我国观赏植物新品种保护现状
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- 英文论文题名：A View on the New Varieties Protection of Ornamental Plants in China
- 论文作者：褚云霞 ; 陈海荣 ; 邓姗 ; 李寿国 ; 黄志城
- 英文论文作者：CHU Yun-xia ; CHEN Hai-rong ; DENG Shan ; LI Shou-guo ; HUANG Zhi-cheng ; Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology ; Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences ; Plant New Variety DUS Test(Shanghai) Center ; Ministry of Agriculture
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：上海市农业科学院农产品质量安全与检测技术研究所;农业部植物新品种测试(上海)分中心;
- 论文关键词：观赏植物 ; 新品种保护 ; 保护体系 ; DUS测试
- 英文论文关键词：Ornamental plant ; Protection of new varieties ; Protection system ; DUS testing
- 会议召开时间：2016-07-19
- 会议录名称：中国观赏园艺研究进展2016
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S68
- 学会代码：EGYP
- 会议名称：2016年中国观赏园艺学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国湖南长沙
- 主办单位：中国园艺学会观赏园艺专业委员会、国家花卉工程技术研究中心
- 学会名称：中国园艺学会
- 页数：7
- 文件大小：1237k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
我国植物新品种保护始于1999年,已初步形成了由农业部和国家林业局主导的我国植物新品种保护机构体系框架。农、林系统共公布了336种属的保护名录,其中农业部保护名录中有33种为观赏植物,国家林业局的保护名录中的种属大多数可供观赏。农业系统中观赏植物申请量较少,仅占申请总量的约7%,远少于大田作物(占总申请量的83%)。但国外申请较多,约占申请总量的38%,远高于大田作物的比例。我国观赏植物DUS测试研究相对滞后,目前已经完成约130多个DUS测试指南的编制(农业部分完成了47个,列入农业保护名录的观赏植物均已完成了测试指南编制),部分指南作为行业标准发布。本文在论述我国观赏植物新品种保护和DUS测试指南研究的现状的基础上,对测试指南编制过程中标准品种的收集与保存、性状的筛选等方面存在的问题提出了建议,展望了分子标记、自动化辅助测试技术等新技术和方法在植物DUS测试中的应用。
In 1999 the protection of new varieties of plants was initiated formally in China.Ministry of Agriculture and the State Forestry Bureau are jointly responsible for the receipt and examination of applications,and for granting rights in new varieties of plants.The national catalogue of protected plant varieties has 336 genera and species,includes 33 ornamental plants in agricultural protection catalogue.Most of species in the forestal protection list can be planted as ornamental.To Ministry of Agriculture,ornamental species account for only a little number of applications(approximately 7%),behind of crop species(83%),38%of which were applied from foreign company or individual,it is higher than that of field crops.DUS testing research of ornamental plant fell behind.At present about 130 of DUS testing guidelines were compiled,47 guidelines are released by Ministry of Agriculture,all ornamental plants listed in agricultural protection catalogue have their DUS test guideline,some ones were published as the industrial standard.The ornamental plant new varieties protection and the status of drafting DUS testing guidelines in China were summarized in this paper,some suggestion about the coEection and preservation of standard varieties,the selection of testing characteristics are proposed.The use prospect of new the technology and method,such as molecular marker technology and automatic testing technology was raised also.
In 1999 the protection of new varieties of plants was initiated formally in China.Ministry of Agriculture and the State Forestry Bureau are jointly responsible for the receipt and examination of applications,and for granting rights in new varieties of plants.The national catalogue of protected plant varieties has 336 genera and species,includes 33 ornamental plants in agricultural protection catalogue.Most of species in the forestal protection list can be planted as ornamental.To Ministry of Agriculture,ornamental species account for only a little number of applications(approximately 7%),behind of crop species(83%),38%of which were applied from foreign company or individual,it is higher than that of field crops.DUS testing research of ornamental plant fell behind.At present about 130 of DUS testing guidelines were compiled,47 guidelines are released by Ministry of Agriculture,all ornamental plants listed in agricultural protection catalogue have their DUS test guideline,some ones were published as the industrial standard.The ornamental plant new varieties protection and the status of drafting DUS testing guidelines in China were summarized in this paper,some suggestion about the coEection and preservation of standard varieties,the selection of testing characteristics are proposed.The use prospect of new the technology and method,such as molecular marker technology and automatic testing technology was raised also.
引文
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9.UPOV.Act of 1991 International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants.1991-3-19.http://www.upov.int/upovlex/en/conventions/1991/content.html
10.臧德奎,马燕,杜淑辉,等.2011.木瓜属植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(DUS)测试指南的研制[J].林业科学,47(6):64-69.
11.张坦,刘佳.2010.对我国植物新品种有关知识产权保护的探讨[J].重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版),(17):53-54.60.
12.赵春明,韩仲志,杨锦忠,等.2009.玉米果穗DUS性状测试的图像处理应用研究[J].中国农业科学,(11):4100-4105.
13.朱晋宇,李瑞云.2014.加入UPOV公约91文本对我国蔬菜种业的影响[J].中国蔬菜,(9):1-4.
2.何勇.1999.中国“世界园林之母”称号的来历[J].园林,(01):41-42.
3.李瑞.2008.我国植物新品种保护制度与专利法律制度之比较[J].昆明理工大学学报(社科法学版),8(1):50-55.
4.廖秀健,张晓妮.2010.中日植物新品种保护制度比较研究[J].科技与法律,84(2):37-39,44.
5.刘旭霞,宋芳.2012.我国需要依赖性派生品种制度吗?[J].知识产权,(6):52-57,74.
6.龙韬.2011.我国观赏植物资源研究现状及发展趋势[J].北京农业,(18):53-55.
7.马世青,郑学莉.1999.植物新品种保护基础知识[M].北京:蓝天出版社.
8.滕海涛,吕波,赵久然,等.2009.利用DNA指纹图谱辅助植物新品种保护的可能性[J].生物技术通报,(1):1-6.
9.UPOV.Act of 1991 International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants.1991-3-19.http://www.upov.int/upovlex/en/conventions/1991/content.html
10.臧德奎,马燕,杜淑辉,等.2011.木瓜属植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(DUS)测试指南的研制[J].林业科学,47(6):64-69.
11.张坦,刘佳.2010.对我国植物新品种有关知识产权保护的探讨[J].重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版),(17):53-54.60.
12.赵春明,韩仲志,杨锦忠,等.2009.玉米果穗DUS性状测试的图像处理应用研究[J].中国农业科学,(11):4100-4105.
13.朱晋宇,李瑞云.2014.加入UPOV公约91文本对我国蔬菜种业的影响[J].中国蔬菜,(9):1-4.