药物成瘾与睡眠障碍
摘要
药物成瘾已成为当今社会严重的公共健康和社会问题,引起了世界性的广泛关注和政府的高度重视。近年来,越来越多的研究者从社会、行为、环境、遗传等方面对药物成瘾的潜在机制进行了深入的探索,但目前关于药物成瘾的神经机制尚不完全清楚。已有研究表明,睡眠障碍在药物成瘾者中广泛存在,并且可能是影响药物成瘾者复吸的重要因素之一。此外,睡眠障碍也可能是药物成瘾发生的危险因素。为了深入理解药物成瘾与睡眠障碍之间的相互关系,本文将围绕药物成瘾者中广泛存在的睡眠障碍等问题进行系统综述,并且探讨了药物成瘾合并睡眠障碍的治疗措施,以期为药物成瘾相关的研究提供新思路。
引文
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[42]Chen KW,Berger CC,Forde DP,et al.Benzodiazepine use and misuse among patients in a methadone program[J].BMC Psychiatry,2011,11(1):90
[43]Sakshaug S,Handal M,Hjellvik V,et al.Long-term Use of Z-Hypnotics and Co-medication with Benzodiazepines and Opioids[J].Basic&clinical pharmacology&toxicology,2017,120(3):292-298
[44]Kamal RM,Dijkstra BAG,Loonen AJ,et al.The effect of co-occurring substance use on gamma-hydroxybutyric acid withdrawal syndrome[J].J Addict Med,2016,10(4):229-235
[45]Rintoul AC,Dobbin MDH,Nielsen S,et al.Recent increase in detection of alprazolam in Victorian heroin-related deaths[J].Medical J Aust,2013,198(4):206-209
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[51]Morgan PT,Pace-Schott E,Pittman B,et al.Normalizing effects of modafinil on sleep in chronic cocaine users[J].Am J Psychiatry,2010,167(3):331-340
[52]Morgan PT,Angarita GA,Canavan S,et al.Modafinil and sleep architecture in an inpatient–outpatient treatment study of cocaine dependence[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,2016,160:49-56
[53]Grosshans M,Mutschler J,Luderer M,et al.Agomelatine is effective in reducing insomnia in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients[J].Clin Neuropharmacol,2014,37(1):6-8
[54]Brower KJ,Myra Kim H,Strobbe S,et al.A randomized double‐blind pilot trial of gabapentin versus placebo to treat alcohol dependence and comorbid insomnia[J].Alcohol Clin Exp Res,2008,32(8):1429-1438
[55]Brower KJ.Assessment and treatment of insomnia in adult patients with alcohol use disorders[J].Alcohol,2015,49(4):417-427
[56]Crow JM.Insomnia:chasing the dream[J].Nature,2013,497(7450):S16-S18
[2]Koob GF,Volkow ND.Neurobiology of addiction:a neurocircuitry analysis[J].Lancet Psychiatry,2016,3(8):760-773
[3]Koob GF,Volkow ND.Neurocircuitry of addiction[J].Neuropsychopharmacology,2010,35(1):217-238
[4]Crews FT,Boettiger CA.Impulsivity,frontal lobes and risk for addiction[J].Pharmacol Biochem Behav,2009,93(3):237-247
[5]Schoenbaum G,Roesch MR,Stalnaker T A.Orbitofrontal cortex,decision-making and drug addiction[J].Trends Neurosci,2006,29(2):116-124
[6]Hyman SE.Addiction:a disease of learning and memory[J].Am J Psychiatry,2005,162(8):1414-1422
[7]Volkow ND,Morales M.The brain on drugs:from reward to addiction[J].Cell,2015,162(4):712-725
[8]Sinha R.Stress and addiction:a dynamic interplay of genes,environment and drug intake[J].Biol Psychiatry,2009,66(2):100
[9]Tomkins DM,Sellers EM.Addiction and the brain:the role of neurotransmitters in the cause and treatment of drug dependence[J].CMAJ,2001,164(6):817-821
[10]Diekelmann S,Born J.The memory function of sleep[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2010,11(2):114-126
[11]Berry RB,Brooks R,Gamaldo CE,et al.The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events[J].Rules,Terminology and Technical Specifications,Darien,Illinois,American Academy of Sleep Medicine,2012.
[12]Mc Cabe SE,West BT,Teter CJ,et al.Trends in medical use,diversion,and nonmedical use of prescription medications among college students from 2003 to 2013:Connecting the dots[J].Addict Behav,2014,39(7):1176-1182
[13]Dell’Osso B,Lader M.Do benzodiazepines still deserve a major role in the treatment of psychiatric disorders?A critical reappraisal[J].Eur Psychiatry,2013,28(1):7-20
[14]Lader M.Benzodiazepines revisited—will we ever learn?[J].Addiction,2011,106(12):2086-2109
[15]Conroy DA,Arnedt JT.Sleep and substance use disorders:an update[J].Curr Psychiatry Rep,2014,16(10):487
[16]Wang D,Teichtahl H.Opioids,sleep architecture and sleep-disordered breathing[J].Sleep Med Rev,2007,11(1):35-46
[17]Beswick T,Best D,Ree S S,et al.Major disruptions of sleep during treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome:differences between methadone and lofexidine detoxification treatments[J].Addict Biol,2003,8(1):49-57
[18]Walker JM,Farney RJ,Rhondeau SM,et al.Chronic opioid use is a risk factor for the development of central sleep apnea and ataxic breathing[J].J Clin Sleep Med,2007,3(5):455
[19]Wang Q,Yue XF,Qu WM,et al.Morphine inhibits sleep-promoting neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic area via mu receptors and induces wakefulness in rats[J].Neuropsychopharmacology,2013,38(5):791-801
[20]Chen B,Wang Y,Liu X,et al.Sleep regulates incubation of cocaine craving[J].J Neurosci,2015,35(39):13300-13310
[21]Schierenbeck T,Riemann D,Berger M,et al.Effect of illicit recreational drugs upon sleep:cocaine,ecstasy and marijuana[J].Sleep Med Rev,2008,12(5):381-389
[22]Matuskey D,Pittman B,Forselius E,et al.A multistudy analysis of the effects of early cocaine abstinence on sleep[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,2011,115(1):62-66
[23]Zhang L,Samet J,Caffo B,et al.Cigarette smoking and nocturnal sleep architecture[J].Am J Epidemiol,2006,164(6):529-537
[24]Prosise GL,Bonnet MH,Berry RB,et al.Effects of abstinence from smoking on sleep and daytime sleepiness[J].Chest,1994,105(4):1136-1141
[25]Saint-Mleux B,Eggermann E,Bisetti A,et al.Nicotinic enhancement of the noradrenergic inhibition of sleep-promoting neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic area[J].J Neurosci,2004,24(1):63-67
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[27]Hasler BP,Smith LJ,Cousins JC,et al.Circadian rhythms,sleep,and substance abuse[J].Sleep Med Rev,2012,16(1):67-81
[28]Weissman MM,Greenwald S,Ni1o-Murcia G,et al.The morbidity of insomnia uncomplicated by psychiatric disorders[J].Gen Hosp Psychiatry,1997,19(4):245-250
[29]Breslau N,Roth T,Rosenthal L,et al.Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders:a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults[J].Biol Psychiatry,1996,39(6):411-418
[30]Wong MM,Brower KJ,Zucker RA.Childhood sleep problems,early onset of substance use and behavioral problems in adolescence[J].Sleep Med,2009,10(7):787-796
[31]Brower KJ,Aldrich MS,Robinson EAR,et al.Insomnia,self-medication,and relapse to alcoholism[J].Am J Psychiatry,2001,158(3):399-404
[32]Angarita GA,Canavan SV,Forselius E,et al.Abstinence-related changes in sleep during treatment for cocaine dependence[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,2014,134:343-347
[33]Wiers CE,Shumay E,Cabrera E,et al.Reduced sleep duration mediates decreases in striatal D2/D3 receptor availability in cocaine abusers[J].Transl Psychiatry,2016,6(3):e752
[34]Puhl MD,Fang J,Grigson PS.Acute sleep deprivation increases the rate and efficiency of cocaine self-administration,but not the perceived value of cocaine reward in rats[J].Pharmacol Biochem Behav,2009,94(2):262-270
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[38]Tang J,Liao Y,He H,et al.Sleeping problems in Chinese illicit drug dependent subjects[J].BMC Psychiatry,2015,15(1):28
[39]Arterberry BJ,Horbal SR,Buu A,et al.The effects of alcohol,cannabis,and cigarette use on the initiation,reinitiation and persistence of non-medical use of opioids,sedatives,and tranquilizers in adults[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,2016,159:86-92
[40]Jones JD,Mogali S,Comer SD.Polydrug abuse:a review of opioid and benzodiazepine combination use[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,2012,125(1):8-18
[41]Horyniak D,Reddel S,Quinn B,et al.The use of alprazolam by people who inject drugs in Melbourne,Australia[J].Drug Alcohol Rev,2012,31(4):585-590
[42]Chen KW,Berger CC,Forde DP,et al.Benzodiazepine use and misuse among patients in a methadone program[J].BMC Psychiatry,2011,11(1):90
[43]Sakshaug S,Handal M,Hjellvik V,et al.Long-term Use of Z-Hypnotics and Co-medication with Benzodiazepines and Opioids[J].Basic&clinical pharmacology&toxicology,2017,120(3):292-298
[44]Kamal RM,Dijkstra BAG,Loonen AJ,et al.The effect of co-occurring substance use on gamma-hydroxybutyric acid withdrawal syndrome[J].J Addict Med,2016,10(4):229-235
[45]Rintoul AC,Dobbin MDH,Nielsen S,et al.Recent increase in detection of alprazolam in Victorian heroin-related deaths[J].Medical J Aust,2013,198(4):206-209
[46]Creado S,Plante DT.An Update on the Use of Sedative-Hypnotic Medications in Psychiatric Disorders[J].Curr Psychiatry Rep,2016,18(9):78-78
[47]Scammell TE,Saper CB.Orexins:looking forward to sleep,back at addiction[J].Nat Med,2007,13(2):126-128
[48]Born S,Gauvin DV,Mukherjee S,et al.Preclinical assessment of the abuse potential of the orexin receptor antagonist,suvorexant[J].Regul Toxicol Pharmacol,2017,86:181-192
[49]Gentile TA,Simmons SJ,Barker DJ,et al.Suvorexant,an orexin/hypocretin receptor antagonist,attenuates motivational and hedonic properties of cocaine[J].Addict Biol,2017.doi:10.1111/adb.12507.[Epub ahead of print]
[50]Michelson D,Snyder E,Paradis E,et al.Safety and efficacy of suvorexant,an orexin receptor antagonist,during 1-year treatment of insomnia followed by abrupt discontinuation of treatment:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical trial[J].Lancet Neurol,2014,13:461-471
[51]Morgan PT,Pace-Schott E,Pittman B,et al.Normalizing effects of modafinil on sleep in chronic cocaine users[J].Am J Psychiatry,2010,167(3):331-340
[52]Morgan PT,Angarita GA,Canavan S,et al.Modafinil and sleep architecture in an inpatient–outpatient treatment study of cocaine dependence[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,2016,160:49-56
[53]Grosshans M,Mutschler J,Luderer M,et al.Agomelatine is effective in reducing insomnia in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients[J].Clin Neuropharmacol,2014,37(1):6-8
[54]Brower KJ,Myra Kim H,Strobbe S,et al.A randomized double‐blind pilot trial of gabapentin versus placebo to treat alcohol dependence and comorbid insomnia[J].Alcohol Clin Exp Res,2008,32(8):1429-1438
[55]Brower KJ.Assessment and treatment of insomnia in adult patients with alcohol use disorders[J].Alcohol,2015,49(4):417-427
[56]Crow JM.Insomnia:chasing the dream[J].Nature,2013,497(7450):S16-S18