添加松香和淀粉对铁基合金粉末激光成形试样组织和力学性能的影响
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摘要
利用5 kW横流CO_2激光器在基材上分别成形未包覆和包覆松香、淀粉双层微膜的铁基合金粉末试样,并通过试验研究它们的元素含量、显微组织和力学性能。研究表明,松香、淀粉双层微膜在激光熔池中气化燃烧形成暂态还原性保护气氛,使成形粉末的氧化烧损减少。双层微膜包覆粉末试样中Cr、 Ni、Si含量比未包覆粉末试样平均增加0.12%,C、B含量比未包覆粉末试样平均增加0.015%。相较于未包覆粉末试样,双层微膜包覆粉末试样气孔、夹渣等缺陷较少,成形试样的质量更好。松香、淀粉双层微膜包覆粉末试样的平均洛氏硬度、平均抗拉强度分别为56.12HRC、1 847 MPa,比未包覆粉末试样提高了4.7%、16.2%。
There were two types of specimens formed on steel substrate in experiment by using a 5 kW cross-flow CO_2 laser. One was the net iron-based alloy powder sample, while the other was a sample of the rosin and starch double-layer micro-membrane coated iron-based alloy powder. The composite, microstructure and mechanical properties of those two types of test specimens were then investigated experimentally. It suggested that the rosin and starch double-layered micro-membrane was gasified and burnt in the laser weld pool. Along with that transient reductive atmosphere formed. This atmosphere then protected the formed powder from reducing loss caused by oxygen oxidation. The rate of Cr, Ni, and Si in the micro-membrane coated powder sample increase by an average of 0.12% compared with that of the net powder sample and the content of C and B rate were also increased by an average of 0.015% compared with that of the net powder specimen. Furthermore, the porosity and slag inclusion of the micro-membrane coated powder sample are reduced which rendered an improvement in the quality of the formed sample. The ave-rage Rockwell hardness and average tensile strength of the rosin and starch double-layer micro-film coated powder samples are 56.12 HRC and 1 847 MPa, respectively, which are 4.7% and 16.2% higher than uncoated powder samples, respectively.
There were two types of specimens formed on steel substrate in experiment by using a 5 kW cross-flow CO_2 laser. One was the net iron-based alloy powder sample, while the other was a sample of the rosin and starch double-layer micro-membrane coated iron-based alloy powder. The composite, microstructure and mechanical properties of those two types of test specimens were then investigated experimentally. It suggested that the rosin and starch double-layered micro-membrane was gasified and burnt in the laser weld pool. Along with that transient reductive atmosphere formed. This atmosphere then protected the formed powder from reducing loss caused by oxygen oxidation. The rate of Cr, Ni, and Si in the micro-membrane coated powder sample increase by an average of 0.12% compared with that of the net powder sample and the content of C and B rate were also increased by an average of 0.015% compared with that of the net powder specimen. Furthermore, the porosity and slag inclusion of the micro-membrane coated powder sample are reduced which rendered an improvement in the quality of the formed sample. The ave-rage Rockwell hardness and average tensile strength of the rosin and starch double-layer micro-film coated powder samples are 56.12 HRC and 1 847 MPa, respectively, which are 4.7% and 16.2% higher than uncoated powder samples, respectively.
引文
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3 Xi M Z,Liu J B,Zhao Y,et al.Chinese Journal of Lasers,2016,43(2),51(in Chinese).席明哲,刘静波,赵毅,等.中国激光,2016,43(2),51.
4 Li S,Zeng X Y,Hu Q W.Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2008,29(7),101(in Chinese).李胜,曾晓雁,胡乾午.焊接学报,2008,29(7),101.
5 Zhang X D,Dong S Y,Wang Z J,et al.Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2010,31(2),75(in Chinese).张晓东,董世运,王志坚,等.焊接学报,2010,31(2),75.
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8 Zhang C H,Liu J,Wu C L,et al.Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2015,36(1),19(in Chinese).张春华,刘杰,吴臣亮,等.焊接学报,2015,36(1),19.
9 Feng H,Li J F,Sun J.Chinese Journal of Lasers,2014,41(8),80(in Chinese).封慧,李剑峰,孙杰.中国激光,2014,41(8),80.
10 Zhang W,Yao J H,Zhang L C.Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(1),142(in Chinese).张伟,姚建华,张利春.复合材料学报,2017,34(1),142.
11 Nie B Y,Yao C W.Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2013,34(1),85(in Chinese).聂斌英,姚成武.焊接学报,2013,34(1),85.
12 He Y W.Study on microstructure and properties of laser forming sample of alloy powder coated by organic.Master’s Thesis,University of South China,China,2016(in Chinese).贺沅玮.有机物包覆合金粉末及其激光成形件组织与性能研究.硕士学位论文,南华大学,2016.
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14 Yang Y L,Liu C S,Zhang D,et al.Journal of Northeastern University (Nature Science),2007,28(9),1289(in Chinese).杨玉玲,刘常升,张多,等.东北大学学报(自然科学版),2007,28(9),1289.
15 Laeng J,Stewart J G,Liou F W.International Journal of Production Research,2000,38(16),3973.
16 邱长军,贺沅玮,等.中国专利,CN105081313B,2015.
17 Liu W,Zhang Y,Chen Y,et al.Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2015,36(5),73(in Chinese).刘武,张彦,陈勇,等.焊接学报,2015,36(5),73.
18 Sun Y J,Li S N,Shang Y,et al.Journal of Materials Science & Engineering,2013,31(1),34(in Chinese).孙跃军,李思南,尚勇,等.材料科学与工程学报,2013,31(1),34.
19 Yang W Y,Dong R F,Gao F,et al.Iron & Steel,2015,50(2),76(in Chinese).杨维宇,董瑞峰,高峰,等.钢铁,2015,50(2),76.