波浪中舰船远程尾流区气泡运动研究
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摘要
为准确描述波浪中舰船远程尾流区气泡运动规律,分别建立了波浪中远程尾流场气泡质心运动和径向运动模型;并结合二维深水波模型,构建了波浪中尾流气泡运动耦合模型。采用变步长龙格库塔法进行数值求解,模拟得出波浪中尾流气泡的两个运动特征规律:(1)气泡在波浪中的上浮轨迹呈螺旋状,且气泡尺度越小,受波浪牵引作用越显著;(2)波浪的波长越短,波高越高,气泡在波浪传播方向的位移越大,但气泡的存留时间受波浪的影响很小。该模型考虑了真实海况中波浪对气泡运动的影响,可作为研究舰船尾流气泡运动特性及尾流场演化规律的理论基础。
To describe the bubble motion characteristics in the far wake of ships in the waves, the mass motion and radial motion models of bubbles have been built. Combined with the two-dimensional wave depth model, a model for transient and non-equilibrium mass transfer of wake bubbles in the waves is then developed. Two characteristics of wake bubble motion are concluded by numerical simulation with variable step Runge-kutta method. Firstly, the wake bubble rises along a spiraling track, and the tractive effort of waves will be more significant for smaller bubbles. Secondly, the bubble displacement along the direction of propagation of waves with shorter wavelength and greater wave height will be greater, whereas the bubble retention time will be less affected. In considering of the effects of waves on bubble motion under the real sea state, this coupling model is a theoretical basis for the research on the characteristics of wake bubbles and evolution laws of the ship wake.
To describe the bubble motion characteristics in the far wake of ships in the waves, the mass motion and radial motion models of bubbles have been built. Combined with the two-dimensional wave depth model, a model for transient and non-equilibrium mass transfer of wake bubbles in the waves is then developed. Two characteristics of wake bubble motion are concluded by numerical simulation with variable step Runge-kutta method. Firstly, the wake bubble rises along a spiraling track, and the tractive effort of waves will be more significant for smaller bubbles. Secondly, the bubble displacement along the direction of propagation of waves with shorter wavelength and greater wave height will be greater, whereas the bubble retention time will be less affected. In considering of the effects of waves on bubble motion under the real sea state, this coupling model is a theoretical basis for the research on the characteristics of wake bubbles and evolution laws of the ship wake.
引文
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[7]薛婷,孟欣东,张涛.气液两相流中气泡形态及运动特征参数提取[J].光电子.激光,2010,21(8):1218-1221.(XUE Ting,MENG Xindong,ZHANG Tao.Extraction of bubble shape and motion feature parameters in the gas-liquid two-phase flow[J].Journal of optoelectronics laser,2010,21(8):1218-1221(in Chinese)).
[8]ZHANG Aman,NI Baoyu.Influences of different forces on the bubble entrainment into a stationary Gaussian vortex[J].Science China(physics,mechanics&astronomy),2013,56(11):2162-2169.
[9]YIN Liaofei,JIA Li,GUAN Peng,et al.Evaporating momentum force and shear force on meniscuses of elongated bubble in microchannel flow boiling[J].Journal of thermal science,2014,23(2):160-168.
[10]李友荣,曾丹苓,吴双应.多孔介质对流干燥外部传热传质的非平衡热力学理论[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(1):5-8.(LI Yourong,ZENG Danling,WU Shuangying.Non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory of external heat and mass transfer during convective drying process in porous media[J].Journal of engineering thermophysics,2001,22(1):5-8(in Chinese)).
[11]黎爱兵,张立凤,臧增亮.有限区域求解流函数和速度势的迭代调整方法及其收敛性分析[J].应用数学和力学,2012,33(6):651-662.(LI Aibing,ZHANG Lifeng,ZANG Zengliang.Iterative and adjusting method for computing stream function and velocity potential in limited domains and its convergence analysis[J].Applied mathematics and mechanics,2012,33(6):651-662(in Chinese)).
[12]BRENN G,KOLOBARIC V,DURST F.Shape oscillations and path transition of bubbles rising in a model bubble column[J].Chemical engineering science,2006,61(12):3795-3805.
[13]田恒斗,金良安,迟卫.船舶远程尾流场中气泡上浮运动模型[J].船舶力学,2010,14(11):1195-1201.(TIAN Hengdou,JIN Liang’an,CHI Wei.Rising process model of bubble in the far wake of ship[J].Journal of ship mechanics,2010,14(11):1195-1201(in Chinese)).
[14]HAN Lei,YUAN Yeli.Bubble size distribution in surface wave breaking entraining process[J].Science in China(Series D:earth sciences),2007,50(11):1754-1760.
[15]TIEN Tsungmo,HUANG Chingjer,HSU Taiwen,et al.Bubble size distribution for waves propagating over a submerged breakwater[J].China ocean engineering,2008,22(2):227-240.
[2]马青山,陈亚林,郝保安,等.舰船远尾流场气泡特性研究[J].鱼雷技术,2014,22(4):311-315.(MA Qingshan,CHEN Yalin,HAO Baoan,et al.Study on bubble characteristics of ship farwake field[J].Torpedo technology,2014,22(4):311-315(in Chinese)).
[3]石晟玮,蒋兴舟,石敏,等.舰船尾流气泡运动特性研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2007,31(5):764-767.(SHI Shengwei,JANG Xingzhou,SHI Min,et al.Movement characteris tic of bubbles in ship wakes[J].Journal of Wuhan university of technology(transportation science&engineering),2007,31(5):764-767(in Chinese)).
[4]HUANG Chun,TENG Yuehui.A bubble population model in the analog ship wake[C]//Proceedings of 2015 International Industrial Informatics and Computer Engineering Conference(IIICEC2015).Paris:International Informatization and Engineering Associations,Atlantis Press,2015.
[5]金良安,张志友,苑志江,等.舰船尾流隐身技术的问题与对策思考[J].中国造船,2017,58(1):177-185.(JIN Liang’an,ZHANG Zhiyou,YUAN Zhijiang,et al.Problems in ship wake stealth technology and countermeasures[J].Shipbuilding of China,2017,58(1):177-185(in Chinese)).
[6]张志友,金良安,苑志江.舰船主机尾气抑制尾流技术可行性分析[J].船海工程,2017,46(2):188-191.(ZHANG Zhiyou,JIN Liang’an,YUAN Zhijiang.On the wake elimination technology via engine exhaust for warship[J].Ship&ocean engineering,2017,46(2):188-191(in Chinese)).
[7]薛婷,孟欣东,张涛.气液两相流中气泡形态及运动特征参数提取[J].光电子.激光,2010,21(8):1218-1221.(XUE Ting,MENG Xindong,ZHANG Tao.Extraction of bubble shape and motion feature parameters in the gas-liquid two-phase flow[J].Journal of optoelectronics laser,2010,21(8):1218-1221(in Chinese)).
[8]ZHANG Aman,NI Baoyu.Influences of different forces on the bubble entrainment into a stationary Gaussian vortex[J].Science China(physics,mechanics&astronomy),2013,56(11):2162-2169.
[9]YIN Liaofei,JIA Li,GUAN Peng,et al.Evaporating momentum force and shear force on meniscuses of elongated bubble in microchannel flow boiling[J].Journal of thermal science,2014,23(2):160-168.
[10]李友荣,曾丹苓,吴双应.多孔介质对流干燥外部传热传质的非平衡热力学理论[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(1):5-8.(LI Yourong,ZENG Danling,WU Shuangying.Non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory of external heat and mass transfer during convective drying process in porous media[J].Journal of engineering thermophysics,2001,22(1):5-8(in Chinese)).
[11]黎爱兵,张立凤,臧增亮.有限区域求解流函数和速度势的迭代调整方法及其收敛性分析[J].应用数学和力学,2012,33(6):651-662.(LI Aibing,ZHANG Lifeng,ZANG Zengliang.Iterative and adjusting method for computing stream function and velocity potential in limited domains and its convergence analysis[J].Applied mathematics and mechanics,2012,33(6):651-662(in Chinese)).
[12]BRENN G,KOLOBARIC V,DURST F.Shape oscillations and path transition of bubbles rising in a model bubble column[J].Chemical engineering science,2006,61(12):3795-3805.
[13]田恒斗,金良安,迟卫.船舶远程尾流场中气泡上浮运动模型[J].船舶力学,2010,14(11):1195-1201.(TIAN Hengdou,JIN Liang’an,CHI Wei.Rising process model of bubble in the far wake of ship[J].Journal of ship mechanics,2010,14(11):1195-1201(in Chinese)).
[14]HAN Lei,YUAN Yeli.Bubble size distribution in surface wave breaking entraining process[J].Science in China(Series D:earth sciences),2007,50(11):1754-1760.
[15]TIEN Tsungmo,HUANG Chingjer,HSU Taiwen,et al.Bubble size distribution for waves propagating over a submerged breakwater[J].China ocean engineering,2008,22(2):227-240.