叶轮流速系数对泵正反转性能参数比的影响
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摘要
为研究叶轮流速系数对离心泵反转作液力透平(PAT)泵工况和透平工况水力性能参数比的影响,采用renormalization group(RNG)k-ε湍流模型,通过计算流体动力学软件CFX计算了比转速为23～225的20个PAT叶轮单流道模型的流速系数,揭示了泵工况和透平工况流速系数的分布规律,建立了考虑流速系数的PAT泵工况与透平工况扬程比和流量比。结果表明:PAT透平工况叶轮流速系数大于泵工况。通过对不同比转速的6台工业PAT的外特性实验表明:与Stepanoff等提出的方法相比,考虑流速系数时PAT水力性能参数比与实验结果最为接近,其扬程比平均误差为5.38%,流量比平均误差为5.16%。该成果为PAT的选型设计和性能预测提供理论支撑。
In order to study the head ratio and flow rate ratio between pump and turbine mode of pump as turbine(PAT)based on the impeller velocity coefficient,20 single passage impellers with specific speed 23-225 were analyzed based on renormalization group(RNG)k-εsimulation by CFX.The distribution of velocity coefficient was revealed for pump mode and turbine mode,and new head ratio and flow rate ratio between pump and turbine mode based on impeller velocity coefficient were proposed.Results showed that the impeller velocity coefficient of turbine mode was higher than the pump mode.Then 6 industrial PATs were experimented in experiment rig,indicating the result by the this method had less error than the results of Stepanoff,et al.The average errors of head ratio and flow rate ratio were just5.38%and 5.16%,respectively.The study provides a theoretical basis for the selection and performance prediction of PAT.
In order to study the head ratio and flow rate ratio between pump and turbine mode of pump as turbine(PAT)based on the impeller velocity coefficient,20 single passage impellers with specific speed 23-225 were analyzed based on renormalization group(RNG)k-εsimulation by CFX.The distribution of velocity coefficient was revealed for pump mode and turbine mode,and new head ratio and flow rate ratio between pump and turbine mode based on impeller velocity coefficient were proposed.Results showed that the impeller velocity coefficient of turbine mode was higher than the pump mode.Then 6 industrial PATs were experimented in experiment rig,indicating the result by the this method had less error than the results of Stepanoff,et al.The average errors of head ratio and flow rate ratio were just5.38%and 5.16%,respectively.The study provides a theoretical basis for the selection and performance prediction of PAT.
引文
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[16]聂欣,张玉洲,张童伟,等.6种低雷诺数k-ε模型在三维附壁剪切流中的数值模拟与对比分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(20):1-8.NIE Xin,ZHANG Yuzhou,ZHANG Tongwei,et al.Comparative analysis and numerical simulation about six low Reynolds number k-εmodels in near-wall shear flow[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(20):1-8.(in Chinese)
[17]邵杰,李晓花,郭振江,等.不同湍流模型在管道流动数值模拟中的适用性研究[J].化工设备与管道,2016,53(4):66-71.SHAO Jie,LI Xiaohua,GUO Zhenjiang,et al.Research of application of several turbulence models in numerical simulation for flow in pipeline[J].Process Equipment and Piping,2016,53(4):66-71.(in Chinese)
[18] SHANKAR V.Stability of fluid flow through deformable tubes and channels:an overview[J].Sadhana,2015,40(3):925-943.
[19]王晓晖,杨军虎,夏正廷,等.泵反转液力透平速度滑移的计算与分析[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(9):64-68.WANG Xiaohui,YANG Junhu,XIA Zhengting,et al.Calculation and analysis on velocity slip of pump as turbine[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,45(9):64-68.(in Chinese)
[20]魏清顺,刘在伦.基于CFD的离心泵浮动叶轮平衡腔压力数值分析与验证[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(14):103-108.WEI Qingshun,LIU Zailun.Numerical analysis and validation of floating impeller balance chamber pressure in centrifugal pump based on CFD[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(14):103-108.(in Chinese)
[21]李晓俊,袁寿其,潘中永,等.离心泵边界层网格的实现及应用评价[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(20):67-72.LI Xiaojun,YUAN Shouqi,PAN Zhongyong,et al.Realization and application evaluation of near-wall mesh in centrifugal pumps[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(20):67-72.(in Chinese)
[22] TRACEY L,PAUL C,AONGHUS M.Pump-as-turbine:characterization as an energy recovery device for the water distribution network[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2017,143(8):04017020.1-04017020.10.
[2]杨孙圣,孔繁余,宿向辉,等.泵及泵用作透平时的数值模拟与外特性实验[J].西安交通大学学报,2012,46(3):36-41.YANG Sunsheng,KONG Fanyu,SU Xianghui,et al.Numerical simulation and performance experiment on pump and pump as turbine[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2012,46(3):36-41.(in Chinese)
[3]苗森春,杨军虎,王晓晖,等.基于神经网络-遗传算法的液力透平叶片型线优化[J].航空动力学报,2015,30(8):1918-1925.MIAO Senchun,YANG Junhu,WANG Xiaohui,et al.Blade pattern optimization of the hydraulic turbine based on neural network and genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2015,30(8):1918-1925.(in Chinese)
[4]关醒凡.现代泵理论与设计[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2011.
[5] VENTRONE G,ARDIZZON G,PAVESI G.Direct and reverse flow conditions in radial flow hydraulic turbomachines[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,2000,214(6):635-644.
[6]史广泰,杨军虎,苗森春.离心泵用作液力透平叶轮出口滑移系数的计算方法[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(13):68-77.SHI Guangtai,YANG Junhu,MIAO Senchun.Analytical methods and verification for determining slip factor at impeller outlet of centrifugal pumps as turbines[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(13):68-77.(in Chinese)
[7] JAIN S,SWARNKAR A,MOTWANI K,et al.Effects of impeller diameter and rotational speed on performance of pump running in turbine mode[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2015,89(4):808-824.
[8] GIOSIO D,HENDERSON A,WAIKER J,et al.Design and performance evaluation of pump-as-turbine microhydro test facility with incorporated inlet flow control[J].Renewable Energy,2015,78(1):1-6.
[9] WANG Xiaohui,YANG Junhu,SHI Fengxia,et al.Theoretical and numerical study of performance prediction of centrifugal pump as turbine[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,444/445:579-587.
[10] BUONO D,FROSINA E,MAZZONE A,et al.Study of a pump as turbine for a hydraulic urban network using a tridimensional CFD modeling methodogy[J].Energy Procedia,2015,82(12):201-208.
[11] SINGH P,NESTMANN F.A consolidated model for the turbine operation of centrifugal pumps[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power,2011,133(6):1-9.
[12] DERAKHSHAN S,NOURBAKHSH A.Theoretical,numerical and experimental investigation of centrifugal pumps in reverse operation[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2008,32(8):1620-1627.
[13] WILLIAMS A A.The turbine performance of centrifugal pumps:a comparison of prediction methods[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers:Part A Journal of Power and Energy,1994,208(1):59-66.
[14]史广泰,杨军虎,刘小兵,等.导叶对液力透平机组工作稳定性的影响[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(4):609-615.SHI Guangtai,YANG Junhu,LIU Xiaobing,et al.Effect of guide vane on the stability of a set of hydraulic turbine runs[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2016,29(4):609-615.(in Chinese)
[15]张俊婷,杜秀丽,徐磊.基于CFD的管道流动局部水头损失系数的数值计算[J].太原科技大学学报,2016,37(4):328-331.ZHANG Junting,DU Xiuli,XU Lei.Numerical calculation of local head loss factor on pipe flow based on CFD[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,2016,37(4):328-331.(in Chinese)
[16]聂欣,张玉洲,张童伟,等.6种低雷诺数k-ε模型在三维附壁剪切流中的数值模拟与对比分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(20):1-8.NIE Xin,ZHANG Yuzhou,ZHANG Tongwei,et al.Comparative analysis and numerical simulation about six low Reynolds number k-εmodels in near-wall shear flow[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(20):1-8.(in Chinese)
[17]邵杰,李晓花,郭振江,等.不同湍流模型在管道流动数值模拟中的适用性研究[J].化工设备与管道,2016,53(4):66-71.SHAO Jie,LI Xiaohua,GUO Zhenjiang,et al.Research of application of several turbulence models in numerical simulation for flow in pipeline[J].Process Equipment and Piping,2016,53(4):66-71.(in Chinese)
[18] SHANKAR V.Stability of fluid flow through deformable tubes and channels:an overview[J].Sadhana,2015,40(3):925-943.
[19]王晓晖,杨军虎,夏正廷,等.泵反转液力透平速度滑移的计算与分析[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(9):64-68.WANG Xiaohui,YANG Junhu,XIA Zhengting,et al.Calculation and analysis on velocity slip of pump as turbine[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,45(9):64-68.(in Chinese)
[20]魏清顺,刘在伦.基于CFD的离心泵浮动叶轮平衡腔压力数值分析与验证[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(14):103-108.WEI Qingshun,LIU Zailun.Numerical analysis and validation of floating impeller balance chamber pressure in centrifugal pump based on CFD[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(14):103-108.(in Chinese)
[21]李晓俊,袁寿其,潘中永,等.离心泵边界层网格的实现及应用评价[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(20):67-72.LI Xiaojun,YUAN Shouqi,PAN Zhongyong,et al.Realization and application evaluation of near-wall mesh in centrifugal pumps[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(20):67-72.(in Chinese)
[22] TRACEY L,PAUL C,AONGHUS M.Pump-as-turbine:characterization as an energy recovery device for the water distribution network[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2017,143(8):04017020.1-04017020.10.