直角梯形巷道围岩应力非对称特征数值模拟研究
|
摘要
针对石炭井二矿区倾斜煤层直角梯形巷道围岩出现非对称变形破坏,给巷道的稳定性控制和支护带来很大困难的问题,采用数值模拟方法,对该矿区巷道垂直应力、水平应力及水平位移进行了系统分析研究,给出了倾斜煤层直角梯形巷道围岩应力的分布规律及破坏特征。研究结果表明:巷道两帮、顶板及尖角处均呈现明显的非对称应力集中现象,主要表现为两帮应力集中峰值和距帮部侧壁的距离差异明显,并随着倾角和地应力增大而增大,当倾角为18°～27°,低帮应力集中峰值为高帮的1.07～1.33倍,高帮到巷道帮部侧壁的距离比低帮大1.26～3.79 m。其次沿煤层倾角相同方向对称的两尖角处表现为明显的压应力区,而相反方向两尖角处则表现为明显的拉应力区,且压应力和拉应力的最大值均出现在巷道顶板的两尖角处,其破坏特征表现为低帮一侧及底板严重的变形破坏。
The asymmetric deformation and failure of surrounding rock of right angle trapezoidal roadway in the inclined coal seam of Shitanjing No.2 Mine resulted in much difficulty to the stability control and support of the roadway. Based on this,the numerical simulation method was adopted to make a systematic analysis of the vertical stress,the horizontal stress and the horizontal displacement of roadways and the distribution and failure characteristics of surrounding inclined coal seam right angle trapezoidal roadway were given. The results show that there are obvious asymmetric stress concentration phenomena in the two sides,roof and sharp corners of the roadway which features a sharp differences between the stress concentration peak distances of two sides and the distances from the sidewalls; the stress grows as the inclination and ground stress increase when the inclination angle is 18° to 27°,the peak stress concentration of the low side is 1.07 to 1.33 times higher than that of the high side and the distance from the high side to the side wall of the roadway side is 1.26 to 3.79 m higher than the distance from the low side. Next,the two symmetrical sharp corners along the same direction of the coal seam are characterized by obvious compressive stress zones; by contrast,the two sharp corners in the opposite direction show obvious tensile stress. The maximum values of compressive stress and tensile stress appear at the two sharp corners of the roof of the roadway and its failures are characterized by severe deformation and damage on the low side and the floor plate.
The asymmetric deformation and failure of surrounding rock of right angle trapezoidal roadway in the inclined coal seam of Shitanjing No.2 Mine resulted in much difficulty to the stability control and support of the roadway. Based on this,the numerical simulation method was adopted to make a systematic analysis of the vertical stress,the horizontal stress and the horizontal displacement of roadways and the distribution and failure characteristics of surrounding inclined coal seam right angle trapezoidal roadway were given. The results show that there are obvious asymmetric stress concentration phenomena in the two sides,roof and sharp corners of the roadway which features a sharp differences between the stress concentration peak distances of two sides and the distances from the sidewalls; the stress grows as the inclination and ground stress increase when the inclination angle is 18° to 27°,the peak stress concentration of the low side is 1.07 to 1.33 times higher than that of the high side and the distance from the high side to the side wall of the roadway side is 1.26 to 3.79 m higher than the distance from the low side. Next,the two symmetrical sharp corners along the same direction of the coal seam are characterized by obvious compressive stress zones; by contrast,the two sharp corners in the opposite direction show obvious tensile stress. The maximum values of compressive stress and tensile stress appear at the two sharp corners of the roof of the roadway and its failures are characterized by severe deformation and damage on the low side and the floor plate.
引文
[1]李浩春.大倾角特厚复合顶板巷道变形破坏特征与稳定性控制研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2014.
[2]国家发展改革委员会.中华人民共和国能源发展“十一五”规划[R].北京:国家发展改革委员会,2007.
[3]何富连,钱鸣高,刘长友.高产高效工作面支架-围岩保障系统[M].徐州:中国矿业学出版社,1997:1-8.
[4]陈守建,王永,伍跃中.西北地区煤炭资源及开发潜力[J].西北地质,2006,39(4):40-56.CHEN Shoujian,WANG Yong,WU Yuezhong.Coal resources and development potential in northwest China[J].Northwestern Geology,2006,39(4):40-56.
[5]孙晓明,何满潮.深部开采软岩巷道耦合支护技术数值模拟研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2005,34(2):166-170.SUN Xiaoming,HE Manchao.Numerical simulation research on coupling support theory of roadway within soft rock at depth[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2005,34(2):166-170.
[6]魏思祥,宋锦虎,靖洪文.倾斜煤层动压巷道围岩应力分布规律的数值分析[J].金属矿山,2012,41(3):37-41.WEI Sixiang,SONG Jinhu,JING Hongwen.Numerical analysis of stress in the surrounding rock of the dynamic pressure tunnel with inclined seams[J].Metal Mine,2012,41(3):37-41.
[7]王红伟,伍永平,解盘石.大倾角煤层开采覆岩应力场形成及演化特征[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2013,33(8):1022-1026.WANG Hongwei,WU Yongping,XIE Panshi.Formation and evolution characteristics of rock stress field in steeply dipping coal seam mining[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,2013,32(8):1022-1026.
[18]王连国,缪协兴,董健涛,等.深部软岩巷道锚注支护数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):983-985.WANG Lianguo,MIAO Xiexing,DONG Jiantao,et al.Numerical simulation research of bolt-grouting support in deep soft roadway[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):983-985.
[9]李波,张村,伏映鹏,等.特厚煤层仰采综放工作面过断层应力分布与围岩控制[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(2):27-33.LI Bo,ZHANG Cun,FU Yingpeng,et al.Stress distribution in fault zone and surrounding rock control in upward fully-mechanized top coal caving face of extra thick coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(2):27-33.
[10]伍永平,潘洁,解盘石,等.大倾角煤层坚硬顶板预裂弱化的数值分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2010,30(1):7-13.WU Yongping,PAN Jie,XIE Panshi,et al.Numerical analysis of hard roof segment pre-blasting in steep coal seams[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2010,30(1):7-13.
[11]王红伟,伍永平,曹沛沛,等.大倾角煤层开采大型三维可加载相似模拟试验[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1505-1511.WANG Hongwei,WU Yongping,CAO Peipei,et al.Large scale loadable 3D-simulation tests on mining steeply dipping seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1505-1511.
[12]伍永平,杜文刚,王红伟,等.大倾角三软煤层巷道变形特征及支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(S2):1-5.WU Yongping,DU Wengang,WANG Hongwei,et al.Study on roadway deformation characteristics and supporting technology in coal seam with soft coal and soft roof and soft floor[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(S2):1-5.
[13]唐治,潘一山,阎海鹏.急倾斜煤柱开采后对巷道影响的数值模拟[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2010,21(2):64-67.TANG Zhi,PAN Yishan,YAN Haipeng.Numerical simulation about influences of steep inclined coalpillar after mining on laneway[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2010,21(2):64-67.
[14]包海玲,孟益平,巫绪涛,等.深部倾斜巷道变形机理的数值模拟[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,35(5):673-677.BAO Hailing,MENG Yiping,WU Xutao,et al.Numerical simulation of deformation mechanism of deep inclined roadway[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology:Natural Science E-dition,2012,35(5):673-677.
[15]乔元栋.急倾斜薄煤层仰斜开采覆岩应力分布特征研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(12):25-28.QIAO Yuandong.Study on Stress distribution features of overburden strata for upward mining in steep inclined thin seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(12):25-28.
[16]张玉军,高超.急倾斜特厚煤层水平分层综放开采覆岩破坏特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):126-132.ZHANG Yujun,GAO Chao.Overburden rock failure features of steep thick seam horizontalslicing full-mechanized caving mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):126-132.
[17]张蓓,曹胜根,王连国.大倾角煤层巷道变形破坏机理与支护对策研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(2):214-219.ZHANG Bei,CAO Shenggen,WANG Lianguo.Deformation failure mechanism and support measurements in roadway of steeply inclined coal seam[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2011,28(2):214-219.
[18]高明中,井欢庆.巷道非对称底鼓的力学解析[J].安徽理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(4):38-43.GAO Mingzhong,JING Huanqing.Mechanical analysis of asymmetric floor heave of roadway[J].Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2012,32(4):38-43.
[19]刘建刚,曹安业,郁钟铭,等.深部倾斜煤层巷道两帮应力特性的研究[J].中国煤炭,2016,42(8):30-34.LIU Jiangang,CAO Anye,YU Zhongming,et al.Study on stress characteristics of roady’s side in deep inclined coal seam[J].China Coal,2016,42(8):30-34.
[20]祁小虎.大倾角煤层回采巷道围岩变形特征与支护参数研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2015.
[2]国家发展改革委员会.中华人民共和国能源发展“十一五”规划[R].北京:国家发展改革委员会,2007.
[3]何富连,钱鸣高,刘长友.高产高效工作面支架-围岩保障系统[M].徐州:中国矿业学出版社,1997:1-8.
[4]陈守建,王永,伍跃中.西北地区煤炭资源及开发潜力[J].西北地质,2006,39(4):40-56.CHEN Shoujian,WANG Yong,WU Yuezhong.Coal resources and development potential in northwest China[J].Northwestern Geology,2006,39(4):40-56.
[5]孙晓明,何满潮.深部开采软岩巷道耦合支护技术数值模拟研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2005,34(2):166-170.SUN Xiaoming,HE Manchao.Numerical simulation research on coupling support theory of roadway within soft rock at depth[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2005,34(2):166-170.
[6]魏思祥,宋锦虎,靖洪文.倾斜煤层动压巷道围岩应力分布规律的数值分析[J].金属矿山,2012,41(3):37-41.WEI Sixiang,SONG Jinhu,JING Hongwen.Numerical analysis of stress in the surrounding rock of the dynamic pressure tunnel with inclined seams[J].Metal Mine,2012,41(3):37-41.
[7]王红伟,伍永平,解盘石.大倾角煤层开采覆岩应力场形成及演化特征[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2013,33(8):1022-1026.WANG Hongwei,WU Yongping,XIE Panshi.Formation and evolution characteristics of rock stress field in steeply dipping coal seam mining[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,2013,32(8):1022-1026.
[18]王连国,缪协兴,董健涛,等.深部软岩巷道锚注支护数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):983-985.WANG Lianguo,MIAO Xiexing,DONG Jiantao,et al.Numerical simulation research of bolt-grouting support in deep soft roadway[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):983-985.
[9]李波,张村,伏映鹏,等.特厚煤层仰采综放工作面过断层应力分布与围岩控制[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(2):27-33.LI Bo,ZHANG Cun,FU Yingpeng,et al.Stress distribution in fault zone and surrounding rock control in upward fully-mechanized top coal caving face of extra thick coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(2):27-33.
[10]伍永平,潘洁,解盘石,等.大倾角煤层坚硬顶板预裂弱化的数值分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2010,30(1):7-13.WU Yongping,PAN Jie,XIE Panshi,et al.Numerical analysis of hard roof segment pre-blasting in steep coal seams[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2010,30(1):7-13.
[11]王红伟,伍永平,曹沛沛,等.大倾角煤层开采大型三维可加载相似模拟试验[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1505-1511.WANG Hongwei,WU Yongping,CAO Peipei,et al.Large scale loadable 3D-simulation tests on mining steeply dipping seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1505-1511.
[12]伍永平,杜文刚,王红伟,等.大倾角三软煤层巷道变形特征及支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(S2):1-5.WU Yongping,DU Wengang,WANG Hongwei,et al.Study on roadway deformation characteristics and supporting technology in coal seam with soft coal and soft roof and soft floor[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(S2):1-5.
[13]唐治,潘一山,阎海鹏.急倾斜煤柱开采后对巷道影响的数值模拟[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2010,21(2):64-67.TANG Zhi,PAN Yishan,YAN Haipeng.Numerical simulation about influences of steep inclined coalpillar after mining on laneway[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2010,21(2):64-67.
[14]包海玲,孟益平,巫绪涛,等.深部倾斜巷道变形机理的数值模拟[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,35(5):673-677.BAO Hailing,MENG Yiping,WU Xutao,et al.Numerical simulation of deformation mechanism of deep inclined roadway[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology:Natural Science E-dition,2012,35(5):673-677.
[15]乔元栋.急倾斜薄煤层仰斜开采覆岩应力分布特征研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(12):25-28.QIAO Yuandong.Study on Stress distribution features of overburden strata for upward mining in steep inclined thin seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(12):25-28.
[16]张玉军,高超.急倾斜特厚煤层水平分层综放开采覆岩破坏特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):126-132.ZHANG Yujun,GAO Chao.Overburden rock failure features of steep thick seam horizontalslicing full-mechanized caving mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):126-132.
[17]张蓓,曹胜根,王连国.大倾角煤层巷道变形破坏机理与支护对策研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(2):214-219.ZHANG Bei,CAO Shenggen,WANG Lianguo.Deformation failure mechanism and support measurements in roadway of steeply inclined coal seam[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2011,28(2):214-219.
[18]高明中,井欢庆.巷道非对称底鼓的力学解析[J].安徽理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(4):38-43.GAO Mingzhong,JING Huanqing.Mechanical analysis of asymmetric floor heave of roadway[J].Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2012,32(4):38-43.
[19]刘建刚,曹安业,郁钟铭,等.深部倾斜煤层巷道两帮应力特性的研究[J].中国煤炭,2016,42(8):30-34.LIU Jiangang,CAO Anye,YU Zhongming,et al.Study on stress characteristics of roady’s side in deep inclined coal seam[J].China Coal,2016,42(8):30-34.
[20]祁小虎.大倾角煤层回采巷道围岩变形特征与支护参数研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2015.