仓桥由美子与波伏娃女性意识之比较
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摘要
在20世纪60年代的日本文坛,仓桥由美子是个独树一帜的存在。仓桥前期文学受萨特、波伏娃、加缪等存在主义文学家影响显著,风格极具抽象性与观念性。她于1960年发表《我的"第三性"》,凸显了鲜明的女性意识,以其超前性与独特性引起文坛的广泛关注。受波伏娃存在主义女性意识的影响,仓桥的女性意识与波伏娃存在诸多相通之处,但是与波伏娃激进的女性意识不同,仓桥的女性意识特别是在家庭意识方面呈现出现实性与妥协性。聚焦家庭意识,从婚恋意识、母性意识等角度切入,试图揭示两位作家女性意识的异同,明确仓桥对波伏娃女性意识的接受以及其在重构过程中的独特性。
In the Japanese literary world of the 1960 s,Kurahashi Yumiko was a unique existence.Kurahashi's early literature was greatly influenced by existentialist writers such as Sartre,Beauvoir and Camus,whose style was very abstract and conceptual.In 1960,she published My Third Sex,which highlighted the distinct feminine consciousness and attracted wide attention in the literary world because of its advancement and uniqueness.There are many similarities between Kurahashi's feminine consciousness and Beauvoir's because of Beauvoir's influences.However,unlike Beauvoir's radical feminist consciousness,Kurahashi's female consciousness,especially in family consciousness,presents realism and compromise.This paper focuses on family consciousness and tries to reveal the similarities and differences between the two writers' female consciousness from the perspectives of marriage consciousness and maternity consciousness,so as to clarify Kurahashi's acceptance of Beauvoir's female consciousness and its uniqueness in the process of reconstruction.
In the Japanese literary world of the 1960 s,Kurahashi Yumiko was a unique existence.Kurahashi's early literature was greatly influenced by existentialist writers such as Sartre,Beauvoir and Camus,whose style was very abstract and conceptual.In 1960,she published My Third Sex,which highlighted the distinct feminine consciousness and attracted wide attention in the literary world because of its advancement and uniqueness.There are many similarities between Kurahashi's feminine consciousness and Beauvoir's because of Beauvoir's influences.However,unlike Beauvoir's radical feminist consciousness,Kurahashi's female consciousness,especially in family consciousness,presents realism and compromise.This paper focuses on family consciousness and tries to reveal the similarities and differences between the two writers' female consciousness from the perspectives of marriage consciousness and maternity consciousness,so as to clarify Kurahashi's acceptance of Beauvoir's female consciousness and its uniqueness in the process of reconstruction.
引文
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[2]瀬沼茂樹.文芸時評(中)稀有な倉橋の才能女流作家の諸作品[N].図書新聞,1960-07-23.
[3]中山和子.批評の荒野1960―「パルタイ」から「囚人」まで[J].昭和文学研究,1999,(39).
[4]池上玲子.「わたし」と「わたし」、鏡像関係への欲望—倉橋由美子1960年代[J].語文,2007,(128).
[5]ボーヴォワール.第二の性(第二巻)[M].生島遼一訳.東京:新潮社,1955.
[6]ボーヴォワール.女ざかり(上)[M].朝吹登水子·二宮フサ訳.東京:紀伊国屋書店,1963.
[7]倉橋由美子.わたしの“第三の性”[J].中央公論,1960,(75).
[8]倉橋由美子.倉橋由美子全作品3[Z].東京:新潮社,1975.
[9]倉橋由美子.わたしのなかのかれへ[M].講談社,1970,(3).
[10]アリス?シュバルツァ.第二の性その後:ボーヴォワール対談集1972-1982[M].福井美津子訳.東京:青山館,1985.
[11]俞纯.日本专职主妇的存在性探求[J].中国校外教育(理论),2010,(11).
[12]ボーヴォワール.第二の性(第四巻)[M].生島遼一訳.東京:新潮社,1955.
[13]倉橋由美子.「家庭論」と私の「第三の性」:男性の女性化による“平和”それは人類の静かな衰滅の別名[N].法政大学新聞,1963-10-25.
[14]倉橋由美子.倉橋由美子全作品4[Z].東京:新潮社,1976.