基于系统频率响应特征的电网广义旋转备用优化配置
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摘要
现有的旋转备用配置方法多将旋转备用的来源限定于常规发电机组,较少虑及储能装置与柔性负荷等新兴电力设施对旋转备用优化配置的积极影响。为此,文中提出了电网广义旋转备用的概念;借助序列化建模思路与可描述随机变量取值相依结构的Copula函数,建立电网等效负荷(电网原始负荷与对应时刻点新能源发电出力的差值)波动量与预测偏差模型;综合考虑系统频率响应特征,以电网广义旋转备用购置成本、停电损失成本与弃新能源发电成本最低为目标,提出一种基于系统频率响应的新能源高渗透电网广义旋转备用优化配置方法。以新疆某新能源高渗透区域电网实际运行数据为依据,仿真验证了所提方法的可行性。
The existing configuration methods of spinning reserve(SR) only consider conventional units as the source of SR, and the advantages of new power facilities such as energy storage devices and flexible loads are not taken into account. This paper proposes the concept of generalized spinning reserve of power grid. And the fluctuation and prediction error models of equivalent load of power grid(difference between original load of power grid and renewable energy generation output at corresponding time) are established based on serialization modeling method and Copula function describing the dependence structure among variables. Considering the characteristics of system frequency response(SFR), and taking the minimum total cost of generalized spinning reserve of power grid, power outage cost and power curtailment cost of renewable energy generation as objective functions, this paper proposes a new optimization strategy of generalized spinning reserve for power grid with high penetration of renewable energy. Finally, according to the actual data of a regional grid with high penetration of renewable energy in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, the feasibility of the proposed strategy is verified through simulation.
The existing configuration methods of spinning reserve(SR) only consider conventional units as the source of SR, and the advantages of new power facilities such as energy storage devices and flexible loads are not taken into account. This paper proposes the concept of generalized spinning reserve of power grid. And the fluctuation and prediction error models of equivalent load of power grid(difference between original load of power grid and renewable energy generation output at corresponding time) are established based on serialization modeling method and Copula function describing the dependence structure among variables. Considering the characteristics of system frequency response(SFR), and taking the minimum total cost of generalized spinning reserve of power grid, power outage cost and power curtailment cost of renewable energy generation as objective functions, this paper proposes a new optimization strategy of generalized spinning reserve for power grid with high penetration of renewable energy. Finally, according to the actual data of a regional grid with high penetration of renewable energy in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, the feasibility of the proposed strategy is verified through simulation.
引文
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[5] 张里,刘俊勇,刘友波,等.风速相关性下的最优旋转备用容量[J].电网技术,2014,38(12):3412-3417.ZHANG Li,LIU Junyong,LIU Youbo,et al.Optimal spinning reserve capacity of power grid considering wind speed correlation[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(12):3412-3417.
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[7] 王雁凌,许传龙,岳巍澎.时变可靠性约束下含风电系统旋转备用的随机规划模型[J].电网技术,2013,37(5):1311-1316.WANG Yanling,XU Chuanlong,YUE Weipeng.A stochastic programming model for spinning reserve of power grid containing wind farms under constraint of time-varying reliability[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(5):1311-1316.
[8] ZENG Y,ZHOU B,ZHU W,et al.An improved risk assessment considering spinning reserve of power system with wind farm integration[C]// IEEE Region 10 Conference,November 1-4,2015,Macao,China.
[9] 曲翀,王秀丽,姚力,等.基于条件成本收益分析的旋转备用优化配置[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(14):62-69.QU Chong,WANG Xiuli,YAO Li,et al.Optimal configuration of spinning reserve based on conditional cost/benefit analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(14):62-69.
[10] HAO H,WU D,LIAN J,et al.Optimal coordination of building loads and energy storage for power grid and end user services[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,9(5):4335-4345.
[11] REDDY S S,BIJWE P R,ABHYANKAR A R.Joint energy and spinning reserve market clearing incorporating wind power and load forecast uncertainties[J].IEEE Systems Journal,2015,9(1):152-164.
[12] 梁宁,邓长虹,谭津,等.计及电量电价弹性的主动配电网多时间尺度优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(12):44-50.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170925005.LIANG Ning,DENG Changhong,TAN Jin,et al.Optimization scheduling with multiple time scale for active distribution network considering electricity price elasticity[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(12):44-50.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170925005.
[13] CHANG-CHIEN L R.AN L N,LIN T W.Demand response plan considering available spinning reserve for system frequency restoration[C]// IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology,October 30-November 2,2012,Auckland,New Zealand:6p.
[14] HU W,WANG P,GOOI H B.Assessing the economics of customer-sited multi-use energy storage[C]// IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON),November 22-25,2016,Singapore:651-654.
[15] 西北电监局.西北电网备用容量监管办法(试行)[EB/OL].[2018-02-25].http://xbj.nea.gov.cn/website/Aastatic/news-4416.html.Northwest China Energy Regulatory Bureau of National Energy Administration of the People’ Republic of China.Reserve capacity management method for northwest power grid (trial) [EB/OL].[2018-02-25].http://xbj.nea.gov.cn/website/Aastatic/news-4416.html.
[16] 全锐,潘文霞.考虑惯性动能的风电场旋转备用容量优化方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(24):23-28.QUAN Rui,PAN Wenxia.Optimization of wind farm spinning reserve capacity considering rotor inertia kinetic energy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(24):23-28.
[17] 中国国电集团公司.330 MW机组锅炉运行规程[EB/OL].http://www.doc88.com/p-9942386029628.html.China Guodian Corporation.330 MW unit boiler operating procedures[EB/OL].http://www.doc88.com/p-9942386029 628.html.
[18] 董丹丹.基于电热水器类温控负荷的电力系统频率稳定与控制研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.DONG Dandan.Study on frequency stability and control of electric power system based on temperature control load of electric water heater[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.
[19] 袁铁江,车勇,孙谊媊,等.基于时序仿真和GA的风储系统储能容量优化配比[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2122-2130.YUAN Tiejiang,CHE Yong,SUN Yiqian,et al.Optimized proportion of energy storage capacity in wind-storage system based on timing simulation and GA algorithm[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2122-2130.
[20] 陶仁峰,袁铁江,梅生伟,等.基于球面受光原理的太阳光跟踪策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(1):108-115.TAO Renfeng,YUAN Tiejiang,MEI Shengwei,et al.A sunlight tracking strategy based on spherical light-principle[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(1):108-115.
[21] 陶仁峰,李凤婷,李永东,等.基于云层分布规律与太阳光跟踪的光伏电站MPPT策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(5):25-33.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170724005.TAO Renfeng,LI Fengting,LI Yongdong,et al.MPPT strategy of photovoltaic station based on cloud distribution pattern and sunlight tracking[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(5):25-33.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170724005.
[22] 赵唯嘉,张宁,康重庆,等.光伏发电出力的条件预测误差概率分布估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(16):8-15.ZHAO Weijia,ZHANG Ning,KANG Chongqing,et al.A method of probabilistic distribution estimation of conditional forecast error for photovoltaic power generation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(16):8-15.
[23] 殷桂梁,张雪,操丹丹,等.考虑风电和光伏发电影响的电力系统最优旋转备用容量确定[J].电网技术,2015,39(12):3497-3504.YIN Guiliang,ZHANG Xue,CAO Dandan,et al.Determination of optimal spinning reserve capacity of power system considering wind and photovoltaic power affects[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(12):3497-3504.
[24] 苏鹏,刘天琪,李兴源.含风电的系统最优旋转备用的确定[J].电网技术,2010,34(12):158-162.SU Peng,LIU Tianqi,LI Xingyuan.Determination of optimal spinning reserve of power grid containing wind[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(12):158-162.
[25] 林少伯,韩民晓,赵国鹏,等.基于随机预测误差的分布式光伏配网储能系统容量配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):25-33.LIN Shaobo,HAN Minxiao,ZHAO Guopeng,et al.Capacity allocation of energy storage in distributed photovoltaic power system based on stochastic prediction error[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):25-33.
[26] 赵晋泉,唐洁,罗卫华,等.一种含风电电力系统的日前发电计划和旋转备用决策模型[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(5):21-27.ZHAO Jinquan,TANG Jie,LUO Weihua,et al.Day-ahead generation scheduling and spinning reserve decision-making model for power grid containing wind power[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(5):21-27.
[27] TERZIJA V V.Adaptive underfrequency load shedding based on the magnitude of the disturbance estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(3):1260-1266.
[28] 蔡国伟,孙正龙,王雨薇,等.基于改进频率响应模型的低频减载方案优化[J].电网技术,2013,37(11):3131-3136.CAI Guowei,SUN Zhenglong,WANG Yuwei,et al.Optimization of under frequency load shedding scheme based on improved system frequency response model[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(11):3131-3136.
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