不同品系青贮甜高粱的营养价值比较分析
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摘要
目的:评价不同品系青贮全株甜高粱的饲用营养价值,为其推广种植提供理论依据。方法:采集不同品系青贮全株甜高粱,利用常规技术分析其营养物质含量;利用尼龙袋技术,测定其干物质瘤胃降解率;采用拉丁方试验,研究其对瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度的影响。结果:不同品系的青贮全株甜高粱,其营养物质含量存在显著差异,其中品系3的纤维类碳水化合物含量最高,品系4最低。尼龙袋试验结果显示,甜高粱品系4青贮的瘤胃干物质有效降解率最高,品系3的最低。饲养试验结果显示,饲喂青贮后不同品系的甜高粱,瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸的发酵类型存在显著差异:与品系3相比,品系4的瘤胃乙酸摩尔百分比低4.97%,丙酸摩尔百分比高16.95%,瘤胃乙酸/丙酸值低16.95%(P<0.05)。结论:青贮甜高粱品系4的饲用营养价值相对较高,适宜推广和种植。
Objective:To assess nutritive values in different whole sorghum silages.Methods:Samples of different whole sorghum silages were collected to determine their nutrition including dry matter,crude protein and neutral detergent fiber content so on.In addition,dry matter degradations in the rumen were also determined with nylon bag technique.Moreover,a Latin square test was carried out to investigate the effects of whole sorghum silages on productions in ruminal volatile fatty acids profile.Results:The result showed that there were significant differences in the nutrient contents of silage sweet sorghum among different strains,and the strain 3 had the highest fiber carbohydrate content while the lowest was the strain 4.The results of nylon bag test showed that the silage dry matter of sweet sorghum in line 4 silage had the highest effective degradation rate while the lowest was in the line 3.The results of feeding experiments showed that the fermentation types of volatile fatty acids in the rumen were significantly different after feeding different sweet sorghum silage:Compared with strain 3,the percentage of acetic acid in the rumen of strain 4 was lower by 4.97%,while propionic acid was higher by 16.95%,whereas ruminal ratio of acetate to propionate was lower by 16.95%lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The present trial indicated that sorghum silage of the strain 4 had relatively great nutritive values and suitable for planting.
Objective:To assess nutritive values in different whole sorghum silages.Methods:Samples of different whole sorghum silages were collected to determine their nutrition including dry matter,crude protein and neutral detergent fiber content so on.In addition,dry matter degradations in the rumen were also determined with nylon bag technique.Moreover,a Latin square test was carried out to investigate the effects of whole sorghum silages on productions in ruminal volatile fatty acids profile.Results:The result showed that there were significant differences in the nutrient contents of silage sweet sorghum among different strains,and the strain 3 had the highest fiber carbohydrate content while the lowest was the strain 4.The results of nylon bag test showed that the silage dry matter of sweet sorghum in line 4 silage had the highest effective degradation rate while the lowest was in the line 3.The results of feeding experiments showed that the fermentation types of volatile fatty acids in the rumen were significantly different after feeding different sweet sorghum silage:Compared with strain 3,the percentage of acetic acid in the rumen of strain 4 was lower by 4.97%,while propionic acid was higher by 16.95%,whereas ruminal ratio of acetate to propionate was lower by 16.95%lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The present trial indicated that sorghum silage of the strain 4 had relatively great nutritive values and suitable for planting.
引文
[1]陆水怡,李南珠,邹剑秋,等.甜高粱的生物学特性、研究现状与开发应用前景[J].江苏农业科学,2009,269(3):11-13.
[2]杨春涛,刁其玉,司丙文,等.挥发性脂肪酸在反刍动物瘤胃上皮吸收转运及调节作用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(7):78-83.
[3]王郝为,戴求仲,侯振平,等.饲用苎麻青贮特性及其青贮前后营养成分与饲用价值比较[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):293-298.
[4]王建,赵健康,赵芳,等.日本饲用高粱青贮前后与玉米青贮的营养成分比较[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(18):195-196.
[5]YANG H J,TAMMINGA S,WILLIAMS B A,et al.In vitro gas and volatile fatty acids production profiles of barley and maize and their soluble and washout fractions after feed processing[J].ANIM FEED SCI TECH,2005,120(1/2):125-140.
[6]DYKES L,ROONEY L W.Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants[J].J CEREAL SCI,2006,44(3):236-251.
[7]宋金昌,牛一兵,付志新,等.甜高粱饲用性能及生物学产量和营养成分分析[J].饲料广角,2008(5):41-43.
[8]VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].J DAIRY SCI,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[9]DEWHURST R J,WEBSTER A F,WAINMAN F W,et al.Prediction of the true metabolizable energy concentration in forages for ruminants[J].ANIMAL SCIENCE,1986,43(2):183-194.
[10]刘晓辉,高士杰,杨明,等.浅谈甜高粱的利用价值[J].种子,2006,25(9):98-99.
[11]闫鸿雁,付立中,胡国宏,等.国内外甜高粱研究现状及应用前景分析[J].吉林农业科学,2006,31(5):63-65.
[2]杨春涛,刁其玉,司丙文,等.挥发性脂肪酸在反刍动物瘤胃上皮吸收转运及调节作用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(7):78-83.
[3]王郝为,戴求仲,侯振平,等.饲用苎麻青贮特性及其青贮前后营养成分与饲用价值比较[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):293-298.
[4]王建,赵健康,赵芳,等.日本饲用高粱青贮前后与玉米青贮的营养成分比较[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(18):195-196.
[5]YANG H J,TAMMINGA S,WILLIAMS B A,et al.In vitro gas and volatile fatty acids production profiles of barley and maize and their soluble and washout fractions after feed processing[J].ANIM FEED SCI TECH,2005,120(1/2):125-140.
[6]DYKES L,ROONEY L W.Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants[J].J CEREAL SCI,2006,44(3):236-251.
[7]宋金昌,牛一兵,付志新,等.甜高粱饲用性能及生物学产量和营养成分分析[J].饲料广角,2008(5):41-43.
[8]VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].J DAIRY SCI,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[9]DEWHURST R J,WEBSTER A F,WAINMAN F W,et al.Prediction of the true metabolizable energy concentration in forages for ruminants[J].ANIMAL SCIENCE,1986,43(2):183-194.
[10]刘晓辉,高士杰,杨明,等.浅谈甜高粱的利用价值[J].种子,2006,25(9):98-99.
[11]闫鸿雁,付立中,胡国宏,等.国内外甜高粱研究现状及应用前景分析[J].吉林农业科学,2006,31(5):63-65.