7个橡胶树品系树皮结构与农艺性状相关性研究
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摘要
以我国自主选育的热试662、热试419等7个开割无性系为试材,采用石蜡切片技术,观测树皮乳管列数目、厚度等乳管分化特征参数,分析上述参数与胶乳产量、茎围等主要农艺性状的相关性。结果如下:1)7个品系中,石细胞以内的次生韧皮部厚度与茎围,再生皮的厚度呈正相关。2)胶乳产量与石细胞以内的次生乳管列数目,树皮中的次生乳管列数目与树皮总厚度的比值呈正相关;其中,热试419树皮结构的次生乳管列数目与树皮结构的总厚度的比值明显高于其他品系,次生乳管的总列数最多,乳管分化能力较强,且胶乳产量最高。3)热试9359和RRIM600次生乳管的分化能力较强,产胶潜力大。该实验结果为以树皮乳管分化指标辅助评价主要农艺性状提供了参考,也为参试品系割胶技术的开发提供了依据。
Seven kinds of tapped clones, such as such as Reshi 662 and Reshi 419, which were independently selected by China, were used as test materials. By using paraffin sectioning technique, the parameters of breast tube differentiation, such as the number and thickness of bark tube were observed and recorded, and the correlation of above paratmeters and main agronomic traits such as latex yield and stem girth were analyzed. The results are as follows. 1) In 7 strains, the thickness of the secondary phloem within the stone cells was positively correlated with the stem circumference and the thickness of the regenerated skin. 2) The latex yield was positively correlated with the number of secondary ducts within stone cells and the ratio of the number of secondary ducts in bark to the total thickness of bark; Among them, the ratio of the number of secondary laticiferous rows of bark structure to the total thickness of bark structure in Reshi 419 was significantly higher than that in other strains; Total column number of secondary ducts was the largest, the differentiation ability of the ducts was stronger, and the latex yield was the highest. 3) The secondary milk ducts of Reshi 9359 and RRIM600 hadstronger differentiation ability and greater gel production potential. The experimental results provide a reference for auxiliary evaluation of the major agronomic traits with the bark tube differentiation index, and also provide the basis for the development of the tapping technology of the tested rubber clones.
Seven kinds of tapped clones, such as such as Reshi 662 and Reshi 419, which were independently selected by China, were used as test materials. By using paraffin sectioning technique, the parameters of breast tube differentiation, such as the number and thickness of bark tube were observed and recorded, and the correlation of above paratmeters and main agronomic traits such as latex yield and stem girth were analyzed. The results are as follows. 1) In 7 strains, the thickness of the secondary phloem within the stone cells was positively correlated with the stem circumference and the thickness of the regenerated skin. 2) The latex yield was positively correlated with the number of secondary ducts within stone cells and the ratio of the number of secondary ducts in bark to the total thickness of bark; Among them, the ratio of the number of secondary laticiferous rows of bark structure to the total thickness of bark structure in Reshi 419 was significantly higher than that in other strains; Total column number of secondary ducts was the largest, the differentiation ability of the ducts was stronger, and the latex yield was the highest. 3) The secondary milk ducts of Reshi 9359 and RRIM600 hadstronger differentiation ability and greater gel production potential. The experimental results provide a reference for auxiliary evaluation of the major agronomic traits with the bark tube differentiation index, and also provide the basis for the development of the tapping technology of the tested rubber clones.
引文
[1]黄华孙.中国橡胶树育种五十年[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005:82-83.
[2]吴春太,周珺,姚行成,等.橡胶树叶片花色素苷的提取与稳定性及其品种间含量变化研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(12):15-20,45.
[3]BOBILIOFF W.Anatomy of Physiology of Hevea brasiliensis[M].Zurich:Art Institut Orell Fussil,1923.
[4]HAO B Z,WU J L.Biology of laticifersin Hevea and latex production[J].Chinese J Trop Crops,2004,25(4):1-7.
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[6]赵中奇.巴西橡胶树在不同生态条件下乳汁管发育的研究[J].生物学杂志,1987,6(4):1-6.
[7]于俊红,杨曙光,黄绵佳,等.季节,采胶和外源茉莉酸对成龄橡胶树乳管分化的影响[J].热带作物学报,2007,28(4):1-5.
[8]谭海燕,校现周,魏小弟.橡胶树无性系PR107施用乙烯气体刺激割胶后树皮结构的解剖学研究[J].热带农业科学,2010(8):34-37.
[9]吴继林,郝秉中.巴西橡胶树形成层活动和次生韧皮部发育的季节变化[J].植物学报,1986.28(2):156-161.
[10]郝秉中,吴继林,云翠.排胶对橡胶树乳管分化的促进作用[J].热带作物学报,1984,5(2):19-23.
[11]YU J H,ZENG X,YANG S G,et al.Relationship between rate of laticifer differentiation,number of laticifer rows and rubber yield among 1981’IRRDB germplasm collections of Hevea brasiliensis[J].J Rubb Res,2008,11(1):43-51.
[12]曾霞,李维国,胡彦师,等.5龄热试99橡胶树乳管特征及其与生长和产量的关系[J].热带作物学报,2006,3(27):1-4.
[13]吴春太,高新生,张晓飞,等.橡胶树胶木兼优无性系生长量与产量的测定与分析[J].华南农业大学学报,2012,33(1):69-72.
[14]曾霞,胡彦师,黄华孙,等.橡胶树1981’IRRDB种质主要性状鉴定评价[J].热带作物学报,2006,6(27):35-38.
[15]卢世香,马瑞丰,陈月异,等.巴西橡胶树树皮结构特征与胶乳产量的相关性[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(8):1336-1339.
[16]郝秉中,吴继林.创伤(割胶)对巴西橡胶树乳管分化的影响[J].植物学报,1982,24(4):388-391.
[17]田维敏.橡胶树树皮结构与乳管发育[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[18]郝秉中,吴继林,云翠英.排胶对橡胶乳管分化的促进作用[J].热带作物学报,1984,5(2):19-23.
[19]周钟毓.国外巴西橡胶树产量早期预测方法研究概况[J],热带农业科学,1993(2):77-83.
[20]史敏晶.巴西橡胶树树皮厚壁组织结构和发育研究[J],热带作物学报,2016,37(2):311-316.
[2]吴春太,周珺,姚行成,等.橡胶树叶片花色素苷的提取与稳定性及其品种间含量变化研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(12):15-20,45.
[3]BOBILIOFF W.Anatomy of Physiology of Hevea brasiliensis[M].Zurich:Art Institut Orell Fussil,1923.
[4]HAO B Z,WU J L.Biology of laticifersin Hevea and latex production[J].Chinese J Trop Crops,2004,25(4):1-7.
[5]TIAN W M,YANG S G,SHI M J,et al.Mechanical woundinginduced laticifer differentiation in rubber tree(Müll.Arg.):Anindicative role of dehydration,hydrogen peroxide,and jasmonates.[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2015(182):95-103.
[6]赵中奇.巴西橡胶树在不同生态条件下乳汁管发育的研究[J].生物学杂志,1987,6(4):1-6.
[7]于俊红,杨曙光,黄绵佳,等.季节,采胶和外源茉莉酸对成龄橡胶树乳管分化的影响[J].热带作物学报,2007,28(4):1-5.
[8]谭海燕,校现周,魏小弟.橡胶树无性系PR107施用乙烯气体刺激割胶后树皮结构的解剖学研究[J].热带农业科学,2010(8):34-37.
[9]吴继林,郝秉中.巴西橡胶树形成层活动和次生韧皮部发育的季节变化[J].植物学报,1986.28(2):156-161.
[10]郝秉中,吴继林,云翠.排胶对橡胶树乳管分化的促进作用[J].热带作物学报,1984,5(2):19-23.
[11]YU J H,ZENG X,YANG S G,et al.Relationship between rate of laticifer differentiation,number of laticifer rows and rubber yield among 1981’IRRDB germplasm collections of Hevea brasiliensis[J].J Rubb Res,2008,11(1):43-51.
[12]曾霞,李维国,胡彦师,等.5龄热试99橡胶树乳管特征及其与生长和产量的关系[J].热带作物学报,2006,3(27):1-4.
[13]吴春太,高新生,张晓飞,等.橡胶树胶木兼优无性系生长量与产量的测定与分析[J].华南农业大学学报,2012,33(1):69-72.
[14]曾霞,胡彦师,黄华孙,等.橡胶树1981’IRRDB种质主要性状鉴定评价[J].热带作物学报,2006,6(27):35-38.
[15]卢世香,马瑞丰,陈月异,等.巴西橡胶树树皮结构特征与胶乳产量的相关性[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(8):1336-1339.
[16]郝秉中,吴继林.创伤(割胶)对巴西橡胶树乳管分化的影响[J].植物学报,1982,24(4):388-391.
[17]田维敏.橡胶树树皮结构与乳管发育[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[18]郝秉中,吴继林,云翠英.排胶对橡胶乳管分化的促进作用[J].热带作物学报,1984,5(2):19-23.
[19]周钟毓.国外巴西橡胶树产量早期预测方法研究概况[J],热带农业科学,1993(2):77-83.
[20]史敏晶.巴西橡胶树树皮厚壁组织结构和发育研究[J],热带作物学报,2016,37(2):311-316.