摘要
野牛草[Buchloe dactyloides(Nutt.)Engelm.]原产北美大草原,分布极为广泛,表型变异丰富。为揭示野牛草天然居群表型变异规律,对野牛草在北美大草原的61个天然种群669份种质材料当年生植株的叶长、叶宽、节间长、节间直径等表型性状进行了调查与测量,并通过单因素方差分析、聚类分析和相关性分析等方法分析了各个种群的表型变异及其与地理气候因子的相关性。结果表明,野牛草各表型性状在种群内和种群间均存在显著的变异,野牛草各表型性状均与等效纬度呈显著负相关,与年平均温和最热月最高温呈显著正相关;叶长和节间长与经度呈显著正相关,与海拔呈显著负相关;叶长、节间长和节间直径与年降雨量和最暖季降雨量呈显著正相关;叶长与最湿季平均气温呈显著正相关,叶宽、匍匐茎长和直径与最湿季平均温度没有相关性。
Buffalograss[Buchloe dactyloides(Nutt) Engelm.]is native to the North American Great Plains.It is distributed widely and has rich phenotypic traits variation of natural populations.In order to reveal variation law of phenotypic traits of buffalograss,we investigated 4 phenotypic traits of 61 populations of buffalograss and used one-way ANOVA,cluster analysis and correlation analysis to analyze results.The results showed that,inter-population and within-pupulation variation was significant in all morphological characters.The correlation analysis result shows that all phenotypic traits of buffalograss has a significandy negative correlation with the equivalent attitude and has a significantly positive correlation with the annual mean temperature and max temperature of the warmest month;the leaf length and the intemode length has a significantly positive correlation with the longitude and has a significantly negative correlation with altitude;the leaf length,the intemode length and intemode diameter has a significantly positive correlation with the annual precipitation and the precipitation of warmest quarter;the leaf length has a significantly positive correlation with the mean temperature of wettest quarter,the leaf width,the intemode length and diameter has no correlation with the mean temperature of wettest quarter.
引文
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