高温热处理对UF树脂改性杉木吸湿性和耐湿尺寸稳定性的影响
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摘要
以脲醛(UF)树脂改性杉木为研究对象,采用高温过热蒸汽对其进行热处理,系统研究了热处理温度和时间对UF树脂改性杉木吸湿性和耐湿尺寸稳定性的影响规律。结果表明:与杉木对照材相比,UF树脂改性杉木吸湿性降低,耐湿尺寸稳定性提高;高温热处理能降低UF树脂改性杉木的吸湿性,提高其耐湿尺寸稳定性;与热处理时间相比,高温热处理温度对UF树脂改性杉木的吸湿性和耐湿尺寸稳定性的影响更大,随着热处理温度的升高,UF树脂改性杉木的平衡含水率、弦向湿胀率、径向湿胀率和体积湿胀率均呈先下降后升高的趋势;与杉木对照材相比,热处理UF树脂改性杉木的平衡含水率、弦向、径向湿胀率和体积湿胀率最大分别降低了39.00%、62.02%、69.89%、59.99%;与未经热处理的UF树脂改性杉木相比,热处理UF树脂改性杉木的平衡含水率、弦向、径向湿胀率和体积湿胀率最大分别降低了28.71%、53.42%、65.85%、54.32%。
In this study, the UF resin modified Chinese fir was treated in high temperature superheated steam to investigate the effects of temperature and processing time on wood moisture absorption and dimensional stability of moisture resistance. The results show that the moisture absorption was reduced, and dimensional stability of moisture resistance of Chinese fir was improved after UF resin impregnation. Moisture absorption and dimensional stability of moisture resistance of the UF resin modified Chinese fir were improved after high-temperature thermal treatment. Compared with the treatment time, the treatment temperature was a more influential factor to moisture absorption and dimensional stability of moisture resistance. With the increase of temperature, equilibrium moisture content, radial direction swelling rate, tangential direction and volume swelling rate of UF resin modified Chinese fir tended to decrease and then increased. After heat treatment, compared with the control specimens, the equilibrium moisture content, radial direction swelling rate, tangential direction and volume swelling rate of the modified wood was reduced by 39.00%, 62.02%, 69.89%, 59.99% to the maximum extent, respectively. Compared with the UF resin modified Chinese fir, the equilibrium moisture content, radial direction swelling rate, tangential direction and volume swelling rate of the heat-treated modified wood was reduced by 28.71%, 53.42%, 65.85%, 54.32% to the maximum extent, respectively.
In this study, the UF resin modified Chinese fir was treated in high temperature superheated steam to investigate the effects of temperature and processing time on wood moisture absorption and dimensional stability of moisture resistance. The results show that the moisture absorption was reduced, and dimensional stability of moisture resistance of Chinese fir was improved after UF resin impregnation. Moisture absorption and dimensional stability of moisture resistance of the UF resin modified Chinese fir were improved after high-temperature thermal treatment. Compared with the treatment time, the treatment temperature was a more influential factor to moisture absorption and dimensional stability of moisture resistance. With the increase of temperature, equilibrium moisture content, radial direction swelling rate, tangential direction and volume swelling rate of UF resin modified Chinese fir tended to decrease and then increased. After heat treatment, compared with the control specimens, the equilibrium moisture content, radial direction swelling rate, tangential direction and volume swelling rate of the modified wood was reduced by 39.00%, 62.02%, 69.89%, 59.99% to the maximum extent, respectively. Compared with the UF resin modified Chinese fir, the equilibrium moisture content, radial direction swelling rate, tangential direction and volume swelling rate of the heat-treated modified wood was reduced by 28.71%, 53.42%, 65.85%, 54.32% to the maximum extent, respectively.
引文
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[3]王向歌,金菊婉,邓玉和,等.不同固含量低分子酚醛树脂浸渍改性杉木板材性能的研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(3):84-88.
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[12]邓邵平,杨文斌,陈瑞英,等.人工林杉木木材力学性质对高温热处理条件变化的响应[J].林业科学,2009,45(12):105-111.
[13]李延军,唐荣强,鲍滨福,等.高温热处理木材工艺的初步研究[J].林产工业,2008,32(2):16-18.
[14]邓邵平,陈寒娴,林金春,等.高温热处理人工林杉木木材的材色和涂饰性能[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2010,39(5):484-489.
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[16]侯瑞光,李贤军,刘元,等.浸渍-热处理对杨木力学性能的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(2):125-129.
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[18]GB/T1934.2-2009木材湿胀性测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
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[20]Nyqvist H.Saturated salt solutions for maintaining specified relative humidity[J].Energy,1983(10):1085-1090.
[21]侯瑞光.杨木浸渍增强——热处理特性研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2014.
[22]丁涛,顾炼百,蔡家斌.热处理对木材吸湿特性及尺寸稳定性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(2):143-147.
[23]孙伟伦,李坚.高温热处理落叶松木材尺寸稳定性及结晶度分析表征[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):114-118.
[24]高建民.木材干燥学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[2]刘喻娟,李重根,郭杰文,等.速生杉木甲基丙烯酸甲酯改性及材性研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2011,32(4):116-118.
[3]王向歌,金菊婉,邓玉和,等.不同固含量低分子酚醛树脂浸渍改性杉木板材性能的研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(3):84-88.
[4]彭万喜,吴义强,张仲凤,等.中国的杉木研究现状与发展途径[J].世界林业研究,2006,19(5):54-58.
[5]龙传文,龙博,韦文榜.PF树脂对杉木浸渍与压缩工艺的研究[J].中国胶粘剂,2008,17(4):27-29.
[6]汪佑宏,顾炼百,刘启明,等.三聚氰胺改性脲醛对马尾松速生材性质影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(1):67-70.
[7]陈敏杰,张振伟,涂登云,等.热处理浸渍杨木性能研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(1):99-104,111.
[8]李龙哲,阳财喜,宋作梅,等.桉树木材的浸渍增强热处理技术[J].木材工业,2009,23(3):40-42.
[9]袁佳.杉木高温炭化改性技术的初步研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2010.
[10]孙娟.杉木、马尾松细观力学性能及热处理材性能研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009.
[11]邓邵平,江茂生,陈孝云,等.杉木间伐材高温热处理后化学成分的变化[J].林业科学,2009,45(11):121-126.
[12]邓邵平,杨文斌,陈瑞英,等.人工林杉木木材力学性质对高温热处理条件变化的响应[J].林业科学,2009,45(12):105-111.
[13]李延军,唐荣强,鲍滨福,等.高温热处理木材工艺的初步研究[J].林产工业,2008,32(2):16-18.
[14]邓邵平,陈寒娴,林金春,等.高温热处理人工林杉木木材的材色和涂饰性能[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2010,39(5):484-489.
[15]李贤军,傅峰,蔡智勇,等.高温热处理对木材吸湿性和尺寸稳定性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(6):92-96.
[16]侯瑞光,李贤军,刘元,等.浸渍-热处理对杨木力学性能的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(2):125-129.
[17]GB/T1931-2009木材含水率测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[18]GB/T1934.2-2009木材湿胀性测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[19]Greenspan L.Humidity Fixed Points of Binary Saturated Aqueous Solutions[J].Journal of Research National Bureau of Standards,1977,81A(1):81-89.
[20]Nyqvist H.Saturated salt solutions for maintaining specified relative humidity[J].Energy,1983(10):1085-1090.
[21]侯瑞光.杨木浸渍增强——热处理特性研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2014.
[22]丁涛,顾炼百,蔡家斌.热处理对木材吸湿特性及尺寸稳定性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(2):143-147.
[23]孙伟伦,李坚.高温热处理落叶松木材尺寸稳定性及结晶度分析表征[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):114-118.
[24]高建民.木材干燥学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.