基于信号检测论和心理物理学的方法测量面部表情觉知阈限
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- 英文论文题名：Measuring the facial expression awareness threshold using signal detection theory and psychophysiological methods
- 论文作者：李甜甜 ; 吕勇
- 英文论文作者：Yong Lv ; Tian-Tian Li ; Academy of Psychology and Behavior ; Tianjin Normal University ; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：天津师范大学心理与行为研究院;国家心理健康评估与促进协同创新中心;
- 论文关键词：面部表情 ; 表情觉知 ; 阈限 ; 测量
- 英文论文关键词：facial expression ; expression awareness ; threshold ; measurement
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.2
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：770k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
本研究分为两个实验,分别从信号检测论和心理物理学的角度测量了面部表情的觉知阈限。实验一用用信号检测论的原理测量了面部表情的觉知阈限,结果发现,愤怒表情的阈限在33ms到50ms之间,其他表情的阈限都在17ms到33ms之间;被试对高兴和恐惧表情的辨别能力最高,对愤怒表情的辨别能力最低;随着呈现时间的增加,被试对面部表情的辨别力不断增加;女性对面部表情的辨别力较男性更强。因此,人们对不同表情的敏感性不同,对愤怒表情的敏感性最低,对恐惧和高兴表情的敏感性最高;女性对表情的敏感性高于男性。但因信号检测论的局限性,不能更细化地测量出面部表情的觉知阈限,实验二又从心理物理学的角度测量了6种表情的觉知阈限。实验结果发现,高兴、恐惧、厌恶、悲伤、惊讶和愤怒表情的觉知阈限分别是33.0ms、34.7ms、35.5ms、37.1ms、38.3ms、39.4ms;在面部表情强度无差异的情况下,高兴和恐惧的表情觉知需要的时间最短,愤怒表情的觉知需要的时间最长;面部表情的觉知阈限存在性别差异,女性的阈限显著低于男性。因此,觉知不同面部表情的难易程度不同,觉知高兴和恐惧表情最容易,觉知愤怒的表情最难;女性对面部表情觉知的能力强于男性。
This study used signal detection theory and psychophysics methods to measure the awareness thresholds of six separate facial expressions: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. Using signal detection theory, Study 1 showed that the threshold of detecting anger ranged between 33 ms and 50 ms, whereas the thresholds of detecting other expressions ranged between 17 ms and 33 ms. Therefore, the detection threshold of anger was the highest. Participants showed the best discrimination ability regarding happiness and fear but showed the worst discrimination ability regarding anger. Participants' facial expression detection ability continued to increase as presentation time increased. The facial expression detection ability of females was stronger than that of males. Using psychophysics methods, Study 2 showed that the awareness thresholds of happiness, fear, disgust, sadness, surprise, and anger were 33.0 ms, 34.7 ms, 35.5 ms, 37.1 ms, 38.3 ms, and 39.4 ms, respectively. A comparison of the awareness thresholds of the six facial expressions showed that those for happiness and fear were the lowest, whereas that for anger was the highest. In addition, the results showed that facial expression awareness thresholds differ by gender; females showed significantly lower thresholds than males.
This study used signal detection theory and psychophysics methods to measure the awareness thresholds of six separate facial expressions: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. Using signal detection theory, Study 1 showed that the threshold of detecting anger ranged between 33 ms and 50 ms, whereas the thresholds of detecting other expressions ranged between 17 ms and 33 ms. Therefore, the detection threshold of anger was the highest. Participants showed the best discrimination ability regarding happiness and fear but showed the worst discrimination ability regarding anger. Participants' facial expression detection ability continued to increase as presentation time increased. The facial expression detection ability of females was stronger than that of males. Using psychophysics methods, Study 2 showed that the awareness thresholds of happiness, fear, disgust, sadness, surprise, and anger were 33.0 ms, 34.7 ms, 35.5 ms, 37.1 ms, 38.3 ms, and 39.4 ms, respectively. A comparison of the awareness thresholds of the six facial expressions showed that those for happiness and fear were the lowest, whereas that for anger was the highest. In addition, the results showed that facial expression awareness thresholds differ by gender; females showed significantly lower thresholds than males.
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