C]//Electrical Systems for Aircraft,Railway and Ship Propulsion(ESARS),Bologna,Italy,2010:1-6.
[7]王琛琛,李永东.多电平变换器拓扑关系及新型拓扑[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(1):92-99.Wang Chenchen,Li Yongdong.Multilevel converter topologies and two novel topologies[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(1):92-99.
[8]Ji Shiji,Lu Ting,Zhao Zhengming,et al.Seriesconnected HV-IGBTs using active voltage balancing control with status feedback circuit[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(8):4165-4174
[9]卢峥,欧阳红林,孟超,等.多电平双Y移30°永磁同步电机的矢量控制系统[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(22):45-56.Lu Zheng,Ouyang Honglin,Meng Chao,et al.Vector control system of multilevel inverter double star winding shifted by 30°permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(22):45-56.
[10]刘自程,李永东,郑泽东.多相电机控制驱动技术研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(24):17-29.Liu Zicheng,Li Yongdong,Zheng Zedong.Control and drive techniques for multiphase machines:a review[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(24):17-29.
[11]王东,马伟明,郭云珺,等.基于非正弦供电方式的多相感应电动机建模[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(2):6-14.Wang Dong,Ma Weiming,Guo Yunjun,et al.Modelling of multiphase induction motor with nonsinusoidal supply[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(2):6-14.
[12]王东,吴新振,马伟明,等.非正弦供电十五相感应电机定子漏抗计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(6):41-47.Wang Dong,Wu Xinzhen,Ma Weiming,et al.Calculation of stator leakage reactances of fifteenphase induction motor with non-sinusoidal supply[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(6):41-47.
[13]王东,吴新振,郭云珺,等.非正弦供电十五相感应电机的电动势计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(9):129-137.Wang Dong,Wu Xinzhen,Guo Yunjun,et al.Electromotive force calculation of fifteen-phase induction motors with non-sinusoidal supply[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(9):129-137.
[14]吴新振,王东,郭云珺,等.多相电机定子绕组组合模式对磁动势与参数的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(18):2944-2951.Wu Xinzhen,Wang Dong,Guo Yunjun,et al.Effect of stator winding combination modes for multiphase electric machines on MMFs and parameters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(18):2944-2951.
[15]Zhao Yifan,Lipo T A.Space vector PWM control of dual three-phase induction machine using vector space decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1995,31(5):1100-1109.
[16]Hyung-Min R,Jang-Hwan K,Seung-Ki S.Analysis of multiphase space vector pulse-width modulation based on multiple d-q spaces concept[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2005,20(6):1364-1371.
[17]黄进.p对极n相对称系统的变换理论[J].电工技术学报,1995,10(1):53-57.Huang Jin.Transformation theory for p-pair pole nphase symmetric system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,1995,10(1):53-57.
[18]Dwari S,Parsa L.Open-circuit fault tolerant control of five-phase permanent magnet motors with thirdharmonic back-EMF[C]//2008 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics,Orlando,FL,USA,2008:3114-3119.
[19]Dwari S,Parsa L.Optimal current waveforms for fivephase permanent magnet motor drives under opencircuit fault[C]//2018 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting-Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century,Pittsburgh,PA,USA,2008:1-5.
[20]赵品志,杨贵杰,李勇.五相永磁同步电动机单相开路故障的容错控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(24):68-76.Zhao Pinzhi,Yang Guijie,Li Yong.Fault-tolerant control strategy for five-phase permanent magnetic synchronous motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,201131(24):68-76.
[21]刘自程,郑泽东,彭凌,等.船舶电力推进中十五相感应电机同轴运行及容错控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):65-74.Liu Zicheng,Zheng Zedong,Peng Ling,et al.Fixed joint double fifteen-phase induction motor control and fault-tolerant control in ship propulsion system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):65-74.
[22]欧阳红林,周马山,童调生.多相永磁同步电动机不对称运行的矢量控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):149-154.Ouyang Honglin,Zhou Mashan,Tong Tiaosheng.Vector control of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor with asymmetric structure[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):149-154.
[23]郑晓钦,马伟明,王东,等.十五相感应电机不对称缺相容错运行控制[J].中国电机工程学报,201838(4):1212-1221.Zheng Xiaoqin,Ma Weiming,Wang Dong,et al.Fault-tolerant control of fifteen-phase induction machine under asymmetrical fault condition[J]Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1212-1221.
[24]高宏伟.五相永磁同步电机驱动及容错控制技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[25]徐浩.基于FPGA的十五相PMSM矢量控制系统的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.