拟时移地震气藏剩余潜力研究
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摘要
时移地震是一种有效的油气藏监测技术,但高投入和高风险造成目前时移地震资料缺乏。由于不同年度采集、处理参数不同,地震资料存在非一致性问题,不能有效开展剩余潜力研究。为此,选择了处于开发后期的南海Y气田,通过对2001年二维和2015年三维地震资料优选和优化,形成拟时移地震资料;再应用拟时移地震资料识别气水关系、划分气藏水侵模式,并利用分频能量属性,结合气田生产数据模拟气藏动态,明确了气藏剩余潜力区。研究结果表明,当前Y气田西北区域隔层为高渗滤型和渗滤型,气藏处于强水侵状态,剩余潜力有限;东南区域隔层为非渗透型,气藏处于水侵初期,剩余潜力大,可作为下一步挖潜目标区。拟时移地震的应用证明了其可作为当前时移地震研究的补充部分发挥重要作用。
As a hydrocarbon reservoir monitoring approach,the time-lapse seismic is not widely used due to its high cost and high risks and time-lapse seismic data is not enough for reminding resource potential study.Therefore we conduct a reminding gas potential study based on quasi time-lapse seismic data.We use 2 D seismic data(surveyed in2001)as basic data and 3 Dseismic data(surveyed in 2015)as monitoring data in a later-stage gasfield,South China Sea.We analyze the relationship between water and gas and predict water invasion mode on the quasi time-lapse seismic data.According to frequency-segmented attributes and production information,we build a dynamic reservoir model,and then obtain reminding gas potential.Based on our study,as high and medium permeability barriers,the northwest part of the gas-field has limited reminding potential due to strong water approaching;while the southeast part has great reminding potential with argillaceous and stable barrier,which is a favourable zone for the later deployment.Our application proves that the proposed quasi time-lapse seismic might play an important role in the reminding resource potential study.
As a hydrocarbon reservoir monitoring approach,the time-lapse seismic is not widely used due to its high cost and high risks and time-lapse seismic data is not enough for reminding resource potential study.Therefore we conduct a reminding gas potential study based on quasi time-lapse seismic data.We use 2 D seismic data(surveyed in2001)as basic data and 3 Dseismic data(surveyed in 2015)as monitoring data in a later-stage gasfield,South China Sea.We analyze the relationship between water and gas and predict water invasion mode on the quasi time-lapse seismic data.According to frequency-segmented attributes and production information,we build a dynamic reservoir model,and then obtain reminding gas potential.Based on our study,as high and medium permeability barriers,the northwest part of the gas-field has limited reminding potential due to strong water approaching;while the southeast part has great reminding potential with argillaceous and stable barrier,which is a favourable zone for the later deployment.Our application proves that the proposed quasi time-lapse seismic might play an important role in the reminding resource potential study.
引文
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[14] 凌云,郭向宇,蔡银涛,等.无基础地震观测的时移地震油藏监测技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(6):938-947.LING Yun,GUO Xiangyu,CAI Yintao,et al.3.5D+4D seismic reservoir surveillance without baseline survey[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(6):938-947.
[15] 李伟,岳大力,胡光义,等.分频段地震属性优选及砂体预测方法——秦皇岛32-6油田北区实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):121-130.LI Wei,YUE Dali,HU Guangyi,et al.Frequency-segmented seismic attribute optimization and sandbody distribution prediction:an example in North Block,Qinghuangdao 32-6 Oilfield[J].Oil Geophysical Pro-specting,2017,52(1):121-130.
[16] 杜向东.中国海上地震勘探技术新进展[J].石油物探,2018,57(3):321-331.DU Xiangdong.Progress of seismic exploration technology in offshore China[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(3):321-331.
[17] 辛可锋,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14-20.XIN Kefeng,LI Zhenchun,WANG Yonggang,et al.Formation equivalent absorption coefficient inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2001,40(4):14-20.
[18] 李胜军,高建虎,雍学善,等.致密砂岩气藏频率域预测方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(6):2683-2689.LI Shengjun,GAO Jianhu,YONG Xueshan,et al.The prediction method for sandstone gas reservoir in frequency domain[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(6):2683-2689.
[2] 李绪宣,胡光义,范廷恩,等.海上油田时移地震技术适用条件及应用前景[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(6):48-52.LI Xuxuan,HU Guangyi,FAN Ting’en,et al.The application conditions and prospects of time-lapse seismic technology in offshore oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(6):48-52.
[3] 陈小宏,牟永光.四维地震油藏监测技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(6):707-715.CHEN Xiaohong,MOU Yongguang.Four-dimension-al seismic reservoir monitoring technique and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1998,33(6):707-715.
[4] Arts R,Eiken O,Chadwick A,et al.Monitoring of CO2,injected at Sleipner using time-lapse seismic data[J].Energy,2004,29(9):1383-1392.
[5] 王静波,陈祖庆,蒋福友,等.频率域高分辨率地震波阻抗直接反演方法研究[J].石油物探,2017,56(3):416-423.WANG Jingbo,CHEN Zuqing,JIANG Fuyou,et al.A direct-inversion method of high-resolution seismic impedance in frequency domain[J].Geophysical Pro-specting for Petroleum,2017,56(3):416-423.
[6] 张军华,张在金,张彬彬,等.地震低频信号对关键处理环节的影响分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(1):54-62.ZHANG Junhua,ZHANG Zaijin,ZHANG Binbin,et al.Low frequency signal influences on key seismic data processing procedures[J].Oil Geophysical Prospect-ing,2016,51(1):54-62.
[7] Lisa A,Roach N,Donald J,et al.Assessment of 4D seismic repeatability and CO2 detection limits using a sparse permanent land array at the Aquistore CO2 storage site[J].Geophysics,2015,80(2):WA1-WA13.
[8] Lisa A,Roach N,Donald J,et al.Initial 4D seismic results after CO2 injection start-up at the Aquistore storage site[J].Geophysics,2017,82(3):B95-B107.
[9] 周家雄,谢玉洪,陈志宏,等.时移地震在中国海上气田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):285-292.ZHOU Jiaxiong,XIE Yuhong,CHEN Zhihong,et al.Time-lapse seismic applications in China offshore gas fields[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(2):285-292.
[10] 邬达理,李宗杰,蒋波,等.陆上非重复性时移地震资料处理存在的问题与对策[J].石油物探,2015,54(4):427-434.WU Dali,LI Zongjie,JIANG Bo,et al.The problems for land non-repeated time-lapse seismic data processing and its countermeasures[J].Geophysical Prospect-ing for Petroleum,2015,54(4):427-434.
[11] 熊艳梅,徐春梅,邬达理,等.非刚性匹配技术在地震资料一致性处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(1):306-310.XIONG Yanmei,XU Chunmei,WU Dali,et al.Application of non-rigid matching technique in consistency processing of seismic data[J].Progress in Geophy-sics,2017,32(1):306-310.
[12] 张国栋,廖仪,马光克.速度体高精度建模法在深水M气田时深转换中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(5):2246-2254.ZHANG Guodong,LIAO Yi,MA Guangke.Application of high precision velocity modeling methods for time-depth conversion in deepwater M gas field[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(5):2246-2254.
[13] 石玉梅,刘雯林,胡润苗.我国东部油区水驱前沿地震监测和方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):415-422.SHI Yumei,LIU Wenlin,HU Runmiao.Study of approaches and seismic monitoring water drive front in oilfields of eastern China[J].Oil Geophysical Pro-specting,2006,41(4):415-422.
[14] 凌云,郭向宇,蔡银涛,等.无基础地震观测的时移地震油藏监测技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(6):938-947.LING Yun,GUO Xiangyu,CAI Yintao,et al.3.5D+4D seismic reservoir surveillance without baseline survey[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(6):938-947.
[15] 李伟,岳大力,胡光义,等.分频段地震属性优选及砂体预测方法——秦皇岛32-6油田北区实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):121-130.LI Wei,YUE Dali,HU Guangyi,et al.Frequency-segmented seismic attribute optimization and sandbody distribution prediction:an example in North Block,Qinghuangdao 32-6 Oilfield[J].Oil Geophysical Pro-specting,2017,52(1):121-130.
[16] 杜向东.中国海上地震勘探技术新进展[J].石油物探,2018,57(3):321-331.DU Xiangdong.Progress of seismic exploration technology in offshore China[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(3):321-331.
[17] 辛可锋,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14-20.XIN Kefeng,LI Zhenchun,WANG Yonggang,et al.Formation equivalent absorption coefficient inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2001,40(4):14-20.
[18] 李胜军,高建虎,雍学善,等.致密砂岩气藏频率域预测方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(6):2683-2689.LI Shengjun,GAO Jianhu,YONG Xueshan,et al.The prediction method for sandstone gas reservoir in frequency domain[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(6):2683-2689.