Soliton and bound-state soliton mode-locked fiber laser based on a MoS_2/fluorine mica Langmuir–Blodgett film saturable absorber
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摘要
In this article, we report on an experimentally generated soliton and bound-state soliton passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser by incorporating a saturable absorber(SA) made of MoS2∕fluorine mica(FM) that was fabricated with the Langmuir–Blodgett(LB) method. The FM substrate is 20 μm thick and easy to bend or cut,like a polymer. However, it has a higher damage threshold and a better thermal dissipation than polymers.In addition, the LB method can be used to fabricate a thin film with good uniformity. In this study, the modulation depth, saturable intensity, and unsaturated loss of the SA are measured as 5.9%, 57.69 MW∕cm2, and13.4%, respectively. Based on the SA, a soliton mode-locked laser is achieved. The pulse duration, repetition rate, and signal-to-noise ratio are 581 fs, 15.67 MHz, and 65 dB, respectively. By adjusting the polarization controller and pump power, we obtain a bound-state soliton mode-locked pulse. The temporal interval between the two solitons forming the bound-state pulse is 2.7 ps. The repetition rate of the bound-state pulses is proportional to the pump power. The maximum repetition rate is 517 MHz, corresponding to the 33 rd harmonic of the fundamental repetition rate. The results indicate that the MoS2∕FM LB film absorber is a promising photonic device in ultrafast fiber lasers.
In this article, we report on an experimentally generated soliton and bound-state soliton passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser by incorporating a saturable absorber(SA) made of MoS2∕fluorine mica(FM) that was fabricated with the Langmuir–Blodgett(LB) method. The FM substrate is 20 μm thick and easy to bend or cut,like a polymer. However, it has a higher damage threshold and a better thermal dissipation than polymers.In addition, the LB method can be used to fabricate a thin film with good uniformity. In this study, the modulation depth, saturable intensity, and unsaturated loss of the SA are measured as 5.9%, 57.69 MW∕cm2, and13.4%, respectively. Based on the SA, a soliton mode-locked laser is achieved. The pulse duration, repetition rate, and signal-to-noise ratio are 581 fs, 15.67 MHz, and 65 dB, respectively. By adjusting the polarization controller and pump power, we obtain a bound-state soliton mode-locked pulse. The temporal interval between the two solitons forming the bound-state pulse is 2.7 ps. The repetition rate of the bound-state pulses is proportional to the pump power. The maximum repetition rate is 517 MHz, corresponding to the 33 rd harmonic of the fundamental repetition rate. The results indicate that the MoS2∕FM LB film absorber is a promising photonic device in ultrafast fiber lasers.
In this article, we report on an experimentally generated soliton and bound-state soliton passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser by incorporating a saturable absorber(SA) made of MoS2∕fluorine mica(FM) that was fabricated with the Langmuir–Blodgett(LB) method. The FM substrate is 20 μm thick and easy to bend or cut,like a polymer. However, it has a higher damage threshold and a better thermal dissipation than polymers.In addition, the LB method can be used to fabricate a thin film with good uniformity. In this study, the modulation depth, saturable intensity, and unsaturated loss of the SA are measured as 5.9%, 57.69 MW∕cm2, and13.4%, respectively. Based on the SA, a soliton mode-locked laser is achieved. The pulse duration, repetition rate, and signal-to-noise ratio are 581 fs, 15.67 MHz, and 65 dB, respectively. By adjusting the polarization controller and pump power, we obtain a bound-state soliton mode-locked pulse. The temporal interval between the two solitons forming the bound-state pulse is 2.7 ps. The repetition rate of the bound-state pulses is proportional to the pump power. The maximum repetition rate is 517 MHz, corresponding to the 33 rd harmonic of the fundamental repetition rate. The results indicate that the MoS2∕FM LB film absorber is a promising photonic device in ultrafast fiber lasers.
引文
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2.B.Oktem,C.Ulgudur,and F.O.Ilday,“Soliton-similariton fibre laser,”Nat.Photonics 4,307-311(2010).
3.Y.D.Cui,D.D.Han,X.K.Yao,and Z.P.Sun,“Distributed ultrafast fibre laser,”Sci.Rep.5,9101(2015).
4.L.Yun and X.M.Liu,“Generation and propagation of bound-state pulses in a passively mode-locked figure-eight laser,”IEEE Photon.J.4,512-519(2012).
5.A.P.Luo,Z.C.Luo,W.C.Xu,V.V.Dvoyrin,V.M.Mashinsky,and E.M.Dianov,“Tunable and switchable dual-wavelength passively mode-locked Bi-doped all-fiber ring laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation,”Laser Phys.Lett.8,601-605(2011).
6.L.E.Nelson,D.J.Jones,K.Tamura,H.A.Haus,and E.P.Ippen,“Ultrashort-pulse fiber ring lasers,”Appl.Phys.B 65,277-294(1997).
7.I.N.Duling,“All-fiber ring soliton laser mode locked with a nonlinear mirror,”Opt.Lett.16,539-541(1991).
8.Q.L.Bao,H.Zhang,Y.Wang,Z.H.Ni,Y.L.Yan,Z.X.Shen,K.P.Loh,and D.Y.Tang,“Atomic-layer graphene as a saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers,”Adv.Funct.Mater.19,3077-3083(2009).
9.H.Zhang,D.Y.Tang,L.M.Zhao,Q.L.Bao,and K.P.Loh,“Large energy mode locking of an erbium-doped fiber laser with atomic layer graphene,”Opt.Express 17,17630-17635(2009).
10.U.Keller,K.J.Weingarten,F.X.Kartner,D.Kopf,B.Braun,I.D.Jung,R.Fluck,C.Honninger,N.Matuschek,and J.Aus der Au,“Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors(SESAM’s)for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,”IEEE J.Sel.Top.Quantum Electron.2,435-453(1996).
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12.P.G.Yan,R.Y.Lin,S.C.Ruan,A.J.Liu,H.Chen,Y.Q.Zheng,S.F.Chen,C.Y.Guo,and J.G.Hu,“A practical topological insulator saturable absorber for mode-locked fiber laser,”Sci.Rep.5,8690(2015).
13.T.Hasan,Z.P.Sun,F.Q.Wang,F.Bonaccorso,P.H.Tan,A.G.Rozhin,and A.C.Ferrari,“Nanotube-polymer composites for ultrafast photonics,”Adv.Mater.21,3874-3899(2009).
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15.C.J.Zhao,H.Zhang,X.Qi,Y.Chen,Z.T.Wang,S.C.Wen,and D.Y.Tang,“Ultra-short pulse generation by a topological insulator based saturable absorber,”Appl.Phys.Lett.101,211106(2012).
16.H.H.Shao,Y.M.Liu,X.Y.Zhou,and G.H.Zhou,“Electron states scattering off line edges on the surface of topological insulator,”Chin.Phys.B 23,107304(2014).
17.K.Wu,X.Zhang,J.Wang,X.Li,and J.Chen,“WS2as a saturable absorber for ultrafast photonic applications of mode-locked and Q-switched lasers,”Opt.Express 23,11453-11461(2015).
18.R.Khazaeinezhad,S.H.Kassani,H.Jeong,K.J.Park,B.Y.Kim,D.Yeom,and K.Oh,“Ultrafast pulsed all-fiber laser based on tapered fiber enclosed by few-layer WS2nano-sheets,”IEEE Photon.Technol.Lett.27,1581-1584(2015).
19.J.D.Yin,J.R.Li,H.Chen,J.T.Wang,P.G.Yan,M.L.Liu,W.J.Liu,W.Lu,Z.H.Xu,W.F.Zhang,J.Z.Wang,Z.P.Sun,and S.C.Ruan,“Large-area highly crystalline WSe2atomic layers for ultrafast pulsed lasers,”Opt.Express 25,30020-30031(2017).
20.Z.Q.Luo,Y.Y.Li,M.Zhong,Y.Z.Huang,X.J.Wan,J.Peng,and J.Weng,“Nonlinear optical absorption of few-layer molybdenum diselenide(MoSe2)for passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser,”Photon.Res.3,A79-A86(2015).
21.K.Wu,X.Y.Zhang,J.Wang,and J.P.Chen,“463-MHz fundamental mode-locked fiber laser based on few-layer MoS2saturable absorber,”Opt.Lett.40,1374-1377(2015).
22.H.D.Xia,H.P.Li,C.Y.Lan,C.Li,X.X.Zhang,S.J.Zhang,and Y.Liu,“Ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser mode-locked by a CVD-grown molybdenum disulfide(MoS2)saturable absorber,”Opt.Express 22,17341-17348(2014).
23.R.Khazaeizhad,S.H.Kassani,H.Jeong,D.Yeom,and K.Oh,“Mode-locking of Er-doped fiber laser using a multilayer MoS2thin film as a saturable absorber in both anomalous and normal dispersion regimes,”Opt.Express 22,23732-23742(2014).
24.Z.C.Luo,M.Liu,Z.N.Guo,X.F.Jiang,A.P.Luo,C.J.Zhao,X.F.Yu,W.C.Xu,and H.Zhang,“Microfiber-based few-layer black phosphorus saturable absorber for ultra-fast fiber laser,”Opt.Express 23,20030-20039(2015).
25.S.C.Liu,Y.N.Zhang,L.Li,Y.G.Wang,R.D.Lv,X.Wang,Z.D.Chen,and L.L.Wei,“Er-doped Q-switched fiber laser with black phosphorus/polymethyl methacrylate saturable absorber,”Appl.Opt.57,1292-1295(2018).
26.G.B.Jiang,L.L.Miao,J.Yi,B.Huang,W.Peng,Y.H.Zou,H.H.Huang,W.Hu,C.J.Zhao,and S.C.Wen,“Ultrafast pulse generation from erbium-doped fiber laser modulated by hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites,”Appl.Phy.Lett.110,161111(2017).
27.X.T.Jiang,S.X.Liu,W.Y.Liang,S.J.Luo,Z.L.He,Y.Q.Ge,H.D.Wang,R.Cao,F.Zhang,Q.Wen,J.Q.Li,Q.L.Bao,D.Y.Fan,and H.Zhang,“Broadband nonlinear photonics in few-layer MXene Ti3C2Tx(T=F,O,or OH),”Laser Photon.Rev.12,1870013(2018).
28.L.Lu,X.Tang,R.Cao,L.M.Wu,Z.J.Li,G.H.Jing,B.Q.Dong,S.B.Lu,Y.Li,Y.J.Xiang,J.Q.Li,D.Y.Fan,and H.Zhang,“Broadband nonlinear optical response in few-layer antimonene and antimonene quantum dots:a promising optical Kerr media with enhanced stability,”Adv.Opt.Mater.5,1700301(2017).
29.H.Zhang,S.B.Lu,J.Zheng,J.Du,S.C.Wen,D.Y.Tang,and K.P.Loh,“Molybdenum disulfide(MoS2)as a broadband saturable absorber for ultra-fast photonics,”Opt.Express 22,7249-7260(2014).
30.R.Wang,H.C.Chien,J.Kumar,N.Kumar,H.Y.Chiu,and H.Zhao,“Third-harmonic generation in ultrathin films of MoS2,”ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 6,314-318(2013).
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