铁路道岔转辙器部件轮轨两点接触计算方法研究
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摘要
根据基本轨与尖轨的相对位置及轨下支撑方式,分析车轮与转辙器钢轨的接触特性,在考虑尖轨与基本轨相对运动的基础上,提出铁路道岔转辙器部件轮轨两点接触的计算方法,以18号单开道岔为例,对比分析了标准和磨耗车轮LMA踏面与钢轨匹配时的轮轨接触特性,验证两点接触计算方法的正确性和可行性。研究表明:车轮踏面磨耗后,轮轨接触点位置更多的位于尖轨轨距角附近,会增大尖轨的侧面磨耗;车轮踏面磨耗会导致轮载转移的位置后移,增大车辆进入道岔时轮对蛇形运动的距离和幅度,进而导致横向轮轨动力相互作用的增大;磨耗后的车轮踏面,其轮轨两点接触的可能区域分布较为分散,可能造成轮轨接触点的无规律跳跃,从而引起较大的轮轨冲击振动作用。
The wheel-rail contact characteristics in switch panel of railway turnout were studied based on the relative positions of switch/stock rail and the difference of rail foundation. Considering the relative motion of switch/stock rails, a new method to determine the wheel-rail two-point contact was presented in this paper. In the case of Chinese No.18 single turnout, the wheel-rail contact characteristics between LMA wheel tread and rails were compared and analyzed, while the standard and worn wheel treads were used in the calculation process. The correctness and feasibility of wheel-rail two-point contact calculation method were verified by the results. The results show that for the worn wheel profile, the wheel-rail contact points are located closer to the gauge corner of the switch rail, which will increase the side wear of the switch rail. The wheel tread wear will cause the position of the wheel load transition to shift backward, which will increase the distance and amplitude of wheel-set hunting motion when the vehicle enters the turnout, and thus increase the lateral dynamic interaction between wheel and rail. The possible region of wheel-rail two-point contact is more scattered with the worn wheel profile, which may cause the wheel-rail contact points to skip irregularly, causing greater impact and vibration between the wheel and rail.
The wheel-rail contact characteristics in switch panel of railway turnout were studied based on the relative positions of switch/stock rail and the difference of rail foundation. Considering the relative motion of switch/stock rails, a new method to determine the wheel-rail two-point contact was presented in this paper. In the case of Chinese No.18 single turnout, the wheel-rail contact characteristics between LMA wheel tread and rails were compared and analyzed, while the standard and worn wheel treads were used in the calculation process. The correctness and feasibility of wheel-rail two-point contact calculation method were verified by the results. The results show that for the worn wheel profile, the wheel-rail contact points are located closer to the gauge corner of the switch rail, which will increase the side wear of the switch rail. The wheel tread wear will cause the position of the wheel load transition to shift backward, which will increase the distance and amplitude of wheel-set hunting motion when the vehicle enters the turnout, and thus increase the lateral dynamic interaction between wheel and rail. The possible region of wheel-rail two-point contact is more scattered with the worn wheel profile, which may cause the wheel-rail contact points to skip irregularly, causing greater impact and vibration between the wheel and rail.
引文
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[14] LI Z.Wheel-rail Rolling Contact and Its Application to Wear Simulation[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology,2002.
[15] 任尊松.轮轨多点接触计算方法研究[J].铁道学报,2011,33(1):25-30.REN Zunsong.Study on Wheel-rail Multi-point Contact Calculation[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(1):25-30.
[16] 陈小平.高速道岔轨道刚度理论及应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.
[17] 马晓川,王平,王健,等.尖轨降低值超限对转辙器动力特性的影响研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(3):99-100.MA Xiaochuan,WANG Ping,WANG Jian,et al.Study on Impact of Over-limit Reduced Value of Switch Rail on Dynamic Characteristics of Switch[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(3):99-100.
[2] 王平.道岔转辙器部分的力学特性分析[J].铁道学报,2000,22(1):79-82.WANG Ping.Analysis of Mechanical Characteristic for Switch Proper of Turnout[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2000,22(1):79-82.
[3] 王平.道岔转辙器部分轮载分布规律的研究[J].西南交通大学学报,1999,34(5):550-553.WANG Ping.A Study on Variation Regularity of Load on Switch of Turnout[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1999,34(5):550-553.
[4] XU J M,WANG P,WANG L,et al.Effects of Profile Wear on Wheel-rail Contact Conditions and Dynamic Interaction of Vehicle and Turnout[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2016,8(1):1-14.
[5] REN Z S,SUN S G,XIE G.A Method to Determine the Two-point Contact Zone and Transfer of Wheel-rail Forces in a Turnout [J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(10):1115-1133.
[6] REN Z S,IWNICKI S D,XIE G.A New Method for Determining Wheel-rail Multi-point Contact[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2011,49(10):1533-1551.
[7] 任尊松,孙守光.道岔区轮轨接触几何关系研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(11):223-230.REN Zunsong,SUN Shouguang.Study on the Wheel/rail Contact Geometry Relation of the Turnout Zone[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(11):223-230.
[8] ALFI S,BRUNI S.Mathematical Modelling of Train-turnout Interaction[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2009,47(5):551-574.
[9] SUGIYAMA H,SEKIGUCHI T,MATSUMURA R,et al.Wheel/rail Contact Dynamics in Turnout Negotiations with Combined Nodal and Non-conformal Contact Approach[J].Multibody System Dynamics,2012,27(1):55-74.
[10] SEBES M,AYASSE J B,CHOLLET H,et al.Application of a Semi-hertzian Method to the Simulation of Vehicles in High-speed Switches[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(S1):341-348.
[11] XU J M,WANG P,MA X C,et al.Comparison of Calculation Methods for Wheel-switch Rail Normal and Tangential Contact[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2017,231(2):148-161.
[12] 严隽耄.具有任意轮廓形状的轮轨空间几何约束的研究[J].西南交通大学学报,1983,18(1):40-48.YAN Junmao.Study on Spatial Contact Geometry for Arbitrary Wheel Profile[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1983,18(1):40-48.
[13] 王开文.车轮接触点迹线及轮轨接触几何参数的计算[J].西南交通大学学报,1984,19(1):88-99.WANG Kaiwen.Calculation of Wheel Profile Contact Point and Parameters[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1984,19(1):88-99.
[14] LI Z.Wheel-rail Rolling Contact and Its Application to Wear Simulation[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology,2002.
[15] 任尊松.轮轨多点接触计算方法研究[J].铁道学报,2011,33(1):25-30.REN Zunsong.Study on Wheel-rail Multi-point Contact Calculation[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(1):25-30.
[16] 陈小平.高速道岔轨道刚度理论及应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.
[17] 马晓川,王平,王健,等.尖轨降低值超限对转辙器动力特性的影响研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(3):99-100.MA Xiaochuan,WANG Ping,WANG Jian,et al.Study on Impact of Over-limit Reduced Value of Switch Rail on Dynamic Characteristics of Switch[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(3):99-100.