矿井水灾多逃生路径模型应用研究
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摘要
当发生矿井水灾时,选择有效的逃生路径需要从突水点处水流特征、巷道结构信息以及从业人员的数量等方面加以考虑。为了避免逃生拥挤,建立了一种基于突水点水力学特性分析模型,水中逃生速度模型以及改进的D-K路径搜索算法相结合的多路径逃生模型并进行研究。矿井突水发生后,通过水位上升的速度可以估计出突水点水灾程度,并对突水节点和路径进行筛选。人体在水位移动速度是随着水位的升高而逐渐衰减的,通过对比巷道水位上升速度与移动速度判断该巷道是否可以作为有效逃生路径。从安全节点处向目标节点逃生时,在允许逃生的时间范围内,利用改进的D-K算法可以使井下人员选择更多的逃生路径,避免发生拥挤。结合王家岭矿井实例分析,该模型在一定程度上提高了从业人员的逃生率。
When a mine flood occurs,the effective escape route should be considered from the aspects of water flow characteristics,roadway structure information and the number of employees.In order to avoid escaping crowding,a multi-path escape model based on water inrush point hydraulic characteristic analysis model,water escape speed model and improved D-K path search algorithm is established and studied.After the water inrush occurred in the mine,the flood level of the water inrush point can be estimated through the rise of the water level,and the nodes and paths of the water inrush are screened.The movement speed of human body gradually decreases with the increase of water level.By comparing the rising speed and mobility speed of the roadway,we can determine whether the roadway can be used as an effective escape route.When escaping from the security node to the target node,within the time allowed to escape,using the improved DK algorithm can enable the underground personnel to choose more escape routes and avoid congestion.In combination with the case analysis of Wangjialing mine,it has been shown that the model improves the escape rate of the employees to a certain extent.
When a mine flood occurs,the effective escape route should be considered from the aspects of water flow characteristics,roadway structure information and the number of employees.In order to avoid escaping crowding,a multi-path escape model based on water inrush point hydraulic characteristic analysis model,water escape speed model and improved D-K path search algorithm is established and studied.After the water inrush occurred in the mine,the flood level of the water inrush point can be estimated through the rise of the water level,and the nodes and paths of the water inrush are screened.The movement speed of human body gradually decreases with the increase of water level.By comparing the rising speed and mobility speed of the roadway,we can determine whether the roadway can be used as an effective escape route.When escaping from the security node to the target node,within the time allowed to escape,using the improved DK algorithm can enable the underground personnel to choose more escape routes and avoid congestion.In combination with the case analysis of Wangjialing mine,it has been shown that the model improves the escape rate of the employees to a certain extent.
引文
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[13]柴登峰,张登荣.前N条最短路径问题的算法及应用[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2002,36(5):531-534.CHAI Dengfeng,ZHANG Dengrong.Algorithms and applications of the first n shortest path problems[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2002,36(5):531-534.
[14]王德明,王省身,崔岗.矿井火灾时期井巷可通行性及选择最佳救灾与避灾路线的研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,19(1):58-64.WANG Deming,WANG Shengshen,CUI gang.Study on roadway accessibility during mine fire and selection of the best route for disaster relief and avoidance[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,19(1):58-64.
[15]刘剑,贾进章,郑丹.流体网络理论[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002.
[2]武强,管恩太.煤矿水害应急救援预案探讨[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(4):409-413.WU Qiang,GUAN Entai.A preliminary study on water disaster emergency rescue counterplan in coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(4):409-413.
[3]王玉琨,吴锋.矿井应急救援中最佳避灾路线的Dijkstra算法的改进实现[J].工矿自动化,2008(5):13-15.WANG Yukun,WU Feng.Improvement of improved Dijkstra algorithm for choosing the best escape route in mine emergency rescue[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2008(5):13-15.
[4]赵作鹏,宋国娟,李晓波,等.基于D-K算法的煤矿水灾多最优路径研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):397-402.ZHAO Zuopeng,SONG Guojuan,LI Xiaobo,et al.Research on the multi-optimal paths of coal mine floods based on the D-K algorithm[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):397-402.
[5]武强.我国矿井水防控与资源化利用的研究进展问题和展望[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(5):795-805.WU Qiang.Progress,problems and prospects of prevention and control technology of mine water and reutilization in China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(5):795-805.
[6]孙佳.矿井应急救援中最佳避灾路线的改进Dijkstra算法实现[J].中国矿业,2005,14(2):397-402.SUN Jia.The improvement of Dijkstra algorithm for choosing the best escape route in mine emergency rescue[J].China Mining Magazine,2005,14(2):397-402.
[7]谢旭阳,任爱珠,周心权.高层建筑火灾最佳疏散路线的确定[J].自然灾害学报,2003,8(3):75-80.XIE Xuyang,REN Aizhu,ZHOU Xinquan.Determination of the best evacuation route for high-rise building fire[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2003,8(3):75-80.
[8]孙殿阁,蒋仲安.改进的Dijkstra算法在矿井应急救援最佳避灾路线求取中的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(5):38-39.SUN Diange,JIANG Zhong'an.Application of improved Dijkstra algorithm in finding the best route of disaster avoidance for mine emergency rescue[J].Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2005,32(5):38-39.
[9]卢国菊,高彩军.对K则最短路径若干算法的探讨[J].内蒙古煤炭经济,2016(S3):130-131.LU Guoju,GAO Caijun.Discussions on some algorithms of Kshortest path[J].Inner Mongolia Coal Economy,2016(S3):130-131.
[10]高松,陆锋.K则最短路径算法效率与精度评估[J].中国图像图形学报,2009(8):1677-1683.GAO Song,LU Feng.K Evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the shortest path algorithm[J].Journal of Image and Graphics of China,2009(8):1677-1683.
[11]王峰,游志胜,曼丽春,等.Dijkstra及基于Dijkstra的前N条最短路径算法在智能交通系统中的应用[J].计算机应用研究,2006(9):203-208.WANG Feng,YOU Zhisheng,MAN Lichun,et al.Dijkstra and the application of the first N shortest path algorithms based on Dijkstra in ITS[J].Application Research of Computers,2006(9):203-208.
[12]卢国菊,王飞.矿井火灾时期K则最优避灾路径研究[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(4):35-37.LU Guoju,WANG Fei.Study on K's optimal disaster avoidance path during mine fire[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(4):35-37.
[13]柴登峰,张登荣.前N条最短路径问题的算法及应用[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2002,36(5):531-534.CHAI Dengfeng,ZHANG Dengrong.Algorithms and applications of the first n shortest path problems[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2002,36(5):531-534.
[14]王德明,王省身,崔岗.矿井火灾时期井巷可通行性及选择最佳救灾与避灾路线的研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,19(1):58-64.WANG Deming,WANG Shengshen,CUI gang.Study on roadway accessibility during mine fire and selection of the best route for disaster relief and avoidance[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,19(1):58-64.
[15]刘剑,贾进章,郑丹.流体网络理论[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002.