影响Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷力学性能的因素
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摘要
Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷是一种以TiC:、TiN或Ti(C,N)粉末作硬质相,添加WC、TaC、VC等难熔金属碳化物,并以Ni-Mo或Mo_2C作黏结剂的新型复合材料,主要用于刀具。与传统的WC硬质合金相比较,Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷具有更好的综合性能,但其断裂韧度和抗弯强度不足,限制了它的应用。影响Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧度等力学性能的因素主要为成分和粉末粒度,前者包括碳、氮和钼的含量,黏结剂镍和钴,碳化物及稀土元素。降低Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的脆性是有待解决的难题。今后将会开发出高性能、低成本的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷刀具,以满足制造业的需求。
Ti(C,N)-base cermet is a new type of composite which is fabricated by using TiC、TiN or Ti(C,N) as hard constituents,addition of high-melting metallic carbides such as WC,TaC and VC,and using Ni-Mo or Mo_2C as a binder,and is mainly used as cutting tools.The Ti(C,N)-base cermet has more good combination of properties than common WC cemented carbide,however,its application is limited because of insufficiently great bending strength and fracture toughness.The factors having influence on the mechanical properties such as hardness,bending strength and fracture toughness of the Ti(C,N)-base cermet deal chiefly with composition and powder size,the former including contents of carbon,nitrogen and molybdenum,binder(nickel and cobalt),carbides,and RE.The decreasing brittleness of the Ti(C,N)-base cermet is a difficult problem that remains to be solved.The cutting tools of Ti(C,N)-base cermet having high performance and less cost will be developed in future to meet the requirement of the manufacturing industry.
Ti(C,N)-base cermet is a new type of composite which is fabricated by using TiC、TiN or Ti(C,N) as hard constituents,addition of high-melting metallic carbides such as WC,TaC and VC,and using Ni-Mo or Mo_2C as a binder,and is mainly used as cutting tools.The Ti(C,N)-base cermet has more good combination of properties than common WC cemented carbide,however,its application is limited because of insufficiently great bending strength and fracture toughness.The factors having influence on the mechanical properties such as hardness,bending strength and fracture toughness of the Ti(C,N)-base cermet deal chiefly with composition and powder size,the former including contents of carbon,nitrogen and molybdenum,binder(nickel and cobalt),carbides,and RE.The decreasing brittleness of the Ti(C,N)-base cermet is a difficult problem that remains to be solved.The cutting tools of Ti(C,N)-base cermet having high performance and less cost will be developed in future to meet the requirement of the manufacturing industry.
引文
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[24]Li Y,Uu N,Zhang X B,et al.Effect of WC content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of(Ti,W)(C,N)-Co cermets[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Malerials,2008(26):33-40.
[25]Zhou S Z,Tan J H,Peng W Z,et al.Sintering technology of Ti(C,N)base cermets[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2009(19):s696-s700.
[26]Wang J,Liu Y,Zhang P,et al.Effect of VC and nano-TiC addition on the microstructure and properties of micrometer grade Ti(CN)-based cermets[J].Materials and Design,2009(30)-.2 222-2 226.
[27]Zhan B,Liu N,Jin Z B,et al.Effect of VC/Cr_3C_2 on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].ScienceDirect,2012(22):1096-1105.
[28]李鹏,胡耀波,熊惟皓,等.稀土元素Y对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2000(02):65-68.
[29]孙万昌,张佩,李攀,等.烧结工艺和Y203添加量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015(05):1 277-1 284.
[30]刘宁,黄新民,周杰,等.Er对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷结构和力学性能的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2000(01):72-76.
[31]李德凯.稀土添加TiC基金属陶瓷刀具研制及切削性能研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2014.
[32]曾德麟.粉末冶金材料[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1989.
[33]唐慧兰,刘宁,刘爱军,等.TiC粉末粒度对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织及性能的影响[J].热处理.2012,27(02):4I-45.
[34]徐伟,胡巍巍,刘宁,等.原始粉末粒度组合对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2011(02):88-92.
[35]Fang T H,Jian S R,Chu D S.Nanomechanical properties of TiC,TiN and TiCN thin films using scanning probe microscopy and nanoindentation[J].Applied Surface Science,2004,228(1),-365-372.
[36]Wang J,Liu Y,Zhang P,et al.Effect of VC and nano-TiC addition on the microstructure and properties of micrometer grade Ti(CN)-based cermets[J].Materials and Design,2009(30):2 222-2 226.
[37]Zheng Y,Xiong W H,Liu W J,et al.Effect of nano addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermels[J].Ceramics International,2005(31):165-170.
[2]Tracey V A.Nickel in hard metals[J].RM&HM,1992,11(1):137.
[3]Ehira M,Aegami.Mechanical properties and microstructure of submicron cermets[J].Int.Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,1995(13):313.
[4]Bolognini S,Feusier G,Mari D,et al.High temperature mechanical behavior of Ti(C,N)-Mo-Co cermets[J].Int.Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,1998(16):257.
[5]Zackrisson J,Andren H 0.Effect of carbon content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of(Ti,W,Ta,Mo)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)cermets[J].Int.Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,1999(17):265.
[6]D'Errico G E,Bugliosi S,Cuppini D,et al.A study of cermets'wears behavior[J].Wear,1997(203-204):242-246.
[7]Zheng Y,Liu W J,Wang S X,et al.Effect of carbon content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].Ceramics International,2004(30):2111-2115.
[8]刘学松.碳含量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006.
[9]刘学松,刘宁,叶景风,等.碳含量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2005,04:236-240.
[10]Liu N,Liu X S,Zhang X B,et al.Effect of carbon content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of superfine Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].Materials Characterization,2008,59(10):1 440-1 446.
[11]Zhang Y X,Zheng Y,Zhong J,el al.Effect of carbon content and cooling mode on the microstructure and properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2009(27):1 009-1 013.
[12]Zhao Y J,Zheng Y,Zhou W,et al.Effect of carbon addition on the densification behavior,microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].Ceramics International,2016(42):5 487-5 496.
[13]周伟,郑勇,周斌,等.氮含量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织与磨粒磨损行为的影响[J].硬质合金,2012(04):197-202.
[14]Seyed M R,Kim J H,Kang S.Effect of nitrogen and secondary carbide on the microstructure and properties of(Ti 0.93 W 0.07)C-Ni cermets[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2014(44):123-128.
[15]Shi Z M,Zhang D Y,Chen S,et al.Effect of nitrogen content on microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013(568):68-72.
[16]Zhou S Q,Zhao W,Xiong W H.Microstructure and properties of the cermets based on Ti(C,N)[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2009(27):26-32.
[17]Li Y,Liu N,Zhang X B,et al.Effect of Mo addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-fine grade TiCTiN-WC-Mo_2C-Co cermets[J].Inter J Refra Met Hard Mater,2008,26(3):190-196.
[18]Guo Z X,Zhong H,Yang M,et al.Microstructure and properties of the Ti(C,N)-xMo2 C-Ni cermet/steel joint by a novel diffusion bonding method[J].Materials Characterization,2015(99):92-100.
[19]Zhang G P,Xiong W H,Yang Q Q,et al.Effect of Mo addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of(Ti,W)C solid solution based cermets[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2014(43):77-82.
[20]孙万昌,余晓林,张磊,等.烧结工艺和粘结相对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷微观组织的影响[J].热加工工艺,2013,08:1-5.
[21]张红芹.黏结相对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和切削性能的影响[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2009.
[22]Li Y X,Bai P K,Wang Y M,et al.Effect of Ni contents on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC-Ni cermets obtained by direct laser fabrication[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2009(27):552-555.
[23]Zhang S Y.Titanium carbonitride-based cermets;processes and properties.Mater Sci Eng A,1993(163):14-18.
[24]Li Y,Uu N,Zhang X B,et al.Effect of WC content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of(Ti,W)(C,N)-Co cermets[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Malerials,2008(26):33-40.
[25]Zhou S Z,Tan J H,Peng W Z,et al.Sintering technology of Ti(C,N)base cermets[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2009(19):s696-s700.
[26]Wang J,Liu Y,Zhang P,et al.Effect of VC and nano-TiC addition on the microstructure and properties of micrometer grade Ti(CN)-based cermets[J].Materials and Design,2009(30)-.2 222-2 226.
[27]Zhan B,Liu N,Jin Z B,et al.Effect of VC/Cr_3C_2 on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets[J].ScienceDirect,2012(22):1096-1105.
[28]李鹏,胡耀波,熊惟皓,等.稀土元素Y对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2000(02):65-68.
[29]孙万昌,张佩,李攀,等.烧结工艺和Y203添加量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015(05):1 277-1 284.
[30]刘宁,黄新民,周杰,等.Er对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷结构和力学性能的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2000(01):72-76.
[31]李德凯.稀土添加TiC基金属陶瓷刀具研制及切削性能研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2014.
[32]曾德麟.粉末冶金材料[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1989.
[33]唐慧兰,刘宁,刘爱军,等.TiC粉末粒度对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织及性能的影响[J].热处理.2012,27(02):4I-45.
[34]徐伟,胡巍巍,刘宁,等.原始粉末粒度组合对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2011(02):88-92.
[35]Fang T H,Jian S R,Chu D S.Nanomechanical properties of TiC,TiN and TiCN thin films using scanning probe microscopy and nanoindentation[J].Applied Surface Science,2004,228(1),-365-372.
[36]Wang J,Liu Y,Zhang P,et al.Effect of VC and nano-TiC addition on the microstructure and properties of micrometer grade Ti(CN)-based cermets[J].Materials and Design,2009(30):2 222-2 226.
[37]Zheng Y,Xiong W H,Liu W J,et al.Effect of nano addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermels[J].Ceramics International,2005(31):165-170.