高精度太阳方位跟踪系统设计与实现
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摘要
针对目前太阳能跟踪系统抗干扰能力差、跟踪精度低等问题,设计了一种基于GPS和二维位置光敏探测器(PSD)的高精度太阳位置跟踪系统。该系统以STM32处理器为控制器,依据改进型PSD传感器和GPS模块,将太阳运动轨迹粗略跟踪方式与PSD精确对准跟踪有效融合,改进了太阳方位跟踪算法,并对安装误差进行补偿。实验结果表明,该跟踪系统能够完成太阳方位和高度两个自由度跟踪,实现太阳能电池板与太阳方位对准。该系统运行稳定、跟踪精度高,可以有效提高太阳能的利用效率。
As to the issue of poor immunity and poor tracking accuracy in current solar tracking system,a high precision solar tracking system based on GPS and two-dimension PSD was proposed.The system use STM32 processor as controller,and effectively combines the rough tracking of fixed trajectory with the accurate ray alignment based on improved PSD and GPS data.It improved solar tracking algorithm,and compensation for installation errors.The experiments results show that the solar tracking system can achieve two freedoms tracking of azimuth and zenith,and can realize alignment between solar ray and solar panels.The tracking system is stable and accurate,and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy.
As to the issue of poor immunity and poor tracking accuracy in current solar tracking system,a high precision solar tracking system based on GPS and two-dimension PSD was proposed.The system use STM32 processor as controller,and effectively combines the rough tracking of fixed trajectory with the accurate ray alignment based on improved PSD and GPS data.It improved solar tracking algorithm,and compensation for installation errors.The experiments results show that the solar tracking system can achieve two freedoms tracking of azimuth and zenith,and can realize alignment between solar ray and solar panels.The tracking system is stable and accurate,and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy.
引文
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1丁天怀,毕研刚,王鹏.基于CMOS APS的微型数字式太阳敏感器[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2008,48(2):203-206.
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7邹建,姬兴,杜海涛.一种新型的太阳自动跟踪系统研究[J].光电子技术.201 0,30(03):159-163.
8王锋,张忠远.太阳光自动跟踪装置的研发[J].控制工程,2011,18(6):1009-1011.
9马逊,王平.塔式太阳能热发电中定日镜无光线位置传感器跟踪控制及误差消除[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(5):816-820.
13王俊,王吴,应鹏,等.四象限差动式模拟太阳敏感器设计[J].传感技术学报,2012,25(12):1659-1663.
14戴亦宗,赵德安.基于模糊控制的太阳能追光系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2012,(9):66-68.
15王秀青,徐德,谭民,等.一种基于四象限光电探测器的对准新方法[J].传感器与微系统,2006,25(7):11-14.
2 Qrena R.Five new algorithms for the computation of sun position from 2010 to 2110.Solar Energy,2012,86(5):1323-1337.
3 Eke R,Senturk A.Performance comparison of a double-axis sun tracking versus fixed PV system.Solar Energy,2012,86(9):2665-2672.
4 Tianhuai D,Yangang B I,Peng W.Micro-digital sun sensor with CMOS APS.Journal of TSINGHUA University(Science and Technology),2008,48(2):203-206.
5 Fen X.Modeling and simulation of sun image formed by CSP heliostat.ACTA Energiae Solaris Sinica,2010,31(10):1304-1310.
6 Rizal Y,Wibowo S H,Feriyadi.Application of solar position algorithm for sun-tracking system.Energy Procedia,2013,32:160-165.
7 Jian Z,Xing J,Du Haitao.Research of a new automatic solar tracking system.Optoelectronic Technology,2010,30(3):159-163.
8 Feng W,Zhong Yuan Z.Solar automatic tracking device research and development.Control Engineering of China,2011,18(6):1009-1011.
9 Xun M,Ping W.Light-beam sensorless control of heliostats for tower type solar thermal power generation applications.Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(5):816-820.
10 Kittler R,Darula S.Determination of time and sun position system.Solar Energy,2013,93:72-79.
11 Guo M,Wang Z,Sun F.Simulations of reflected sun beam traces over a target plane for an azimuth-elevation tracking heliostat with fixed geometric error sources.Solar Energy,2013,97:102-111.
12 Grena R.An algorithm for the computation of the solar position.Solar Energy,2008,82(5):462-470.
13 Jun W,Hao W,Peng Y,et al.Design of four-quadrant analog sun Sensor.Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2012,25(12):1659-1663.
14 Yi Zong D,De-An Z.Sun-track system based on fuzzy control technology.Instrument Technique and Sensor,2012,(9):66-68.
15 Xiu-Qing W,De X U,Min T,et al.A novel alignment method based on the four-quadrant photo electric detector.Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2006,25(7):11-14.
1丁天怀,毕研刚,王鹏.基于CMOS APS的微型数字式太阳敏感器[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2008,48(2):203-206.
5许芬.塔式太阳能定日镜聚光成像建模及仿真[J].太阳能学报,2010,(10):1304-1310.
7邹建,姬兴,杜海涛.一种新型的太阳自动跟踪系统研究[J].光电子技术.201 0,30(03):159-163.
8王锋,张忠远.太阳光自动跟踪装置的研发[J].控制工程,2011,18(6):1009-1011.
9马逊,王平.塔式太阳能热发电中定日镜无光线位置传感器跟踪控制及误差消除[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(5):816-820.
13王俊,王吴,应鹏,等.四象限差动式模拟太阳敏感器设计[J].传感技术学报,2012,25(12):1659-1663.
14戴亦宗,赵德安.基于模糊控制的太阳能追光系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2012,(9):66-68.
15王秀青,徐德,谭民,等.一种基于四象限光电探测器的对准新方法[J].传感器与微系统,2006,25(7):11-14.