福建省LS因子赋值方法的适用性分析
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摘要
为分析福建省LS赋值方法的区域适宜性,提高福建省水土流失的估算精度,本文利用福建省实测数据、南方红壤区多种母岩(花岗岩、第四纪红黏土、泥质页岩)下的细沟侵蚀与细沟间侵蚀数据及相关参照值,对Wischmeier、McCool、刘宝元、陈明华等坡度坡长赋值算法的估算结果与参照值间的关系进行讨论。结果表明通过福建省实测值比值的方式,刘宝元算法具有较好的拟合效果。在南方红壤区的多种母岩条件下福建省细沟与细沟间侵蚀比率低,综合考虑细沟与细沟间侵蚀比率低、坡度陡及福建省实测数据和降雨情况,认为刘宝元算法对福建省具有更为普遍的适用性。
In order to analyze the regional suitability of LS assignment method and improve the estimation accuracy of soil and water loss in Fujian province,by using the data measured by Fujian province,the data and the relative reference value of rill erosion under a variety of parent rocks(granite,quaternary red clay and clay shale) in the southern red soil region,it was discussed the differences of the unit plots among Wischmeier,McCool,Liu Baoyuan,Chen Minghua algorithms on the slope length assignment and the relationships between the estimated value and reference value among these four different algorithms.The results showed that,according to the data measured by Fujian Province,the Liu Baoyuan algorithm has a good fitting effect,with the lower erosion ratio of rill and inter-rill in southern red soil area under many kinds of parent rocks.Considering the low erosion ratio of rill and inter-rill,the actual situation of steep slope,the measured data and rainfall situation of Fujian Province,it was concluded that the Liu Baoyuan algorithm is more applicable to Fujian Province.
In order to analyze the regional suitability of LS assignment method and improve the estimation accuracy of soil and water loss in Fujian province,by using the data measured by Fujian province,the data and the relative reference value of rill erosion under a variety of parent rocks(granite,quaternary red clay and clay shale) in the southern red soil region,it was discussed the differences of the unit plots among Wischmeier,McCool,Liu Baoyuan,Chen Minghua algorithms on the slope length assignment and the relationships between the estimated value and reference value among these four different algorithms.The results showed that,according to the data measured by Fujian Province,the Liu Baoyuan algorithm has a good fitting effect,with the lower erosion ratio of rill and inter-rill in southern red soil area under many kinds of parent rocks.Considering the low erosion ratio of rill and inter-rill,the actual situation of steep slope,the measured data and rainfall situation of Fujian Province,it was concluded that the Liu Baoyuan algorithm is more applicable to Fujian Province.
引文
[1]Wischmeier W H,Smith D D.Predicting rainfall erosion losses-a guide to conservation planning:Agriculture Handbook[M].Washington DC,USA:United States Department of Agriculture,1978:537
[2]Renard K G.Predicting soil erosion by water:A guide to conservation planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss equation(RUSLE)Agriculture Handbook No.703[M].Washington DC,USA:United States Department of Agriculture,1997
[3]Liu B.Zhang K.Xie Y.An Empirical Soil Loss Equation[C]//Proc.of 12th ISCO.Beijing:Tsinghua Press,2002:143-149
[4]Young R A,Onstad C A,Bosch D D,et al.AGNPS:a nonpoint-source pollution model for evaluating agricultural watersheds[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,1989,44(2):168-173
[5]张宏鸣,杨勤科,李锐,等.流域分布式侵蚀学坡长的估算方法研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(4):437-444
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[14]胡刚,宋慧,刘宝元,等.黑土区基准坡长和LS算法对地形因子的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(3):166-173
[15]Shi Z H,Cai C F,Ding S W,et al.Soil conservation planning at the small watershed level using RUSLE with GIS:a case study in the Three Gorge Area of China[J].Catena,2004,55(1):33-48
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[17]齐述华,蒋梅鑫,于秀波.基于遥感和ULSE模型评价1995~2005年江西土壤侵蚀[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(7):1197-1203
[18]胡文敏,周卫军,余宇航,等.基于RS和USLE的红壤丘陵区小流域水土流失量估算[J].国土资源遥感,2013,25(3):171-177
[19]林敬兰.福建省土壤侵蚀空间分布规律及防治对策探讨[J].资源科学,2004,26(z1):111-118
[20]盛美玲,方海燕,郭敏.东北黑土区小流域侵蚀产沙WaTEM/SEDEM模型模拟[J].资源科学,2015,37(4):815-822
[21]徐崇刚,胡远满,常禹,等.空间直观景观模型在呼中林区土壤侵蚀预测研究中的初步应用[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(10):1821-1827
[22]McCool D K,Foster G R,Weesies G A.Slope Length and Steepness Factors(LS),Chapter 4[M]//Renard K G,Foster G R,Weesies G A,et al.Predicting Soil Erosion by Water:A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE),Agriculture Handbook No.703.Washington DC,USA:United States Department of Agriculture,1997:101-141
[23]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对花岗岩崩岗崩积体细沟侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(1):1-5
[24]肖海.稀土元素示踪红壤坡面细沟与细沟间侵蚀演化过程研究[D].三峡大学,2014:37-38
[25]万绍文.土壤水分条件对鄂南红壤可蚀性及坡面侵蚀的影响[D].华中农业大学,2015:29-31
[26]张科利,刘宝元,蔡永明.土壤侵蚀预报研究中的标准小区问题论证[J].地理研究,2000,19(3):297-302
[27]刘淼,杨明义,张风宝.黄土坡面细沟发育及细沟与细沟间侵蚀比率研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):12-16
[28]水利部,中国科学院,中国工程.中国水土流失防治与生态安全,南方红壤区卷[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:118-119
[29]福建省测绘地理信息局.福建省第一次全国地理国情普查公报[R].2017.http://www.fjbsm.gov.cn/res_root/upload/document/20171213/489b8f33461c430e9efce57508068717.pdf
[30]耿晓东.主要水蚀区坡面土壤侵蚀过程与机理对比研究[D].杨凌:中科院水利部水土保持研究所,2010:88-89
[31]姚莉,赵声蓉,赵翠光,等.我国中东部逐时雨强时空分布及重现期的估算[J].地理学报,2010,65(3):293-300
[32]胡刚,宋慧,石星军.基于单位汇水面积的地形因子特征评价[J].地理科学,2016,36(4):621-627
[2]Renard K G.Predicting soil erosion by water:A guide to conservation planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss equation(RUSLE)Agriculture Handbook No.703[M].Washington DC,USA:United States Department of Agriculture,1997
[3]Liu B.Zhang K.Xie Y.An Empirical Soil Loss Equation[C]//Proc.of 12th ISCO.Beijing:Tsinghua Press,2002:143-149
[4]Young R A,Onstad C A,Bosch D D,et al.AGNPS:a nonpoint-source pollution model for evaluating agricultural watersheds[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,1989,44(2):168-173
[5]张宏鸣,杨勤科,李锐,等.流域分布式侵蚀学坡长的估算方法研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(4):437-444
[6]刘宝元.北京土壤流失方程[M].科学出版社,2010:52-67
[7]Vol.N.A.GIS procedure for automatically calculating the USLE LS factor on topographically complex landscape units[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,1996,51(5):427-433
[8]McCool D K,Williams J D.Freeze/thaw effects on rill and gully erosion in the northwestern wheat and range region[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2005(3):48-56
[9]Lufafa A,Tenywa M M,Isabirye M,et al.Prediction of soil erosion in a Lake Victoria basin catchment using a GIS-based Universal Soil Loss model[J].Agricultural Systems,2007,76(3):883-894
[10]Liu B Y,Nearing M A,Shi P J,et al.Slope length effects on soil loss for steep slopes.[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1994,64(5):1759-1763
[11]Liu B Y,Nearing M A,Risse L M.Slope gradient effects on soil loss for steep slopes[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1994,37(6):1835-1840
[12]杨子生.滇东北山区坡耕地土壤流失方程研究[J].水土保持通报,1999(1):1-9
[13]胡刚,宋慧,石星军,等.卧虎山水库不同算法LS因子值适用性分析[J].地理科学,2015,35(11):1482-1488
[14]胡刚,宋慧,刘宝元,等.黑土区基准坡长和LS算法对地形因子的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(3):166-173
[15]Shi Z H,Cai C F,Ding S W,et al.Soil conservation planning at the small watershed level using RUSLE with GIS:a case study in the Three Gorge Area of China[J].Catena,2004,55(1):33-48
[16]陈明华,周伏健,黄炎和.坡度和坡长对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持学报,1995(1):31-36
[17]齐述华,蒋梅鑫,于秀波.基于遥感和ULSE模型评价1995~2005年江西土壤侵蚀[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(7):1197-1203
[18]胡文敏,周卫军,余宇航,等.基于RS和USLE的红壤丘陵区小流域水土流失量估算[J].国土资源遥感,2013,25(3):171-177
[19]林敬兰.福建省土壤侵蚀空间分布规律及防治对策探讨[J].资源科学,2004,26(z1):111-118
[20]盛美玲,方海燕,郭敏.东北黑土区小流域侵蚀产沙WaTEM/SEDEM模型模拟[J].资源科学,2015,37(4):815-822
[21]徐崇刚,胡远满,常禹,等.空间直观景观模型在呼中林区土壤侵蚀预测研究中的初步应用[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(10):1821-1827
[22]McCool D K,Foster G R,Weesies G A.Slope Length and Steepness Factors(LS),Chapter 4[M]//Renard K G,Foster G R,Weesies G A,et al.Predicting Soil Erosion by Water:A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE),Agriculture Handbook No.703.Washington DC,USA:United States Department of Agriculture,1997:101-141
[23]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对花岗岩崩岗崩积体细沟侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(1):1-5
[24]肖海.稀土元素示踪红壤坡面细沟与细沟间侵蚀演化过程研究[D].三峡大学,2014:37-38
[25]万绍文.土壤水分条件对鄂南红壤可蚀性及坡面侵蚀的影响[D].华中农业大学,2015:29-31
[26]张科利,刘宝元,蔡永明.土壤侵蚀预报研究中的标准小区问题论证[J].地理研究,2000,19(3):297-302
[27]刘淼,杨明义,张风宝.黄土坡面细沟发育及细沟与细沟间侵蚀比率研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):12-16
[28]水利部,中国科学院,中国工程.中国水土流失防治与生态安全,南方红壤区卷[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:118-119
[29]福建省测绘地理信息局.福建省第一次全国地理国情普查公报[R].2017.http://www.fjbsm.gov.cn/res_root/upload/document/20171213/489b8f33461c430e9efce57508068717.pdf
[30]耿晓东.主要水蚀区坡面土壤侵蚀过程与机理对比研究[D].杨凌:中科院水利部水土保持研究所,2010:88-89
[31]姚莉,赵声蓉,赵翠光,等.我国中东部逐时雨强时空分布及重现期的估算[J].地理学报,2010,65(3):293-300
[32]胡刚,宋慧,石星军.基于单位汇水面积的地形因子特征评价[J].地理科学,2016,36(4):621-627