《诸病源候论》涉医词汇考释三则
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摘要
《诸病源候论》是我国现存第一部论述病因、病理和证候学的专书,是隋朝以前医学成就的总结之作,其中包含了丰富的具有时代特色与医药特色的词汇。为了更好地把握《诸病源候论》中的词汇特征,本文考辨《诸病源候论》中"缭戾""欵便""丁奚"三个涉医词汇的具体含义。通过《诸病源候论》记载的"缭戾""欵便""丁奚"相关论述,结合古代医书、辞书、其他文献,运用训诂学、文字学的相关知识进行分析、考辨、研究。认为"缭戾"是四肢弯曲、无法自由伸展,甚至相交错的病理表现,大致不离痉病或痿病的范畴;"欵便"指两膝弯曲、行似如厕的动作;"丁奚"之"丁"为盛大壮实之意,与"奚"构成词语指腹部实满胀大之病证,是小儿食积引起的以腹部胀大、颈部细小、肌肤萎黄、形体瘦弱为主要表现的疾病名称。
Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun is the first book in China to discuss etiology,pathology and syndromes.It is a summary of previous medical achievements,including a rich vocabulary with characteristics of the times and medicine.In order to better grasp the lexical features in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun.This paper examines the specific meanings of the three medical vocabulary words "Liao Li" "Kuan Bian" and "Ding Xi" in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun.Through the related theories of "Liao Li" "Kuan Bian" and "Ding Xi" recorded in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun,combined with ancient medical books,dictionaries,and other literatures,the relevant knowledge of exegesis and philology is used for analysis,examination and research.It is believed that "Liao Li" is a pathological manifestation in which the limbs are bent,unable to stretch freely,or even staggered,and is generally not in the category of rickets or rickets; "stool" refers to the movements of the knees that are bent and lined like a toilet; "Ding" means grandness and sturdiness,and with the words "Xi" the name of the disease of the abdomen was constituted.It is the main manifestation of bloating,narrow neck,sallow skin and thin body caused by pediatric food,being the name of the disease.
Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun is the first book in China to discuss etiology,pathology and syndromes.It is a summary of previous medical achievements,including a rich vocabulary with characteristics of the times and medicine.In order to better grasp the lexical features in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun.This paper examines the specific meanings of the three medical vocabulary words "Liao Li" "Kuan Bian" and "Ding Xi" in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun.Through the related theories of "Liao Li" "Kuan Bian" and "Ding Xi" recorded in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun,combined with ancient medical books,dictionaries,and other literatures,the relevant knowledge of exegesis and philology is used for analysis,examination and research.It is believed that "Liao Li" is a pathological manifestation in which the limbs are bent,unable to stretch freely,or even staggered,and is generally not in the category of rickets or rickets; "stool" refers to the movements of the knees that are bent and lined like a toilet; "Ding" means grandness and sturdiness,and with the words "Xi" the name of the disease of the abdomen was constituted.It is the main manifestation of bloating,narrow neck,sallow skin and thin body caused by pediatric food,being the name of the disease.
引文
[1]丁光迪.诸病源候论校注[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013.
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[4]王焘.外台秘要[M].高文柱,校注.北京:学苑出版社,2011:715.
[5]释道世.法华珠林[M].周叔迦,校注.北京:中华书局,2003.
[6]洪兴祖.楚辞补注[M].北京:中华书局,1983:281.
[7]钱绎.方言笺疏[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1984:54.
[8]段成式.酉阳杂俎[M].曹中孚,点校.上海:上海古籍出版社,2012:174.
[9]孙诒让.周礼正义[M].北京:中华书局,2013:1007.
[10]杨明照.抱朴子外篇校笺[M].北京:中华书局,1991:487.
[11]张玉书.康熙字典[M].上海:上海书店出版社,1985.
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[14]无忌.保幼新编[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,1987:67.
[15]吴谦.医宗金鉴[M].鲁兆麟,主校.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1997.283.
[16]程文囿.杏轩医案并按[M].班秀文,校注.合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1983:119.
[17]段玉裁.说文解字注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2008:740.
[2]陈延之.小品方[M].高文柱,辑校.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1983:32.
[3]孙思邈.备急千金要方[M].李景荣,点校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1998:107.
[4]王焘.外台秘要[M].高文柱,校注.北京:学苑出版社,2011:715.
[5]释道世.法华珠林[M].周叔迦,校注.北京:中华书局,2003.
[6]洪兴祖.楚辞补注[M].北京:中华书局,1983:281.
[7]钱绎.方言笺疏[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1984:54.
[8]段成式.酉阳杂俎[M].曹中孚,点校.上海:上海古籍出版社,2012:174.
[9]孙诒让.周礼正义[M].北京:中华书局,2013:1007.
[10]杨明照.抱朴子外篇校笺[M].北京:中华书局,1991:487.
[11]张玉书.康熙字典[M].上海:上海书店出版社,1985.
[12]许慎.说文解字[M].北京:中华书局,2007.
[13]朱橚.普济方[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1982:2251.
[14]无忌.保幼新编[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,1987:67.
[15]吴谦.医宗金鉴[M].鲁兆麟,主校.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1997.283.
[16]程文囿.杏轩医案并按[M].班秀文,校注.合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1983:119.
[17]段玉裁.说文解字注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2008:740.