不同结构主动蓄热墙体日光温室传热特性
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摘要
主动蓄热墙体日光温室具有良好的蓄能效果,对改善日光温室内的热环境起到了重要作用。但是对其如何有效地提高了温室的储能效率的特性和机理研究还有待进一步探索,以及如何进一步优化其性能,明确设计指标需要深入研究。该文在深入研究日光温室热量散失规律的基础上,构建了传统主动蓄热墙体日光温室(G1)、回填装配式主动蓄热墙体日光温室(G2),并试验测试了G1和G2主动蓄热循环系统的进出口温湿度、墙体表面热流密度、室内气温等参数,详细分析其传热规律和特性。结果表明:典型晴天(2017年12月31日)蓄热时段G1、G2主动蓄热循环系统的进、出口平均温差分别为10.2、11.6℃,平均蓄热热流密度分别为90.21、141.94 W/m2;典型阴天(2018年1月14日)放热时段G1、G2的进、出口平均温差分别为1.8、2.3℃,平均放热热流密度分别为7.48、5.66 W/m2。对墙体内主动蓄热循环系统的传热特性进行分析,G2的主动蓄热循环系统的蓄、放热量均较G1多。对后墙除主动蓄热系统以外的墙体外壁面被动传热特性进行分析,典型晴天蓄热阶段G1、G2整日的蓄热量分别比放热量多142.01、281.55 MJ;典型阴天放热阶段G1、G2的蓄热量分别比放热量少51.36、29.05 MJ,G2白天蓄热量较多、夜间放热量较少,表明G2墙体的长期储热能力较G1更高,更有利于温室在长时间低温寡照天气条件保持更稳定的室内温湿度环境。该文可为主动蓄热日光温室结构优化及热负荷设计提供理论和实践参考,并为主动蓄热日光温室的进一步发展奠定研究基础。
Chinese solar greenhouse(hereafter CSG) is an efficient energy-saving greenhouse,and plays an important role in Chinese protected horticulture development.Active thermal storage back wall of CSG has excellent effect of energy storage.However,the hygrothermal performance of active thermal storage wall should be studied further.In this paper,heat transfer characteristics of active heat storage wall with different structures were studied.The CSG with traditional active heat storage wall(hereafter G1) and CSG with backfill-assembled active heat storage wall(hereafter G2) was introduced for experiment based on the operation experiments of heat loss of CSG.The humiture of inlet and outlet,the surface heat flux,temperature and humidity of experiment CSG had been tested.And the heat transfer characteristics were also studied.The results showed that the wind speed at outlet of G1 was 2.82 m/s,significantly higher than that of G2.However,the wind speed of inlet of G1 was smaller than that of G2.Under continuous sunny conditions,the average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of G1 and G2 were 10.2,11.6 ℃,respectively,in the case of active thermal storage conditions;and the average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of G1 and G2 were 3.2 and 3.0 ℃ respectively,in the case of heat release conditions.Under continuous cloudy conditions,the average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of G1 and G2 were 1.8 and 2.3 ℃ respectively,in the case of heat release conditions;and the exothermic heat flux of G1 and G2 were 7.48 and 5.66 W/m2,respectively.The heat transfer characteristic of heat storage circulation system of active thermal storage wall were be analyzed.Research shows that the average heat exchange amount of G1 and G2 were 120.36 and 215.27 MJ,respectively,under continuous sunny conditions.And the energy efficiency ratio of G1 and G2 were 15.48 and 49.83,respectively.Therefore,the heat storage amount of G2 had a dramatic improvement compared to G1.The G2 had a better energy saving effect.Under continuous cloudy conditions,the G2 released more heat compared to G1.In the typical sunny day,the passive heat storage amount of back wall of G2 was 46.9% higher than G1 during the heat storage process and it was similar for both G1 and G2 during the heat release process.In the typical cloudy day,the passive heat storage amount of back wall of G2 was 46.4% higher than G1 during the heat storage process while the passive heat release amount of back wall of G2 was 26.2% lower than that of G1.In typical sunny day,the heat storage contributions of G1 and G2 were 30.02% and 34.32%,respectively and the heat release contributions of G1 and G2 were 27.38% and 39.35%,respectively.In typical cloudy day,the heat release contributions of G1 and G2 were 36.41% and 44.01%,respectively.Our study showed that the G2 had higher long-term heat storage capacity,and G2 would facilitate to maintain inner humiture stability of CSG under the long-term low temperature and cloudy conditions.This paper can provide a theoretical and practical guidance to thermal load design of CSG with active thermal storage system.
Chinese solar greenhouse(hereafter CSG) is an efficient energy-saving greenhouse,and plays an important role in Chinese protected horticulture development.Active thermal storage back wall of CSG has excellent effect of energy storage.However,the hygrothermal performance of active thermal storage wall should be studied further.In this paper,heat transfer characteristics of active heat storage wall with different structures were studied.The CSG with traditional active heat storage wall(hereafter G1) and CSG with backfill-assembled active heat storage wall(hereafter G2) was introduced for experiment based on the operation experiments of heat loss of CSG.The humiture of inlet and outlet,the surface heat flux,temperature and humidity of experiment CSG had been tested.And the heat transfer characteristics were also studied.The results showed that the wind speed at outlet of G1 was 2.82 m/s,significantly higher than that of G2.However,the wind speed of inlet of G1 was smaller than that of G2.Under continuous sunny conditions,the average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of G1 and G2 were 10.2,11.6 ℃,respectively,in the case of active thermal storage conditions;and the average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of G1 and G2 were 3.2 and 3.0 ℃ respectively,in the case of heat release conditions.Under continuous cloudy conditions,the average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of G1 and G2 were 1.8 and 2.3 ℃ respectively,in the case of heat release conditions;and the exothermic heat flux of G1 and G2 were 7.48 and 5.66 W/m2,respectively.The heat transfer characteristic of heat storage circulation system of active thermal storage wall were be analyzed.Research shows that the average heat exchange amount of G1 and G2 were 120.36 and 215.27 MJ,respectively,under continuous sunny conditions.And the energy efficiency ratio of G1 and G2 were 15.48 and 49.83,respectively.Therefore,the heat storage amount of G2 had a dramatic improvement compared to G1.The G2 had a better energy saving effect.Under continuous cloudy conditions,the G2 released more heat compared to G1.In the typical sunny day,the passive heat storage amount of back wall of G2 was 46.9% higher than G1 during the heat storage process and it was similar for both G1 and G2 during the heat release process.In the typical cloudy day,the passive heat storage amount of back wall of G2 was 46.4% higher than G1 during the heat storage process while the passive heat release amount of back wall of G2 was 26.2% lower than that of G1.In typical sunny day,the heat storage contributions of G1 and G2 were 30.02% and 34.32%,respectively and the heat release contributions of G1 and G2 were 27.38% and 39.35%,respectively.In typical cloudy day,the heat release contributions of G1 and G2 were 36.41% and 44.01%,respectively.Our study showed that the G2 had higher long-term heat storage capacity,and G2 would facilitate to maintain inner humiture stability of CSG under the long-term low temperature and cloudy conditions.This paper can provide a theoretical and practical guidance to thermal load design of CSG with active thermal storage system.
引文
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