摘要
随着核设施退役工业的成熟和经验的积累,退役资金可以被可靠地估算出来,并在开展退役活动的过程中充分地进行控制管理,透明的费用估算有许多重要作用。各个国家和机构对核设施退役费用估算的研究一直在进行。OECD、EC和IAEA三个组织联合出版了"黄皮书",统一了退役过程中的成本项,并在10年共同研究的基础上于2012年进行了更新。本文归纳整理了国际上对退役费用的研究成果,介绍了两种具有代表性的费用估算方法,对各国退役费用估算方法进行了总结,并特别列出了国际上各种堆型核电厂退役费用数据,最后指出我国应该开展标准化核设施退役中各项活动的定额工作。
With the development of nuclear facility decommissioning industry,decommissioning cost can be reliably estimated.Transparent costing has many important roles.This paper summarizes the results of many international studies on decommissioning cost,and describes two methods to estimate it.In this paper,estimation methods of decommissioning costs used in each country are also summarized,and in particular lists the decommissioning cost data of various types of nuclear power plant.Finally,it points out that China should develop standardization quota in nuclear facility decommissioning activities.
引文
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