基于TRNSYS模拟的太阳能复合式供热系统的研究
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摘要
为满足村镇居民的冬季采暖需求,充分利用农村地区清洁可再生能源,提出一种针对农村单体式住宅的太阳能复合式供热系统方案,从而为农村用户提供全年的生活热水和进行冬季供暖。具体方法为:1)对供热系统进行理论分析,包括住宅供热负荷的计算、太阳能集热器面积、水箱容积的数学模型的建立等;2)选取济南市某100 m~2单体式农宅,按照济南市面积指标法及设计小时耗热量分别对农宅的冬季采暖负荷和热水耗热量进行计算,根据计算出来的用户耗热量在TRNSYS软件中建立太阳能复合式供热系统,并利用TRNSYS软件中的温差控制器(使供水温度贴近地板辐射采暖)等部件对太阳能集热器面积与水箱容积之间的关系进行相关模拟。当太阳能集热器面积一定时,可优先选用集热器面积和蓄热水箱容积之比(Vt/As)为75 L/m~2时所对应的水箱体积;在采暖季,当Vt/As值在20~100 L/m~2之间变化时,太阳能保证率保持在25%~28.5%,其值变化不大。
In order to meet the heating needs of rural residents in winter and make full use of the clean and renewable energy sources in rural areas,a composite solar heating system scheme for rural isolated buildings was proposed. This system will be able to offer rural users with hot water throughout the year,and supply heating source for users in winter. The specific methods are as follows:1) The heating system is theoretically analyzed,including the calculation of the heating load of the residential building,and the establishment of mathematical model of solar collector area and volume of water tank,etc. 2) A rural isolated building with an area of 100 m~2 in Jinan was selected. According to the area index method of Jinan as well as the heat consumption of design hours,the heating load and hot water heat consumption of agricultural houses in winter are calculated,respectively. Then,according to the calculated heating energy consumption of the user,the solar compound heating system is established using TRNSYS software,and the relation between the area of the solar collector and the volume of the water tank is simulated. Here,we used the temperature difference controller inside the TRNSYS software to control the user-side water supply temperature so that the water supply temperature meets the heating requirements of low-temperature floor radiation. Finally,it is found that when the solar collector area is constant,the ratio of collector area to storage tank volume should be chosen as the corresponding water tank volume for 75 L/m~2,and in the heating season,when the Vt/As value varies between 20 L/m2~ 100 L/m~2,the ratio of collector area to storage tank volume will be chosen as the corresponding water tank volume. The solar energy guarantee rate is kept at 25%~28. 5%,and its value does not change much. The solar compound heating system can not only meet the winter heating requirements of rural single-family houses and the domestic hot water demand for the whole year,but also obtain better energy-saving effects and good economic benefits after a certain optimization.
In order to meet the heating needs of rural residents in winter and make full use of the clean and renewable energy sources in rural areas,a composite solar heating system scheme for rural isolated buildings was proposed. This system will be able to offer rural users with hot water throughout the year,and supply heating source for users in winter. The specific methods are as follows:1) The heating system is theoretically analyzed,including the calculation of the heating load of the residential building,and the establishment of mathematical model of solar collector area and volume of water tank,etc. 2) A rural isolated building with an area of 100 m~2 in Jinan was selected. According to the area index method of Jinan as well as the heat consumption of design hours,the heating load and hot water heat consumption of agricultural houses in winter are calculated,respectively. Then,according to the calculated heating energy consumption of the user,the solar compound heating system is established using TRNSYS software,and the relation between the area of the solar collector and the volume of the water tank is simulated. Here,we used the temperature difference controller inside the TRNSYS software to control the user-side water supply temperature so that the water supply temperature meets the heating requirements of low-temperature floor radiation. Finally,it is found that when the solar collector area is constant,the ratio of collector area to storage tank volume should be chosen as the corresponding water tank volume for 75 L/m~2,and in the heating season,when the Vt/As value varies between 20 L/m2~ 100 L/m~2,the ratio of collector area to storage tank volume will be chosen as the corresponding water tank volume. The solar energy guarantee rate is kept at 25%~28. 5%,and its value does not change much. The solar compound heating system can not only meet the winter heating requirements of rural single-family houses and the domestic hot water demand for the whole year,but also obtain better energy-saving effects and good economic benefits after a certain optimization.
引文
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[9]林兴斌,潘毅群,黄治钟,等.基于TRNSYS的HVAC控制系统的仿真[J].建筑节能,2010,38(2):44-50.Lin Xingbin,Pan Yiqun,Huang Zhizhong,et al.Emulation of HVAC Control Systems Based on TRNSYS[J].Building Energy Efficiency,2010,38(2):44-50.(in Chinese)
[10]Shrivastava R L,Kumar V,Untawale S P.Modeling and Simulation of Solar Water Heater:a TRNSYS Perspective[J].Renew able&Sustainable Energy Review s,2017(67):126-143.
[11]刘剑.双水箱太阳能热水系统贮热水箱容积的比较研究[J].建筑节能,2017,(2):35-38.Liu Jian.Optimal Tank Volume Study on the Solar Hot Water System w ith Double Storage Tanks[J].Building Energy,2017,(2):35-38.(in Chinese)
[12]刘艳峰,王登甲.太阳能地面采暖系统蓄热水箱容积分析[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(12):1636-1639.Liu Yanfeng,Wang Dengjia.Volumetric Analysis of the Hot Water Storage Tank for Solar Heating System[J].Chinese Journal of Solar Energy,2009,30(12):1636-1639.(in Chinese)
[2]王飞,黄骏,单乐,等.太阳能集热器的研究进展[J].节能技术,2016,34(6):558-562.Wang Fei,Huang Jun,Shan Le,et al.Research Progress of Solar Collectors[J].Energy Conservation Technology,2016,34(6):558-562.(in Chinese)
[3]夏燚.双层相变蓄能地板辐射供冷暖空调系统构建及试验研究[D].南京:东南大学,2015.Xia Yi.Construction and Experimental Research of Double-layer Radiant Heating and Cooling Air-conditioning System with Phase Change Energystorage[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2015.(in Chinese)
[4]JGJ142—2012,辐射供暖供冷技术规程[S].JGJ142—2012,Technical Specification for Radiant Heating and Cooling[S].(in Chinese)
[5]孟范英.关于降低供暖设计热负荷的概述[J].区域供热,2015,(2):45-49.Meng Fanying.An Overview of Reducing Heat Loads in Heating Designs[J].Regional Heating,2015,(2):45-49.(in Chinese)
[6]国家住宅与居住环境工程技术研究中心.住宅建筑太阳能热水系统整合设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.National Research Center for Residential and Residential Environment Engineering Technology.Integrated Design of Solar Water Heating System for Residential Buildings[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[7]高立峰.新型平板太阳能集热器研制及与建筑一体化应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.Gao Lifeng.The Development of the New Type of Plate Solar Collector and the Building Integration Application Research[D].Jiannan:Shandong University,2013.(in Chinese)
[8]马文瑞.太阳能热泵供暖系统运行优化研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.M a Wenrui.Research on Operation Optimization of Solar Heat Pump Heating System[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
[9]林兴斌,潘毅群,黄治钟,等.基于TRNSYS的HVAC控制系统的仿真[J].建筑节能,2010,38(2):44-50.Lin Xingbin,Pan Yiqun,Huang Zhizhong,et al.Emulation of HVAC Control Systems Based on TRNSYS[J].Building Energy Efficiency,2010,38(2):44-50.(in Chinese)
[10]Shrivastava R L,Kumar V,Untawale S P.Modeling and Simulation of Solar Water Heater:a TRNSYS Perspective[J].Renew able&Sustainable Energy Review s,2017(67):126-143.
[11]刘剑.双水箱太阳能热水系统贮热水箱容积的比较研究[J].建筑节能,2017,(2):35-38.Liu Jian.Optimal Tank Volume Study on the Solar Hot Water System w ith Double Storage Tanks[J].Building Energy,2017,(2):35-38.(in Chinese)
[12]刘艳峰,王登甲.太阳能地面采暖系统蓄热水箱容积分析[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(12):1636-1639.Liu Yanfeng,Wang Dengjia.Volumetric Analysis of the Hot Water Storage Tank for Solar Heating System[J].Chinese Journal of Solar Energy,2009,30(12):1636-1639.(in Chinese)