大庆长垣扶余油层砂岩中方解石胶结物的碳、氧同位素特征及其成因
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摘要
方解石是大庆长垣深层砂岩中广泛分布的一种胶结物,同时方解石胶结作用是大庆长垣扶余油层致密储层的控制因素之一。以方解石胶结物为研究对象,运用薄片鉴定,扫描电镜观察、X-射线衍射分析、包裹体测试和碳、氧同位素分析,查明方解石碳、氧同位素组成及其成因。研究结果表明,储层砂岩类型为长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩,粘土以I/S(伊/蒙混层)+I(伊利石)+K(高岭石)组合为代表。方解石的碳同位素(δ13C,PDB)分布范围是-20.3‰~-3.2‰,氧同位素(δ18O,PDB)的分布范围是-25.3‰~-20.3‰,平均值为-22.67‰。碳、氧同位素分析数据的计算表明,碳酸盐的相对古盐度值(Z)介于73.92~109.89,表明其形成时的古流体均为矿化度较高的淡水;方解石的形成温度为80~100℃。方解石胶结物的同位素显示,其形成与有机酸脱羧作用有关,暗示其"碳"来源为有机碳。
Calcite is one the most widely spreading cements in deep sandstone reservoirs in Daqing Placanticline.It has also been regarded as the main factor for facilitating the formation of tight reservoirs in oil-bearing Fuyu layer.Thin section,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,fluid inclusion and carbon / oxygen isotope analyses were carried out on calcite from cored wells penetrating the layer to identify its isotope composition and genesis.The results show that the reservoirs are mainly feldspar lithic and lithic feldspar sandstone with clay minerals represented by I / S + I + K assemblage.The cement has its δ13C(PDB) value ranging between-20.3‰ and-3.2‰ and the δ18O(PDB) value varying from-25.3‰ to-20.3‰ with an average value of-22.67‰.Calculation shows that the paleosalinity Z is between73.92 and 109.89,indicating a fresh water environment with high salinity for the formation of carbonate.The temperature for the calcite to be formed is between 80 ℃ and 100 ℃ based on converted temperature of isotopes and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions.Isotope diagrams reveal that the formation of the calcite cement is probability connected with organic acid decarboxylation,inferring an "organic carbon"origin for the carbon in the cement.
Calcite is one the most widely spreading cements in deep sandstone reservoirs in Daqing Placanticline.It has also been regarded as the main factor for facilitating the formation of tight reservoirs in oil-bearing Fuyu layer.Thin section,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,fluid inclusion and carbon / oxygen isotope analyses were carried out on calcite from cored wells penetrating the layer to identify its isotope composition and genesis.The results show that the reservoirs are mainly feldspar lithic and lithic feldspar sandstone with clay minerals represented by I / S + I + K assemblage.The cement has its δ13C(PDB) value ranging between-20.3‰ and-3.2‰ and the δ18O(PDB) value varying from-25.3‰ to-20.3‰ with an average value of-22.67‰.Calculation shows that the paleosalinity Z is between73.92 and 109.89,indicating a fresh water environment with high salinity for the formation of carbonate.The temperature for the calcite to be formed is between 80 ℃ and 100 ℃ based on converted temperature of isotopes and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions.Isotope diagrams reveal that the formation of the calcite cement is probability connected with organic acid decarboxylation,inferring an "organic carbon"origin for the carbon in the cement.
引文
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[2]时保宏,张艳,张雷,等.运用流体包裹体资料探讨鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长9油藏史[J]石油与天然气地质,2015,36(1):17-22.Shi Baohong,ZhangY an,ZhangL ei,et al.Dating of hydrocarbon accumulation by fluid inclusion characteristics in the Chang9 of Yanchang Formation in Jiyuanarea,the Ordos Basin[J]Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(1):17-22.
[3]Cheng K,Wu W,Hllditch S A,et al.Assessment of the distribution of technically recoverable resources in north American basins[C]//Canadian Unconventional Resources and international Petroleum Conference,Calgary,Alberta,Cannada,2010:245-247.
[4]杨庆杰.松辽盆地北部大庆长垣扶余油层油气藏特征[D].北京:中国地质大学,2013:1-3.Yang Qingjie.Study on hydrocarbon reservoir forming characteristics of Fuyu oil-layer in Daqing Placanticline[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2013:1-3.
[5]张雷,朱伦葳,卢双舫,等.徐家围子断陷火山岩天然气盖层差异特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(1):7-16.Zhang Lei,Zhu Lunwei,Lu Shuangfang,et al.Differential characteristics of cap rocks of volcanic gas reservoirs in the Xujiaweizi fault-depression,Songliao Basin[J]Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(1):7-16.
[6]陈贤良,纪友亮,樊太亮,等.松辽盆地梨树断陷层序类型及发育模式[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(4):1151-1161.Chen Xianliang,Ji Youliang,Fan Tailiang,et al.Sequence stratigraphic types and models in Lishu rift,Songliao basin[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(4):1151-1161.
[7]宫雪,沈武显,逄海明.松南梨树断陷高精度地震层序及地震沉积相识别[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(5):1566-1573.Gong Xue,Shen Wuxian,Pang Haiming.High resolution seismic sequence and seismic sedimentary facies in Lishu fault depression of southern Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(5):1566-1573.
[8]王大锐.油气稳定同位素地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,2000:82-85.Wang Darui.Stable isotope geochemistry of oil and gas[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000:82-85.
[9]郭宏莉,王大锐.塔里木油气区砂岩储集层碳酸盐胶结物的同位素组成与成因分析[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(3):31-32.Guo Hongli,Wang Darui.Tarim expected the isotopic composition of sandstone reservoir in carbonate cements and cause analysis[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1999,26(3):31-32.
[10]何生,杨智,何治亮,等.准噶尔盆地腹部超压顶面附近深层砂岩碳酸盐胶结作用和次生溶蚀孔隙形成机理[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2009,34(5):759-768.He Sheng,Yang Zhi,He Zhiliang,et al.Mechanism of carbonate cementation and secondary dissolution porosity dormation in deep-burial and stones near the top overpressured surface in central part of Junggar Basin[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2009,34(5):759-768.
[11]田亚铭,施泽进,宋江海.鄂尔多斯盆地宜川-旬邑地区长8储集层碳酸盐胶结物特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(4):378-384.Tian Yaming,Shi Zejin,Song Jianghai,et al.Characteristics of carbonate cements of Member 8 of Yanchang Formation in the Yichuan-Xunyiarea,Ordos Basin,China[J].Joumal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2011,38(4):378-384.
[12]帅燕华,宋娜娜,张水昌,等.松辽盆地北部生物降解成因气及其成藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,23(54):659-670.Shuai Yanhua,Song Nana,Zhang Shuichang,et al.Gas of biodegradation origin and their pooling characteristics in northern Songliao Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,23(54):659-670.
[13]宋土顺,刘立,王玉杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地漂白砒砂岩的特征及成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(5):679-685.Song Tushun,Liu Li,Wang Yujie,et al.Characteristics and genesis of the bleached sandstone in,Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(5):679-685.
[14]秦积舜,张可,陈兴隆.高含水后CO2驱油机理的探讨[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):797-800.Qin Jisun,Zhang Ke,Chen Xinglong.Mechanism of the CO2flooding as reservoirs containing high water[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(5):797-800.
[15]杜建芬,陈静,李秋,等.CO2微观驱油实验研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(6):131-135.Du Jianfen,Chen Jing,Li Qiu,et al.Experimental study on micro-displacement oil for different CO2displacement mechanism[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2012,34(6):131-135.
[16]Campbell B T,Orr Jr F M.Flow visualization for CO2/crude-oil displacements[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1985,25(05):11958.
[17]Nobakhta M,Moghadam S,Gu Y.Mutual interactions between crude oil and CO2under different pressures[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2008,265:94-103.
[18]Keith M H,Weber J N.Isotopic composition and environmental classification of selected limestones and fossils[J].Gelchim Cosmochim Acta,1964,28:1787-1816.
[19]史婷婷,成建梅,解习农,等.松辽盆地北部地层水同位素特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2012,30(2):399-404.Shi Tingting,Cheng Jianmei,Xie Xinong,et al.Isotopic characteristics of formation waters in the North of Songliao basin and its geological significances[J].Acta Sedimentologica,2012,30(2):399-404.
[20]O’Neil J R,Clayton R N,Mayeda T K.Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1969,51:5547-5548.