基于耕地生产潜力的产量差研究——以云南省盈江县为例
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摘要
【目的】研究云南省盈江县的耕地生产潜力及产量差,为该区域的土地利用、资源保障、经济发展等提供重要的支撑作用。【方法】以盈江县耕地地力调查数据为基础,利用Arc GIS 10.0软件对基础数据进行转换、叠加及分析,重点关注研究区域中耕地地块的属性,利用生产潜力计算模型分析盈江县耕地生产潜力,并根据耕地的实际产量数据分析其产量差。【结果】盈江县耕地生产潜力主要分布在9.46~24.87 t/hm~2之间,县域均值为14.17 t/hm~2,区域差异较大。产量差分布在16.18%~87.58%之间,县域均值为64.30%。从空间分布角度,县域内区域间的耕地生产潜力及产量差呈现出较大的区域差异,具有明显的区域分布特征,即生产潜力较高的区域主要分布在太平镇、平原镇、弄璋镇等大盈江流域,产量差较高的区域主要分布在盏西镇、勐弄镇、昔马镇等盈江县中、北部区域。【结论】利用Arc GIS对耕地生产潜力及产量差研究,其研究数据可以根据耕地地力调查周期、耕地的实际产量及时的更新,研究结果贴合研究区域实际情况,对于提高农业产出、促进区域农业可持续发展具有积极的意义。
[Purposes]The research on the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land in Yingjiang County of Yunnan Province has important significance on land utilization, resource guarantee and economic development.[Methods]Based on the investigated data of the soil fertility survey and according to the actual farmland distribution of Yingjiang County, we determined the quantity of visit investigation spots for actual yield of cultivated land in different towns, and then utilized the calculation model of farmland production potential and Arc GIS 10.0 software for conversion, superposition and analysis of basic data. We focused on the attribute of cultivated land plot in the research region to analyze the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land in Yingjiang County.[ Results] The potential productivity of arable land in Yingjiang County focuses on9.46~24.87 t/hm~2, and the average regional value is 14.17 t/hm~2, so the regional difference of the cultivated land potential productivity is large. Meanwhile, the yield difference is mainly distributed in16.18%~87.58%, and the average regional value is 64.30%. At the same time, from the spatial distribution of the research result, it can be also found that the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land among regions within the county and each township has obviously regional distribution characteristics. The areas with higher potential production are mainly distributed in the basin of Daying River such as Pingyuan Town, Nongzhang Town and Taiping Town, meanwhile, the areas with higher yield gap are mainly distributed in the middle and northern regions of Yingjiang, such as Zhanxi Town, Xima Town and Mengnong Town. And it is also large that the difference of cultivated land production potential and yield gap in different townships. The total production potential of the cultivated land is low and the yield gap is high in Yingjiang County. Therefore, it is greater in the county that the actual yield-increasing potential of farmland.[Conclusion]Research is made on the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land by utilizing Arc GIS, and the research data can be updated according to the cultivated land productivity investigation period, meanwhile, the actual yield of farmland and the research result has positive significance on enhancing the agricultural output and promoting sustainable development of regional agriculture.
[Purposes]The research on the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land in Yingjiang County of Yunnan Province has important significance on land utilization, resource guarantee and economic development.[Methods]Based on the investigated data of the soil fertility survey and according to the actual farmland distribution of Yingjiang County, we determined the quantity of visit investigation spots for actual yield of cultivated land in different towns, and then utilized the calculation model of farmland production potential and Arc GIS 10.0 software for conversion, superposition and analysis of basic data. We focused on the attribute of cultivated land plot in the research region to analyze the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land in Yingjiang County.[ Results] The potential productivity of arable land in Yingjiang County focuses on9.46~24.87 t/hm~2, and the average regional value is 14.17 t/hm~2, so the regional difference of the cultivated land potential productivity is large. Meanwhile, the yield difference is mainly distributed in16.18%~87.58%, and the average regional value is 64.30%. At the same time, from the spatial distribution of the research result, it can be also found that the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land among regions within the county and each township has obviously regional distribution characteristics. The areas with higher potential production are mainly distributed in the basin of Daying River such as Pingyuan Town, Nongzhang Town and Taiping Town, meanwhile, the areas with higher yield gap are mainly distributed in the middle and northern regions of Yingjiang, such as Zhanxi Town, Xima Town and Mengnong Town. And it is also large that the difference of cultivated land production potential and yield gap in different townships. The total production potential of the cultivated land is low and the yield gap is high in Yingjiang County. Therefore, it is greater in the county that the actual yield-increasing potential of farmland.[Conclusion]Research is made on the potential productivity and yield gap of cultivated land by utilizing Arc GIS, and the research data can be updated according to the cultivated land productivity investigation period, meanwhile, the actual yield of farmland and the research result has positive significance on enhancing the agricultural output and promoting sustainable development of regional agriculture.
引文
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[18]汤国安,杨昕,等.地理信息系统空间分析实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[19]王利平,文明,宋进喜,等.1961-2014年中国干燥度指数的时空变化研究[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(9):1488.DOI:10.11849/zrzyxb.20160107.
[20]朱凤武,严长清,高永年,等.江苏沿海地区土地综合承载力评价研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[21]SHI Y S,WANG H F,YIN C Y.Evaluation method of urban land population carrying capacity based on GIS:a case of Shanghai China[J].Computers Environment and Urban Systems,2013,39:27.DOI:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2013.02.002.
[22]彭立,刘邵权.土地功能视角下的土地资源人口承载力研究--以攀枝花、六盘水市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,23(Z1):74.
[23]施开放,刁承泰,孙秀峰,等.基于耕地生态足迹的重庆市耕地生态承载力供需平衡研究[J].生态学报,2013,33(6):1872.DOI:10.5846/stxb201211231662.
[24]钟章奇,王铮,夏海斌,等.全球气候变化下中国农业生产潜力的空间演变[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(12):2018.DOI:10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.12.005.
[25]党安荣,阎守邕,吴宏歧,等.基于GIS的中国土地生产潜力研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(6):910.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2000.06.002.
[26]HIGGINS G M,KASSAM A H.Regional assessments of land potential:a follow-up to the FAO/UNESCO soil map of the world[J].Nature and Resources,1981,17(4):11.
[27]冷疏影.地理信息系统支持下的中国农业生产潜力研究[J].自然资源学报,1992,7(1):71.DOI:10.11849/zrzyxb.1992.01.009.
[28]崔方让,李新平,魏迎春,等.新疆和田开发区土地生产潜力评价与土壤修正系数的确定[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(3):125.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-7601.2007.03.026.
[29]刘建刚.黄淮海农作区冬小麦夏玉米产量差及其限制因素解析[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015.
[30]王纯枝,宇振荣,辛景峰,等.基于遥感和作物生长模型的作物产量差估测[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7):84.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2005.07.020.
[31]郭尔静,杨晓光,王晓煜,等.湖南省双季稻产量差时空分布特征[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(2):399.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.02.018.
[2]DENG X Z,HUANG J K,SCOTT R,et al.Cultivated land conversion and potential agricultural productivity in China[J].Land Use Policy,2006,23(4):372.DOI:10.1016/j.landusepol.2005.07.003.
[3]哈斯巴根,李百岁,宝音,等.区域土地资源人口承载力理论模型及实证研究[J].地理科学,2008,28(2):189.DOI:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2008.02.025.
[4]范兰,吕昌河,陈朝.作物产量差及其形成原因综述[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(12):2155.DOI:10.11849/zrz yxb.2011.12.014.
[5]刘建刚,褚庆全,王光耀,等.基于DSSAT模型的氮肥管理下华北地区冬小麦产量差的模拟[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(23):124.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.23.017.
[6]杨晓光,刘志娟.作物产量差研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(14):2731.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.14.004.html.
[7]刘洛,徐新良,刘纪远,等.1990-2010年中国耕地变化对粮食生产潜力的影响[J].地理学报,2014,69(12)1767.DOI:10.11821/dlxb201412003.
[8]张月平,张炳宁,王长松,等.基于耕地生产潜力评价确定作物目标产量[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(10):328.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.10.057.
[9]BUCKWELL A,DAVIDOVA S.Potential implications for productivity of land reform in Bulgaria[J].Food Policy,1993,18(6):493.DOI:10.1016/0306-9192(93)90006-W.
[10]张志良,范小琴.宁夏土地承载力系统动力学方法的应用[J].干旱区地理,1992,15(2):31.DOI:10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.1992.02.004.
[11]祝秀芝,李宪文,贾克敬,等.上海市土地综合承载力的系统动力学研究[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(2):90.DOI:10.13708/j.cnki.cn11-2640.2014.02.012.
[12]王经民,戴夏燕.陕西省气候资源生产潜力与土地人口承载力的研究[J].水土保持通报,1997,17(1):13.DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.1997.01.003.
[13]CARRIóN J A,ESTRELLA A E,DOLS F A,et al.Environmental decision-support systems for evaluating the carrying capacity of land areas:optimal site selection for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2008,12(9):2358.DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2007.06.01.
[14]范兰,吕昌河,于伯华,等.华北平原小麦-玉米两作生产潜力与产量差[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(9):33.DOI:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15070159.
[15]PIERRE S,ANTOINE M,PIERRE H,et al.Detection and estimation trends linked to air quality and mortality on French Riviera over the 1990-2005 period[J].Science of the Total Environment,2010,408(8):1943.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.01.024.
[16]TORABI B,SOLTANI A,GALESHI S,et al.Assessment of yield gap due to nitrogen management in wheat[J].Australian Journal of Crop Science,2011,5(7):879.
[17]姬超,包广静.基于GIS的耕地分级及基本农田布局优化[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(33):157.DOI:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16060066.
[18]汤国安,杨昕,等.地理信息系统空间分析实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[19]王利平,文明,宋进喜,等.1961-2014年中国干燥度指数的时空变化研究[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(9):1488.DOI:10.11849/zrzyxb.20160107.
[20]朱凤武,严长清,高永年,等.江苏沿海地区土地综合承载力评价研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[21]SHI Y S,WANG H F,YIN C Y.Evaluation method of urban land population carrying capacity based on GIS:a case of Shanghai China[J].Computers Environment and Urban Systems,2013,39:27.DOI:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2013.02.002.
[22]彭立,刘邵权.土地功能视角下的土地资源人口承载力研究--以攀枝花、六盘水市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,23(Z1):74.
[23]施开放,刁承泰,孙秀峰,等.基于耕地生态足迹的重庆市耕地生态承载力供需平衡研究[J].生态学报,2013,33(6):1872.DOI:10.5846/stxb201211231662.
[24]钟章奇,王铮,夏海斌,等.全球气候变化下中国农业生产潜力的空间演变[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(12):2018.DOI:10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.12.005.
[25]党安荣,阎守邕,吴宏歧,等.基于GIS的中国土地生产潜力研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(6):910.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2000.06.002.
[26]HIGGINS G M,KASSAM A H.Regional assessments of land potential:a follow-up to the FAO/UNESCO soil map of the world[J].Nature and Resources,1981,17(4):11.
[27]冷疏影.地理信息系统支持下的中国农业生产潜力研究[J].自然资源学报,1992,7(1):71.DOI:10.11849/zrzyxb.1992.01.009.
[28]崔方让,李新平,魏迎春,等.新疆和田开发区土地生产潜力评价与土壤修正系数的确定[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(3):125.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-7601.2007.03.026.
[29]刘建刚.黄淮海农作区冬小麦夏玉米产量差及其限制因素解析[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015.
[30]王纯枝,宇振荣,辛景峰,等.基于遥感和作物生长模型的作物产量差估测[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7):84.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2005.07.020.
[31]郭尔静,杨晓光,王晓煜,等.湖南省双季稻产量差时空分布特征[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(2):399.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.02.018.