Evaluation of boron isotopes in halite as an indicator of the salinity of Qarhan paleolake water in the eastern Qaidam Basin, western China
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摘要
In this study, nineteen brine samples from the Qarhan Salt Lake(QSL) in western China were collected and analyzed for boron(B) and chlorine(Cl) concentrations, total dissolved solids(TDS), pH values and stable B isotopic compositions. The B concentrations and δ~(11) B values of brines in the QSL range from 51.6 mg/L to138.4 mg/L, and from +9.32& to +13.08&, respectively. By comparison of B concentrations and TDS of brines in QSL with evaporation paths of brackish water, we found that B enrichment of brines primarily results from strong evaporation and concentration of Qarhan lake water. Combining with comparisons of B concentrations, TDS, p H values and δ~(11) B values of brines, previously elemental ratios(K/Cl, Mg/Cl, Ca/Cl, B/Cl) and δ~(11) B values of halite from a sediment core(ISL1 A), we observe good correlations between B concentrations and TDS, TDS and pH values, pH and δ~(11) B values of brines, which demonstrate that higher B concentrations and more positive δ~(11) B values of halite indicate higher salinity of the Qarhan paleolake water as well as drier paleoclimatic conditions. Based on this interpretation of the δ~(11) B values of halite in core ISL1 A, higher salinity of the Qarhan paleolake occurred during two intervals, around 46-34 ka and26-9 ka, which are almost coincident with the upper and lower halite-dominated salt layers in core ISL1 A,drier climate phases documented from the δ~(18) O record of carbonate in core ISL1 A and the paleomoisture record in monsoonal central Asia, and a higher solar insolation at 30°N. These results demonstrate that the δ~(11) B values of halite in the arid Qaidam Basin could be regarded as a new proxy for reconstructing the salinity record of paleolake water as well as paleoclimate conditions.
In this study, nineteen brine samples from the Qarhan Salt Lake(QSL) in western China were collected and analyzed for boron(B) and chlorine(Cl) concentrations, total dissolved solids(TDS), pH values and stable B isotopic compositions. The B concentrations and δ~(11) B values of brines in the QSL range from 51.6 mg/L to138.4 mg/L, and from +9.32& to +13.08&, respectively. By comparison of B concentrations and TDS of brines in QSL with evaporation paths of brackish water, we found that B enrichment of brines primarily results from strong evaporation and concentration of Qarhan lake water. Combining with comparisons of B concentrations, TDS, p H values and δ~(11) B values of brines, previously elemental ratios(K/Cl, Mg/Cl, Ca/Cl, B/Cl) and δ~(11) B values of halite from a sediment core(ISL1 A), we observe good correlations between B concentrations and TDS, TDS and pH values, pH and δ~(11) B values of brines, which demonstrate that higher B concentrations and more positive δ~(11) B values of halite indicate higher salinity of the Qarhan paleolake water as well as drier paleoclimatic conditions. Based on this interpretation of the δ~(11) B values of halite in core ISL1 A, higher salinity of the Qarhan paleolake occurred during two intervals, around 46-34 ka and26-9 ka, which are almost coincident with the upper and lower halite-dominated salt layers in core ISL1 A,drier climate phases documented from the δ~(18) O record of carbonate in core ISL1 A and the paleomoisture record in monsoonal central Asia, and a higher solar insolation at 30°N. These results demonstrate that the δ~(11) B values of halite in the arid Qaidam Basin could be regarded as a new proxy for reconstructing the salinity record of paleolake water as well as paleoclimate conditions.
In this study, nineteen brine samples from the Qarhan Salt Lake(QSL) in western China were collected and analyzed for boron(B) and chlorine(Cl) concentrations, total dissolved solids(TDS), pH values and stable B isotopic compositions. The B concentrations and δ~(11) B values of brines in the QSL range from 51.6 mg/L to138.4 mg/L, and from +9.32& to +13.08&, respectively. By comparison of B concentrations and TDS of brines in QSL with evaporation paths of brackish water, we found that B enrichment of brines primarily results from strong evaporation and concentration of Qarhan lake water. Combining with comparisons of B concentrations, TDS, p H values and δ~(11) B values of brines, previously elemental ratios(K/Cl, Mg/Cl, Ca/Cl, B/Cl) and δ~(11) B values of halite from a sediment core(ISL1 A), we observe good correlations between B concentrations and TDS, TDS and pH values, pH and δ~(11) B values of brines, which demonstrate that higher B concentrations and more positive δ~(11) B values of halite indicate higher salinity of the Qarhan paleolake water as well as drier paleoclimatic conditions. Based on this interpretation of the δ~(11) B values of halite in core ISL1 A, higher salinity of the Qarhan paleolake occurred during two intervals, around 46-34 ka and26-9 ka, which are almost coincident with the upper and lower halite-dominated salt layers in core ISL1 A,drier climate phases documented from the δ~(18) O record of carbonate in core ISL1 A and the paleomoisture record in monsoonal central Asia, and a higher solar insolation at 30°N. These results demonstrate that the δ~(11) B values of halite in the arid Qaidam Basin could be regarded as a new proxy for reconstructing the salinity record of paleolake water as well as paleoclimate conditions.
引文
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Berger, A., Loutre, M.F., 1991. Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years. Quaternary Science Reviews 10, 297-317.
Boschetti, T., Toscani, L., Salvioli-Mariani, E., 2015. Boron isotope geochemistry of Na-bicarbonate, Na-chloride and Ca-chloride waters from the Northern Apennine Foredeep basin:other pieces of the sedimentary basin puzzle. Geofluids15, 546-562.
Cao, W.H., Wu, C., 2004. Brine resources and the technology of their comparhensive utilization. Publishing House of Geology, Beijing(in Chinese).
Casas, E., Lowenstein, T.K., Spencer, R.J., Zhang, P.X., 1992. Carnallite mineralization in the nonmarine Qaidam Basin, China:evidence for the early diagenetic origin of potash evaporites. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 62, 881-898.
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Fan, Q.S., Ma, H.Z., Wei, H.C., Shan, F.S., An, F.Y., Xu, L.M., Madsen, D.B., 2014b. Late Pleistocene paleoclimatic history documented by an oxygen isotope record from carbonate sediments in Qarhan Salt Lake, NE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 85, 202-209.
Fan, Q.S., Ma, H.Z., Wei, H.C., An, F.Y., 2014c. Holocene lake-level changes of Hurleg Lake on northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and possible forcing mechanism.The Holocene 24(3), 274-283.
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Barth, S., 1993. Boron isotope variations in nature:a synthesis. Geologische Rundschau 82, 640-651.
Berger, A., Loutre, M.F., 1991. Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years. Quaternary Science Reviews 10, 297-317.
Boschetti, T., Toscani, L., Salvioli-Mariani, E., 2015. Boron isotope geochemistry of Na-bicarbonate, Na-chloride and Ca-chloride waters from the Northern Apennine Foredeep basin:other pieces of the sedimentary basin puzzle. Geofluids15, 546-562.
Cao, W.H., Wu, C., 2004. Brine resources and the technology of their comparhensive utilization. Publishing House of Geology, Beijing(in Chinese).
Casas, E., Lowenstein, T.K., Spencer, R.J., Zhang, P.X., 1992. Carnallite mineralization in the nonmarine Qaidam Basin, China:evidence for the early diagenetic origin of potash evaporites. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 62, 881-898.
Chen, K.Z., Bowler, J.M., 1986. Late pleistocene evolution of salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai province, China. Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology. Palaeoecology 54, 87-104.
Dong, J.H., 1984. Mineralogical chemistry of halite in modern salt lakes of China.Acta Mineralogica Sinica 1, 29-34(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fan, Q.S., Ma, H.Z., Ma, Z.B., Wei, H.C., Han, F.Q., 2014a. An assessment and comparison of 230Th and AMS 14C ages for lacustrine sediments from Qarhan Salt Lake area in arid western China. Environmental Earth Sciences 71(3),1227-1237.
Fan, Q.S., Ma, H.Z., Wei, H.C., Shan, F.S., An, F.Y., Xu, L.M., Madsen, D.B., 2014b. Late Pleistocene paleoclimatic history documented by an oxygen isotope record from carbonate sediments in Qarhan Salt Lake, NE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 85, 202-209.
Fan, Q.S., Ma, H.Z., Wei, H.C., An, F.Y., 2014c. Holocene lake-level changes of Hurleg Lake on northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and possible forcing mechanism.The Holocene 24(3), 274-283.
Fan, Q.S., Ma, Y.Q., Cheng, H.D., Wei, H.C., Yuan, Q., Qin, Z.J., Shan, F.S., 2015. Boron occurrence in halite and boron isotope geochemistry of halite in the Qarhan Salt Lake, western China. Sedimentary Geology 322, 34-42.
Fang, X.M., Wu, F.L., Han, W.X., Wang, Y.D., Zhang, X.Z., Zhang, W.L., 2008. Pliopleistocene drying process of Asian inland-sporopollen and salinigy records from Yahu section in the central Qaidam Basin. Quaternary Sciences 28(5),874-882(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gao, Z.H., 1987. Preliminary study on carbonates in clastic sedimentary layers of some salt lakes in Qaidam Basin. In:Proceedings of the Sino-Australian Quaternary Meeting, pp. 142-152(in Chinese with English abstract).
Han, F.Q., Huang, Q., Wang, K.J., Wang, H.A., Yuan, L., 1995. Study of geochemical evolution and palaeoclimatic fluctuation of Kunteye salt lake in the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica 26(5), 502-508(in Chinese with English abstract).
He, M.Y., Xiao, Y.K., Jin, Z.D., Ma, Y.Q., Xiao, J., Zhang, Y.L., Luo, C.G., Zhang, F., 2013.Accurate and precise determination of boron isotopic ratios at low concentration by positive thermal ionization mass spectrometry using static multicollection of Cs2BO2+ions. Analytical Chemistry 85, 6248-6253.
Hemming, N.G., Hanson, G.N., 1992. Boron isotopic composition and concentration in modern marine carbonates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56(1),537-543.
Honisch, B., Hemming, N.G., 2004. Ground-truthing the boron isotope-paleo-pH proxy in planktonic foraminifera shells:partial dissolution and shell size effects. Paleoceanography 19(4), PA4010. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001026.
Honisch, B., Hemming, N.G., Grottoli, A.G., Amat, A., Hanson, G.N., Buma, J., 2004.Assessing scleractinian corals as recorders for paleo-pH:empirical calibration and vital effects. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68(18), 3675-3685.
Herzschuh, U., 2006. Palaeo-moisture evolution in monsoonal Central Asia during the last 50,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews 25,163-178.
Huang, Q., Han, F.Q., 2007. Paleoclimatic Fluctuation and Evolution of Slat Lakes in Qaidam Basin. Science Press, pp. 52-146(in Chinese with English abstract).
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