摘要
秋刀鱼主要分布在西北太平洋亚热带到温带水域中,是一种资源量较高的上层洄游性鱼类。为了对秋刀鱼的遗传结构进行研究,2016年6月-11月,在38°38′-44°31′N,146°36′-162°26′E海域随机取145条秋刀鱼,取其肌肉与DNA、PCR以及测序后获得421 bp基于线粒体细胞色素b (Cytb)基因的DNA序列。分析结果显示,145条序列中共发现了15个单倍型,单倍型多样性指数h=0.258±0.049,核苷酸多样性π=0.000 87±0.007 56。计算得出Tajima′s D与Fu′s Fs均呈负值并且绘制的核苷酸不配对曲线呈现单峰,可得出秋刀鱼群体经历了种群扩张。Nm值表明4个采样点的秋刀鱼群体之间存在频繁的基因交流,AMOVA分析结果显示97.22%的遗传变异来自群体内,结合遗传分化系数Fst得出群体遗传分化水平较低。单倍型网络图呈现星状拓扑结构、系统发育树分枝不明显均显示地域性差异不显著。研究发现秋刀鱼群体遗传多样性较低,需对其进行合理保护。
Saury, a high-capacity upper migratory fish, is mainly distributed in the subtropical to temperate waters of the Northwestern Pacific. From June 2016 to November 2016, 145 random samplings was performed in sea area at 38°38′-44°31′N,146° 36′-162° 26′ E, Taking DNA from the muscle, the mitochondrial were found in 145 sequences. with the haplotype diversity index h =0.258 ±0.049, and the nucleotide diversity index π = 0.000 87 ± 0.007 56. It was calculated that both Tajima′s D and Fu′s Fs were negative and the nucleotide unpaired curve was a single peak, which indicated that the saury population experienced population expansion. Fstanalysis of gene exchange and poor differentiation coefficient indicated that there were frequent gene exchanges between the saury populations at the four sampling points. The results of AMOVA analysis showed that 97.22 % of the genetic variation came from the population, and the genetic differentiation of the population was not significant. The haplotype network diagram presented a star-like topology, and the phylogenetic tree branches were not obvious, and the regional differences were not significant. In this study, it was found that the saury population had low genetic diversity and needed to be protected reasonably.
引文
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