Macroecological Patterns of Climatic Niche Breadth Variation in Lacertid Lizards
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摘要
Measuring climatic niche position and breadth may help to determine where species can occur over space and time. Using GIS-based and phylogenetic comparative methods, we investigated global patterns of variation in climatic niche breadth in lacertid lizards to test the following three hypotheses about climatic niche widths. First, does a species' temperature or precipitation niche breadth relate to its temperature or precipitation niche position(the mean value of annual mean temperature or annual precipitation across sampled localities in the range of each species)? Second, are there trade-offs between a species' temperature niche breadth and precipitation niche breadth? Third, does a species' temperature or precipitation niche breadth relate to altitude or latitude? We expect that:(1) species distributed in cold regions are specialized for low-temperature environments(i.e. narrow niche breadth center around low temperatures);(2) a negative relationship between species niche breadth on temperature and precipitation axes according to the tradeoff hypothesis(i.e. species that tolerate a broad range of precipitation regimes cannot also tolerate a broad range of temperatures);(3) precipitation niche breadth decreases with altitude or latitude, whereas temperature climatic niche breadth increases with altitude or latitude. Based on the analytical results we found that:(1) temperature niche breadth and position are negatively related, while precipitation niche breadth and position are positively related;(2) there is no trade-off between temperature and precipitation niche breadths; and (3) temperature niche breadth and latitude/altitude are positively related, but precipitation niche breadth and latitude/altitude are not significantly related. Our results show many similarities with previous studies on climatic niche widths reported for amphibians and lizards, which provide further evidence that such macroecological patterns of variation in climatic niche breadths may be widespread.
Measuring climatic niche position and breadth may help to determine where species can occur over space and time. Using GIS-based and phylogenetic comparative methods, we investigated global patterns of variation in climatic niche breadth in lacertid lizards to test the following three hypotheses about climatic niche widths. First, does a species' temperature or precipitation niche breadth relate to its temperature or precipitation niche position(the mean value of annual mean temperature or annual precipitation across sampled localities in the range of each species)? Second, are there trade-offs between a species' temperature niche breadth and precipitation niche breadth? Third, does a species' temperature or precipitation niche breadth relate to altitude or latitude? We expect that:(1) species distributed in cold regions are specialized for low-temperature environments(i.e. narrow niche breadth center around low temperatures);(2) a negative relationship between species niche breadth on temperature and precipitation axes according to the tradeoff hypothesis(i.e. species that tolerate a broad range of precipitation regimes cannot also tolerate a broad range of temperatures);(3) precipitation niche breadth decreases with altitude or latitude, whereas temperature climatic niche breadth increases with altitude or latitude. Based on the analytical results we found that:(1) temperature niche breadth and position are negatively related, while precipitation niche breadth and position are positively related;(2) there is no trade-off between temperature and precipitation niche breadths; and (3) temperature niche breadth and latitude/altitude are positively related, but precipitation niche breadth and latitude/altitude are not significantly related. Our results show many similarities with previous studies on climatic niche widths reported for amphibians and lizards, which provide further evidence that such macroecological patterns of variation in climatic niche breadths may be widespread.
Measuring climatic niche position and breadth may help to determine where species can occur over space and time. Using GIS-based and phylogenetic comparative methods, we investigated global patterns of variation in climatic niche breadth in lacertid lizards to test the following three hypotheses about climatic niche widths. First, does a species' temperature or precipitation niche breadth relate to its temperature or precipitation niche position(the mean value of annual mean temperature or annual precipitation across sampled localities in the range of each species)? Second, are there trade-offs between a species' temperature niche breadth and precipitation niche breadth? Third, does a species' temperature or precipitation niche breadth relate to altitude or latitude? We expect that:(1) species distributed in cold regions are specialized for low-temperature environments(i.e. narrow niche breadth center around low temperatures);(2) a negative relationship between species niche breadth on temperature and precipitation axes according to the tradeoff hypothesis(i.e. species that tolerate a broad range of precipitation regimes cannot also tolerate a broad range of temperatures);(3) precipitation niche breadth decreases with altitude or latitude, whereas temperature climatic niche breadth increases with altitude or latitude. Based on the analytical results we found that:(1) temperature niche breadth and position are negatively related, while precipitation niche breadth and position are positively related;(2) there is no trade-off between temperature and precipitation niche breadths; and (3) temperature niche breadth and latitude/altitude are positively related, but precipitation niche breadth and latitude/altitude are not significantly related. Our results show many similarities with previous studies on climatic niche widths reported for amphibians and lizards, which provide further evidence that such macroecological patterns of variation in climatic niche breadths may be widespread.
引文
Alahuhta J.,Virtala A.,Hjort J.,Ecke F.,Johnson L.B.,Sass L.,Heino J.2017.Average niche breadths of species in lake macrophyte communities respond to ecological gradients variably in four regions on two continents.Oecologia,184:219-235
Bonetti M.F.,Wiens J.J.2014.Evolution of climatic niche specialization:a phylogenetic analysis in amphibians.Proc RSoc B,281:20133229
Castro-Insua A,Gómez-Rodríguez C,Wiens J.J,Baselga A.2018.Climatic niche divergence drives patterns of diversification and richness among mammal families.Sci Rep,8:8781
Chejanovski Z.A.,Wiens J.J.2014.Climatic niche breadth and species richness in temperate treefrogs.J Biogeogr,41:1936-1946
Dellinger A.S.,Essl F.,Hojsgaard D.,Kirchheimer B.,Klatt S.,Dawson W.,Pergl J.,Py?ek P.,van Kleunen M.,Weber E.,Winter M.,H?randl E.,Dullinger S.2016.Niche dynamics of alien species do not differ among sexual and apomictic flowering plants.New Phytol,209:1313-1323
Gómez-Rodríguez C.,Baselga A.,Wiens J.J.2015.Is diversification rate related to climatic niche width?Global Ecol Biogeogr,24:383-395
Hijmans R.J.,Cameron S.E.,Parra J.L.,Jones P.G.,Jarvis A.2005.Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas.Int J Climatol,25:1965-1978
Holt R.D.2009.Bringing the Hutchinsonian niche into the 21st century:ecological and evolutionary perspectives.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,106:19659-19665
Janzen D.H.1967.Why mountain passes are higher in the tropics.Am Nat,101:233-249
Kozak K.H.,Wiens J.J.2010.Accelerated rates of climatic-niche evolution underlie rapid species diversification.Ecol Lett,13:1378-1389
Lavergne S.,Mouquet N.,Thuiller W.,Ronce O.2010.Biodiversity and climate change:integrating evolutionary and ecological responses of species and communities.Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst,41:321-350
Lin L.H.,Wiens J.J.2017.Comparing macroecological patterns across continents:evolution of climatic niche breadth in varanid lizards.Ecography,40:960-970
Lin L.H.,Zhu X.M.,Du Y.,Fang M.C.,Ji X.2019.Global,regional,and cladistic patterns of variation in climatic niche breadths in terrestrial elapid snakes.Curr Zool,65:1-9
Li Y.M.,Li X.P.,Sandel B.,Blank D.,Liu Z.,Liu X.,Yan S.F.2016.Climate and topography explain range sizes of terrestrial vertebrates.Nat Clim Change,6:498-502
Lüddecke H.,Sínchez O.R.2002.Are tropical highland frog calls cold-adapted?The case of the Andean frog Hyla labialis.Biotropica,34:281-288
Mani M.S.1968.Ecology and biogeography of high altitude insects.The Hague:Springer Netherlands
McGill B.J.,Enquist B.J.,Weiher E.,Westoby M.2006.Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits.Trends Ecol Evol,21:178-185
Noru?is M.J.2011.IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Guide to Data Analysis:International Edition.Zug,Switzerland:Pearson Schweiz Ag
Orme D.2013.The caper package:Comparative analysis of phylogenetics and evolution in R.Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/caper/index.html
Pyron R.A.,Burbrink F.T.,Wiens J.J.2013.A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata,including 4161 species of lizards and snakes.BMC Evol Biol,13:93
Quintero I.,Wiens J.J.2013.What determines the climatic niche width of species?The role of spatial and temporal climatic variation in three vertebrate clades.Global Ecol Biogeogr,22:422-432
R Development Core Team.2013.R:A language and environment for statistical computing.Vienna:R Foundation for Statistical Computing.Retrieved from http://www.R-project.org
Ralston J.,Deluca W.V.,Feldman R.E.,King D.I.2016.Realized climate niche breadth varies with population trend and distribution in North American birds.Global Ecol Biogeogr,25:1173-1180
Rolland J.,Salamin N.2016.Niche width impacts vertebrate diversification.Global Ecol Biogeogr,25:1252-1263
Soberón J.2007.Grinnellian and Eltonian niches and geographic distributions of species.Ecol Lett,10:1115-1123
Tang Q.Y.,Zhang C.X.2013.Data Processing System(DPS)software with experimental design,statistical analysis and data mining developed for use in entomological research.Insect Sci.20:254-260
Title P.O.,Burns K.J.2015.Rates of climatic niche evolution are correlated with species richness in a large and ecologically diverse radiation of songbirds.Ecol Lett,18:433-440
Uetz P.,Ho?ek J.2016.The reptile database.Retrieved from http://www.reptile-database.org
Vázquez D.P.,Stevens R.D.2004.The latitudinal gradient in niche breadth:concepts and evidence.Am Nat,164:E1-E19
Velasco J.A.,Martínez-Meyer E.,Flores-Villela O.,García A.,Algar A.C.,K?hler G.,Daza J.M.2016.Climatic niche attributes and diversification in Anolis lizards.J Biogeogr,43:134-144
Wiens J.J.,Kozak K.H.,Silva N.2013.Diversity and niche evolution along aridity gradients in North American lizards(Phrynosomatidae).Evolution,67:1715-1728
Bonetti M.F.,Wiens J.J.2014.Evolution of climatic niche specialization:a phylogenetic analysis in amphibians.Proc RSoc B,281:20133229
Castro-Insua A,Gómez-Rodríguez C,Wiens J.J,Baselga A.2018.Climatic niche divergence drives patterns of diversification and richness among mammal families.Sci Rep,8:8781
Chejanovski Z.A.,Wiens J.J.2014.Climatic niche breadth and species richness in temperate treefrogs.J Biogeogr,41:1936-1946
Dellinger A.S.,Essl F.,Hojsgaard D.,Kirchheimer B.,Klatt S.,Dawson W.,Pergl J.,Py?ek P.,van Kleunen M.,Weber E.,Winter M.,H?randl E.,Dullinger S.2016.Niche dynamics of alien species do not differ among sexual and apomictic flowering plants.New Phytol,209:1313-1323
Gómez-Rodríguez C.,Baselga A.,Wiens J.J.2015.Is diversification rate related to climatic niche width?Global Ecol Biogeogr,24:383-395
Hijmans R.J.,Cameron S.E.,Parra J.L.,Jones P.G.,Jarvis A.2005.Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas.Int J Climatol,25:1965-1978
Holt R.D.2009.Bringing the Hutchinsonian niche into the 21st century:ecological and evolutionary perspectives.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,106:19659-19665
Janzen D.H.1967.Why mountain passes are higher in the tropics.Am Nat,101:233-249
Kozak K.H.,Wiens J.J.2010.Accelerated rates of climatic-niche evolution underlie rapid species diversification.Ecol Lett,13:1378-1389
Lavergne S.,Mouquet N.,Thuiller W.,Ronce O.2010.Biodiversity and climate change:integrating evolutionary and ecological responses of species and communities.Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst,41:321-350
Lin L.H.,Wiens J.J.2017.Comparing macroecological patterns across continents:evolution of climatic niche breadth in varanid lizards.Ecography,40:960-970
Lin L.H.,Zhu X.M.,Du Y.,Fang M.C.,Ji X.2019.Global,regional,and cladistic patterns of variation in climatic niche breadths in terrestrial elapid snakes.Curr Zool,65:1-9
Li Y.M.,Li X.P.,Sandel B.,Blank D.,Liu Z.,Liu X.,Yan S.F.2016.Climate and topography explain range sizes of terrestrial vertebrates.Nat Clim Change,6:498-502
Lüddecke H.,Sínchez O.R.2002.Are tropical highland frog calls cold-adapted?The case of the Andean frog Hyla labialis.Biotropica,34:281-288
Mani M.S.1968.Ecology and biogeography of high altitude insects.The Hague:Springer Netherlands
McGill B.J.,Enquist B.J.,Weiher E.,Westoby M.2006.Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits.Trends Ecol Evol,21:178-185
Noru?is M.J.2011.IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Guide to Data Analysis:International Edition.Zug,Switzerland:Pearson Schweiz Ag
Orme D.2013.The caper package:Comparative analysis of phylogenetics and evolution in R.Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/caper/index.html
Pyron R.A.,Burbrink F.T.,Wiens J.J.2013.A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata,including 4161 species of lizards and snakes.BMC Evol Biol,13:93
Quintero I.,Wiens J.J.2013.What determines the climatic niche width of species?The role of spatial and temporal climatic variation in three vertebrate clades.Global Ecol Biogeogr,22:422-432
R Development Core Team.2013.R:A language and environment for statistical computing.Vienna:R Foundation for Statistical Computing.Retrieved from http://www.R-project.org
Ralston J.,Deluca W.V.,Feldman R.E.,King D.I.2016.Realized climate niche breadth varies with population trend and distribution in North American birds.Global Ecol Biogeogr,25:1173-1180
Rolland J.,Salamin N.2016.Niche width impacts vertebrate diversification.Global Ecol Biogeogr,25:1252-1263
Soberón J.2007.Grinnellian and Eltonian niches and geographic distributions of species.Ecol Lett,10:1115-1123
Tang Q.Y.,Zhang C.X.2013.Data Processing System(DPS)software with experimental design,statistical analysis and data mining developed for use in entomological research.Insect Sci.20:254-260
Title P.O.,Burns K.J.2015.Rates of climatic niche evolution are correlated with species richness in a large and ecologically diverse radiation of songbirds.Ecol Lett,18:433-440
Uetz P.,Ho?ek J.2016.The reptile database.Retrieved from http://www.reptile-database.org
Vázquez D.P.,Stevens R.D.2004.The latitudinal gradient in niche breadth:concepts and evidence.Am Nat,164:E1-E19
Velasco J.A.,Martínez-Meyer E.,Flores-Villela O.,García A.,Algar A.C.,K?hler G.,Daza J.M.2016.Climatic niche attributes and diversification in Anolis lizards.J Biogeogr,43:134-144
Wiens J.J.,Kozak K.H.,Silva N.2013.Diversity and niche evolution along aridity gradients in North American lizards(Phrynosomatidae).Evolution,67:1715-1728