目标价值对中国趋近儿童坚持性的影响
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- 英文论文题名：The Influence of Goal Value on Persistence in Exuberant Chinese Children
- 论文作者：翟舒怡 ; 张青 ; 刘玉霞 ; 楼历月 ; 何洁
- 英文论文作者：Shuyi Zhai ; Qing Zhang ; Yuxia Liu ; Liyue Lou ; Jie He ; Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences ; Zhejiang University ; Xia Sha Middle School in Hangzhou
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：浙江大学心理与行为科学系;杭州下沙中学;
- 论文关键词：气质 ; 趋近 ; 坚持性 ; 目标价值 ; 行为调节
- 英文论文关键词：temperament ; exuberance ; persistence ; goal value ; behavioral regulation
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B844.1
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：789k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
关于儿童气质和动机的研究中,趋近(exuberance)是一种趋近动机系统中重要气质特征,这类儿童表现出较多的趋近反应,较高的积极情绪以及较好的社交能力,同时趋近儿童难以调节他们的趋近倾向,在延迟满足上有很大困难。趋近气质和行为调节(例如:问题行为、任务坚持性)之间的关系,成为了一个重要的研究主题。本研究通过对109个学前儿童的进行实验,探究目标价值的激励是否调节了趋近气质和坚持性之间的关系。儿童的趋近气质通过对新异刺激的趋近行为或积极反应的行为观察和母亲对外向性气质的报告两种方式进行评估;他们的坚持性通过两个目标价值任务来测量(搭积木任务和开箱任务)。每个儿童均参加两个任务,在两个任务中被随机分在高或低目标价值激励的条件组。搭积木任务中,要求儿童独立完成高难度搭积木,目标的激励价值通过完成搭积木任务获取奖励(高目标价值)和完成搭积木任务无奖励(低目标价值)进行操纵。而在开箱任务中,给予儿童一把错误的钥匙让其开锁,条件设置为所开透明箱子里装有吸引人的玩具(高目标价值)和无玩具(低目标价值)。结果显示,在高目标价值激励条件下,儿童趋近气质与其在两个任务中所表现的坚持性均有正相关,表明了目标价值激励在我国趋近儿童行为调节发展中的重要影响。
With regard to the study of temperament and motivation in young children, exuberance, an important temperamental characteristic of the approach motivational system, has been relatively understudied in comparison with behavioral inhibition. However, exuberant children who cannot regulate their approach tendency have greater difficulty delaying gratification. due to the relation between exuberance and behavioral regulation(e.g., problem behavior, task persistence), it is an important topic of study. Accordingly, this study examined whether goal value moderated the relationship between exuberance and persistence in 109 Chinese preschoolers. Children ' s temperamental exuberance was assessed by behavioral observation and parental report. Their persistence was measured in two goal‐blocked contexts(tower‐building [TB] and locked box [LB]). In each task, children were randomly assigned to either a high‐ or low‐incentive condition designed to vary the incentive value of a given goal. The incentive values of goals were manipulated by building block towers in order to win rewards(high) versus building towers without rewards and simultaneously inhibiting distractors(low) during TB. Incentives were included in LB by placing an attractive toy(high) versus nothing(low) inside the transparent box. Results suggested that exuberance was positively associated with persistence in the high‐incentive condition of TB and in both conditions of LB. The results highlight the incentive value of goals as an important factor for behavioral regulation development in exuberant Chinese children.
With regard to the study of temperament and motivation in young children, exuberance, an important temperamental characteristic of the approach motivational system, has been relatively understudied in comparison with behavioral inhibition. However, exuberant children who cannot regulate their approach tendency have greater difficulty delaying gratification. due to the relation between exuberance and behavioral regulation(e.g., problem behavior, task persistence), it is an important topic of study. Accordingly, this study examined whether goal value moderated the relationship between exuberance and persistence in 109 Chinese preschoolers. Children ' s temperamental exuberance was assessed by behavioral observation and parental report. Their persistence was measured in two goal‐blocked contexts(tower‐building [TB] and locked box [LB]). In each task, children were randomly assigned to either a high‐ or low‐incentive condition designed to vary the incentive value of a given goal. The incentive values of goals were manipulated by building block towers in order to win rewards(high) versus building towers without rewards and simultaneously inhibiting distractors(low) during TB. Incentives were included in LB by placing an attractive toy(high) versus nothing(low) inside the transparent box. Results suggested that exuberance was positively associated with persistence in the high‐incentive condition of TB and in both conditions of LB. The results highlight the incentive value of goals as an important factor for behavioral regulation development in exuberant Chinese children.
引文