Earth Pressure Distribution and Sand Deformation Around Modified Suction Caissons(MSCs) Under Monotonic Lateral Loading
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摘要
The modified suction caisson(MSC) is a novel type of foundation for ocean engineering, consisting of a short external closed-top cylinder-shaped structure surrounding the upper part of the regular suction caisson(RSC). The MSC can provide larger lateral bearing capacity and limit the deflection compared with the RSC. Therefore, the MSC can be much more appropriate to use as an offshore wind turbine foundation. Model tests on the MSC in saturated sand subjected to monotonic lateral loading were carried out to investigate the effects of external structure sizes on the sand surface deformation and the earth pressure distribution along the embedded depth. Test results show that the deformation range of the sand surface increases with the increasing width and length of the external structure. The magnitude of sand upheaval around the MSC is smaller than that of the RSC and the sand upheaval value around the MSC in the loading direction decreases with the increasing external structure dimensions. The net earth pressure in the loading direction acting on the internal compartment of the MSC is smaller than that of the RSC at the same embedded depth. The maximum net earth pressure acting on the external structure outer wall in the loading direction is larger than that of the internal compartment, indicating that a considerable amount of the lateral load and moment is resisted by the external skirt structure.
The modified suction caisson(MSC) is a novel type of foundation for ocean engineering, consisting of a short external closed-top cylinder-shaped structure surrounding the upper part of the regular suction caisson(RSC). The MSC can provide larger lateral bearing capacity and limit the deflection compared with the RSC. Therefore, the MSC can be much more appropriate to use as an offshore wind turbine foundation. Model tests on the MSC in saturated sand subjected to monotonic lateral loading were carried out to investigate the effects of external structure sizes on the sand surface deformation and the earth pressure distribution along the embedded depth. Test results show that the deformation range of the sand surface increases with the increasing width and length of the external structure. The magnitude of sand upheaval around the MSC is smaller than that of the RSC and the sand upheaval value around the MSC in the loading direction decreases with the increasing external structure dimensions. The net earth pressure in the loading direction acting on the internal compartment of the MSC is smaller than that of the RSC at the same embedded depth. The maximum net earth pressure acting on the external structure outer wall in the loading direction is larger than that of the internal compartment, indicating that a considerable amount of the lateral load and moment is resisted by the external skirt structure.
The modified suction caisson(MSC) is a novel type of foundation for ocean engineering, consisting of a short external closed-top cylinder-shaped structure surrounding the upper part of the regular suction caisson(RSC). The MSC can provide larger lateral bearing capacity and limit the deflection compared with the RSC. Therefore, the MSC can be much more appropriate to use as an offshore wind turbine foundation. Model tests on the MSC in saturated sand subjected to monotonic lateral loading were carried out to investigate the effects of external structure sizes on the sand surface deformation and the earth pressure distribution along the embedded depth. Test results show that the deformation range of the sand surface increases with the increasing width and length of the external structure. The magnitude of sand upheaval around the MSC is smaller than that of the RSC and the sand upheaval value around the MSC in the loading direction decreases with the increasing external structure dimensions. The net earth pressure in the loading direction acting on the internal compartment of the MSC is smaller than that of the RSC at the same embedded depth. The maximum net earth pressure acting on the external structure outer wall in the loading direction is larger than that of the internal compartment, indicating that a considerable amount of the lateral load and moment is resisted by the external skirt structure.
引文
Bagheri,P.,Son,S.W.and Kim,J.M.,2017.Investigation of the loadbearing capacity of suction caissons used for offshore wind turbines,Applied Ocean Research,67,148-161.
Bienen,B.,Klinkvort,R.T.,O’Loughlin,C.,Zhu,F.and Byrne,B.W.,2018.Suction caissons in dense sand,Part I:Installation,limiting capacity and drainage,Géotechnique,68(11),937-952.
Byrne,B.,Houlsby,G.,Martin,C.and Fish,P.,2002.Suction caisson foundations for offshore wind turbines,Wind Engineering,26(3),145-155.
Chen,F.,Lian,J.J.,Wang,H.J.,Liu,F.,Wang,H.Z.and Zhao,Y.,2016.Large-scale experimental investigation of the installation of suction caissons in silt sand,Applied Ocean Research,60,109-120.
Jalbi,S.,Shadlou,M.and Bhattacharya,S.,2018.Impedance functions for rigid skirted caissons supporting offshore wind turbines,Ocean Engineering,150,21-35.
Keshavarz,A.and Ebrahimi,M.,2017.Axisymmetric passive lateral earth pressure of retaining walls,KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,21(5),1706-1716.
Kumar,N.D.and Rao,S.N.,2010.Earth pressures on caissons in marine clay under lateral loads-a laboratory study,Applied Ocean Research,32(1),58-70.
Li,D.Y.,Du,H.,Sun,Z.J.,Liu,X.L.,Wang,M.,Cao,L.X.and Song,Y.J.,2010.Seafloor Skirt-Type Suction Anchors,CN 200920239914.(in Chinese)
Li,D.Y.,Feng,L.Y.and Zhang,Y.K.,2014.Model tests of modified suction caissons in marine sand under monotonic lateral combined loading,Applied Ocean Research,48,137-147.
Li,D.Y.,Zhang,Y.K.,Feng,L.Y.and Gao,Y.F.,2015.Capacity of modified suction caissons in marine sand under static horizontal loading,Ocean Engineering,102,1-16.
Li,D.Y.,Ma,S.L.,Zhang,Y.K.and Chen,F.Q.,2018.Lateral bearing capacity of modified suction caissons determined by using the limit equilibrium method,China Ocean Engineering,32(4),461-466.
Mei,G.X.,Chen,Q.M.and Song,L.H.,2009.Model for predicting displacement-dependent lateral earth pressure,Canadian Geotechnical Journal,46(8),969-975.
Ni,P.P.,Song,L.H.,Mei,G.X.and Zhao,Y.L.,2018.On predicting displacement-dependent earth pressure for laterally loaded piles,Soils and Foundations,58(1),85-96.
Prasad,Y.V.S.N.and Chari,T.R.,1999.Lateral capacity of model rigid piles in cohesionless soils,Soils and Foundations,39(2),21-29.
Sharma,P.P.,2005.Ultimate Capacity of Suction Caisson in Normally and Lightly OverConsolidated Clays,MSc.Thesis,Texas A&M University,Texas.
Sun,X.Y.,Luan,M.T.and Tang,X.W.,2010.Study of horizontal bearing capacity of bucket foundation on saturated soft clay ground,Rock and Soil Mechanics,31(2),667-672.(in Chinese)
Zhang,P.Y.,Wei,W.,Jia,N.,Ding,H.Y.and Liu,R.,2018.Effect of seepage on the penetration resistance of bucket foundations with bulkheads for offshore wind turbines in sand,Ocean Engineering,156,82-92.
Zhang,Y.K.,Gao,Y.F.,Li,D.Y.and Mahfouz A.H.,2016a.H-Mbearing capacity of a modified suction caisson determined by using load-/displacement-controlled methods,China Ocean Engineering,30(6),926-941.
Zhang,Y.K.,Li,D.Y.and Gao,Y.F.,2016b.Earth pressures on modified suction caisson in saturated sand under monotonic lateral loading,Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy,8(5),053312.
Zhang,Y.K.,Li,D.Y.and Gao,Y.F.,2017.Model tests on installation and extraction of suction caissons in dense sand,Marine Georesources&Geotechnology,35(7),921-929.
Zhu,B.,Byrne,B.W.and Houlsby,G.T.,2013.Long-term lateral cyclic response of suction caisson foundations in sand,Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,139(1),73-83.
Zhu,B.,Kong,D.Q.,Chen,R.P.,Kong,L.G.and Chen,Y.M.,2011.Installation and lateral loading tests of suction caissons in silt,Canadian Geotechnical Journal,48(7),1070-1084.
Bienen,B.,Klinkvort,R.T.,O’Loughlin,C.,Zhu,F.and Byrne,B.W.,2018.Suction caissons in dense sand,Part I:Installation,limiting capacity and drainage,Géotechnique,68(11),937-952.
Byrne,B.,Houlsby,G.,Martin,C.and Fish,P.,2002.Suction caisson foundations for offshore wind turbines,Wind Engineering,26(3),145-155.
Chen,F.,Lian,J.J.,Wang,H.J.,Liu,F.,Wang,H.Z.and Zhao,Y.,2016.Large-scale experimental investigation of the installation of suction caissons in silt sand,Applied Ocean Research,60,109-120.
Jalbi,S.,Shadlou,M.and Bhattacharya,S.,2018.Impedance functions for rigid skirted caissons supporting offshore wind turbines,Ocean Engineering,150,21-35.
Keshavarz,A.and Ebrahimi,M.,2017.Axisymmetric passive lateral earth pressure of retaining walls,KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,21(5),1706-1716.
Kumar,N.D.and Rao,S.N.,2010.Earth pressures on caissons in marine clay under lateral loads-a laboratory study,Applied Ocean Research,32(1),58-70.
Li,D.Y.,Du,H.,Sun,Z.J.,Liu,X.L.,Wang,M.,Cao,L.X.and Song,Y.J.,2010.Seafloor Skirt-Type Suction Anchors,CN 200920239914.(in Chinese)
Li,D.Y.,Feng,L.Y.and Zhang,Y.K.,2014.Model tests of modified suction caissons in marine sand under monotonic lateral combined loading,Applied Ocean Research,48,137-147.
Li,D.Y.,Zhang,Y.K.,Feng,L.Y.and Gao,Y.F.,2015.Capacity of modified suction caissons in marine sand under static horizontal loading,Ocean Engineering,102,1-16.
Li,D.Y.,Ma,S.L.,Zhang,Y.K.and Chen,F.Q.,2018.Lateral bearing capacity of modified suction caissons determined by using the limit equilibrium method,China Ocean Engineering,32(4),461-466.
Mei,G.X.,Chen,Q.M.and Song,L.H.,2009.Model for predicting displacement-dependent lateral earth pressure,Canadian Geotechnical Journal,46(8),969-975.
Ni,P.P.,Song,L.H.,Mei,G.X.and Zhao,Y.L.,2018.On predicting displacement-dependent earth pressure for laterally loaded piles,Soils and Foundations,58(1),85-96.
Prasad,Y.V.S.N.and Chari,T.R.,1999.Lateral capacity of model rigid piles in cohesionless soils,Soils and Foundations,39(2),21-29.
Sharma,P.P.,2005.Ultimate Capacity of Suction Caisson in Normally and Lightly OverConsolidated Clays,MSc.Thesis,Texas A&M University,Texas.
Sun,X.Y.,Luan,M.T.and Tang,X.W.,2010.Study of horizontal bearing capacity of bucket foundation on saturated soft clay ground,Rock and Soil Mechanics,31(2),667-672.(in Chinese)
Zhang,P.Y.,Wei,W.,Jia,N.,Ding,H.Y.and Liu,R.,2018.Effect of seepage on the penetration resistance of bucket foundations with bulkheads for offshore wind turbines in sand,Ocean Engineering,156,82-92.
Zhang,Y.K.,Gao,Y.F.,Li,D.Y.and Mahfouz A.H.,2016a.H-Mbearing capacity of a modified suction caisson determined by using load-/displacement-controlled methods,China Ocean Engineering,30(6),926-941.
Zhang,Y.K.,Li,D.Y.and Gao,Y.F.,2016b.Earth pressures on modified suction caisson in saturated sand under monotonic lateral loading,Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy,8(5),053312.
Zhang,Y.K.,Li,D.Y.and Gao,Y.F.,2017.Model tests on installation and extraction of suction caissons in dense sand,Marine Georesources&Geotechnology,35(7),921-929.
Zhu,B.,Byrne,B.W.and Houlsby,G.T.,2013.Long-term lateral cyclic response of suction caisson foundations in sand,Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,139(1),73-83.
Zhu,B.,Kong,D.Q.,Chen,R.P.,Kong,L.G.and Chen,Y.M.,2011.Installation and lateral loading tests of suction caissons in silt,Canadian Geotechnical Journal,48(7),1070-1084.