中药材前胡生长习性及产地分布考证
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摘要
通过对历代本草考证,明确前胡生长习性和产地分布,为前胡人工栽培和药材质量性状提供依据。根据历代本草记载的前胡形态、生长习性、产地、收获加工、药材性状的描述,分析前胡生长习性和产区分布。历代本草记载表明,前胡株高30～60cm,根为圆锥形,细青紫色,白花,春季出苗,七月开花,八月结种子;分布于气候较为湿润地区,主产现今浙江、江苏、安微、河南、河北、湖北、陕西、江西、四川贵州等地,以浙江省湖州区、杭州和江苏苏州、宜兴地区为最好,与今前胡主要栽培产区较为接近。前胡收获期为2月或8月(农历),暴干,以前胡柔软、色白兼黄、根润实者为好、气香者最好。
Qianhu on the ancient Chinese herbal texts investigated in this paper,including their morphological characteristics, growth habit,producing area,harvest processing and quality.Our results indicated that plant height 30-60 cm, root is conical, fine green purple, white flower, spring emergence, july flowering, seed in august;the moist environment is conducive to the growth of Qianhu;The main production areas are Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anwei, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Guizhou,Among them, Huzhou, Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province and Suzhou,Yixing of Jiangsu are the best. The harvest period is February or August(lunar calendar). The processing method is drying under the sun.The best quality that materials is soft and solid,white with yellow,strong aroma.
Qianhu on the ancient Chinese herbal texts investigated in this paper,including their morphological characteristics, growth habit,producing area,harvest processing and quality.Our results indicated that plant height 30-60 cm, root is conical, fine green purple, white flower, spring emergence, july flowering, seed in august;the moist environment is conducive to the growth of Qianhu;The main production areas are Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anwei, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Guizhou,Among them, Huzhou, Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province and Suzhou,Yixing of Jiangsu are the best. The harvest period is February or August(lunar calendar). The processing method is drying under the sun.The best quality that materials is soft and solid,white with yellow,strong aroma.
引文
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[2] 张琳,邓亦麒,谢登峰,等.前胡和紫花前胡在中国的潜在分布区预测[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2017,54(03):641.
[3] 杨红兵,陈科力,余捷婧,等.前胡药材的质量状况考察[J].中国药房,2012,23(39):3701.
[4] 聂小忠,党建章,王晓利,等.不同产地、不同采收期前胡野生品与栽培品的质量比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(20):129.
[5] 任荣,李正翔.多指标综合评价不同产地前胡药材质量[J].天津中医药,2014,31(10):627,
[6] 代丽萍,李汉伟,董诚明.HPLC法测定不同产地白花前胡中白花前胡甲素的含量[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2010,8(11):258.
[7] 森立之辑.神农本草经[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,2016:41.
[8] 陶弘景.名医别录(尚志钧辑校).[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2013:103.
[9] 陶弘景.本草经集注(尚志钧,尚元胜辑校)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1994:275.
[10] 刘文泰.本草品汇精要(陆拯等校注)[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2013:182.
[11] 唐慎微.证类本草(陆拯等校注)[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2013:469.
[12] 吴普.吴氏本草经(尚志钧辑)[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,2005:40.
[13] 陈嘉谟.本草蒙筌(赵法新校点)[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2013:66.
[14] 李时珍.本草纲目(刘衡如,刘永山校注)[M].北京:华夏出版社,2013:529.
[15] 杨时泰.本草述钩元[M].上海:科技卫生出版社,1958:135.
[16] 吴仪洛.本草从新[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1990:15.
[17] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志,第55卷[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.