基于生命共同体的流域生态补偿机制改革——以闽江流域为例
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摘要
生命共同体理念在流域空间上表现为自然命运共同体、社会群体利益共同体和生态保护行动共同体的有机统一。新时代深化我国流域生态补偿机制改革,要遵循生命共同体理念,推动实现补偿主体多元化、补偿方式系统化、补偿空间全域化和补偿依据法治化。近年来,福建积极践行这一先进理念,在闽江流域建立生态保护成本多元共担的筹资机制、生态要素综合性评价的资金分配机制和生态系统性保护的项目推进机制,有效促进了流域人与自然和谐共生,取得显著的制度绩效,具有先行示范意义。
Watershed life community is an organic unity including natural fate community as well as social group interest community and ecological protection action community.In order to deepen the reform of ecological compensation mechanism of the basin following the concept of life community, it is necessary to promote the diversification of compensation subjects, the systematization of compensation methods, the globalization of compensation space and the legalization of compensation basis. The financing mechanism of multi-shared cost of ecological protection as well as the fund distribution mechanism based on the comprehensive evaluation of ecological factors and the promotion mechanism of ecological protection project has been established recently in the Minjiang basin of Fujian, which has made significant benefits and promote the harmony between people and nature efficiently.
Watershed life community is an organic unity including natural fate community as well as social group interest community and ecological protection action community.In order to deepen the reform of ecological compensation mechanism of the basin following the concept of life community, it is necessary to promote the diversification of compensation subjects, the systematization of compensation methods, the globalization of compensation space and the legalization of compensation basis. The financing mechanism of multi-shared cost of ecological protection as well as the fund distribution mechanism based on the comprehensive evaluation of ecological factors and the promotion mechanism of ecological protection project has been established recently in the Minjiang basin of Fujian, which has made significant benefits and promote the harmony between people and nature efficiently.
引文
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[2]马克思.1844年经济学哲学手稿[C].北京:人民出版社,2018.52.
[3]马克思恩格斯全集(第1卷)[C].北京:人民出版社,2002.395.
[4]Murray Bookchin.Remaking Society.Montreal,Quebec:Black Rose Books,1989.p39.
[5]Murray Bookchin.What is Social Ecology in Michael E Zimmerman(eds).Environmental Hilosophy.Prentic-Hall,1993.p354.
[6]徐大伟,荣金芳,李斌.流域生态补偿逐级协商机制分析[J].经济学家,2013(9).
[7]中共中央文献研究室.习近平关于社会主义生态文明建设论述摘编[C].北京:中央文献出版社,2017.54.
[8]胡熠.我国流域区际生态利益协调机制创新的目标模式[J].中国行政管理,2013(6).
[9]曲富国,孙宇飞:基于政府间博弈的流域生态补偿机制研究[J].中国人口、资源与环境,2014(11).
[10]杨爱平,杨和焰.国家治理视野下省际流域生态补偿新思路[J].北京行政学院学报,2015(3).
[11]王晓霞,吴健.中国自然保护区财政资金投入水平分析[J].环境保护,2017(11).
[12]姚志勇等.环境经济学[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2002.70.
[13]林秀珠,李小斌等.基于机会成本和生态系统服务价值的闽江流域生态补偿标准研究[J].水土保持研究,2017(2)