三峡库区城镇化对水源涵养功能的影响
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- 论文作者：彭旭东 ; 史东梅 ; 郭宏忠 ; 江东 ; 谌芸 ; 汪三树 ; 李叶鑫
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：西南大学资源环境学院西南大学水土保持生态环境研究所;重庆市水土保持生态环境监测总站;
- 论文关键词：水源涵养功能 ; 影响 ; 城镇化 ; 综合评价 ; 三峡库区
- 会议召开时间：2015-09-01
- 会议录名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会论文集（下）
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of Cross-strait Symposium on Soil and Water Conservation 2015
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TV697;S151.9
- 学会代码：OGSJ
- 会议名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国山西太原
- 主办单位：中国水土保持学会、台湾中华水土保持学会
- 学会名称：中国水土保持学会
- 页数：9
- 文件大小：3178k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
房地产建设工程造成项目区原地貌水源涵养功能的降低,是形成人为水土流失及城市内涝的主要原因。本文采用野外调查、室内理化分析及坐标综合评价法,系统地分析房地产建设工程造成的各种扰动地貌单元及原地貌单元水源涵养功能,并对项目区原地貌水源涵养功能危害进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)各种扰动地貌单元土壤容重均大于原地貌单元,土壤总孔隙度小于原地貌单元;各种扰动地貌单元土壤容重大小依次为施工便道(1.74 g/cm~3)>1a边坡绿化带(1.54 g/cm~3)>1a弃渣堆积体(1.48 g/cm~3)>2a弃渣堆积体(1.34 g/cm~3)>3a弃渣堆积体(1.26 g/cm~3),而总孔隙度呈相反变化趋势。(2)各种扰动地貌单元的土壤水库总库容、有效库容小于原地貌单元,死库容大于原地貌单元;各种扰动地貌单元有效库容表现为3a弃渣堆积体>2a弃渣堆积体>1a弃渣堆积体>边坡绿化带>施工便道,其数值比原地貌中有效库容最小的坡耕地(327.21t·hm~(-2))依次减小了12.3%,16.8%,22.7%,28.2%,33.3%。(3)各种扰动地貌单元土壤初始入渗率、稳定入渗率小于原地貌单元;各种扰动地貌单元土壤稳定入渗率表现为3a弃渣堆积体(2.89 mm/min)>边坡绿化带(2.65 mm/min)>2a弃渣堆积体(1.89 mm/min)>1a弃渣堆积体(1.64 mm/min)>施工便道(0.45 mm/min),而初始入渗率表现为1a弃渣堆积体>3a弃渣堆积体>边坡绿化带>2a弃渣堆积体>施工便道。(4)项目区不同地貌单元水源涵养综合能力大小依次为天然林地>经果林地>荒草地>坡耕地>3a弃渣堆积体>边坡绿化带>2a弃渣堆积体>施工便道>1a弃渣堆积体;1a弃渣堆积体对项目区原地貌水源涵养功能危害最大。研究结果可为城镇化建设植被重建、城市园林景观营造、项目区水土保持生态服务功能恢复提供科学依据。
引文
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[24]巍强,张秋良,代海燕,等.大青山不同林地类型土壤特性及其水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(2):111-115.
[25]Iqbal A,Beaugrand J,Gamier P,Recous S(2013)Tissue density determines the water storage characteristics of crop residues.Plant and soil367:285-299
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[27]Atucha A,Merwin IA,Brown MG,Gardiazabal F,Mena F,Adriazola C,Lehmann J(2013)Soil erosion,runoff and nutrient losses in an avocado(Perseaamerkana Mill)hillside orchard under different groundcover management systems.Plant and soil 368:393-406
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[29]Neris J,Tejedor M,Rodriguez M,Fuentes J,Jimenez C(2013)Effect of forest floor characteristics on water repellency,infiltration,runoff and soil loss in Andisols of Tenerife(Canary Islands,Spain).Catena 108:50-57
[30]CERDA(2001)Effects of rock fragment cover on soil infiltration,interrill runoff and erosion.European Journal of Soil Science 52;59-68
[31]Pan CX,Li YY,Peng Y,Gao R,Wu JS(2012)Soil water holding capacity under four typical ecosystems in Wuyunjie Nature Reserve of Hunan Province.Acta Ecologica Sinica 32(2):0538-0547.
[2]李文银,王治国,蔡继清.工矿区水土保持[M]北京:科学出版社,1996.
[3]史东梅.高速公路建设中侵蚀环境及水土流失特征的研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(2):5-9.
[4]王紫雯,程伟平.城市水涝灾害的生态机理分析和思考[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2002,36(5):582-587.
[5]Sharma A,Tiwari KN,Bhadoria PBS(2011)Effect of land use land cover change on soil erosion potential in an agricultural watershed.Environ Monit Assess 173:789-801
[6]Du J,Shi CX,Zhou YY(2010)Sediment yield pattern and its controlling factors in die upper Yangtze River.Journal of mountain science 28(6):660-667
[7]权全,罗纨,沈冰,等.城市化土地利用对降雨径流的影响与调控[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(1):46-50.
[8]甘枝茂,孙虎,甘锐.黄土高原地区城郊型侵蚀环境及其特征[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1999,5(2):39-43,50.
[9]孙虎,甘枝茂.城市化建设人为弃土引发的侵蚀产沙过程研究[J].陕西师范大学学报:自然科学版,1998,26(3):95-98.
[10]Kefi M,Yoshino K,Setiawan Y,Zayani K,Boufaroua M(2011)Assessment of the effects of vegetation on soil erosion risk by water;a case of study of the Batta watershed in Tunisia.Environ Earth Sci 64:707-719
[11]丁访军,王兵,钟洪明,等.赤水河下游不同林地类型土壤物理特性及其水源涵养功能[J],水土保持学报,2009,23(3):179-183.231.
[12]刘洁,李贤伟,纪中华,等.元谋干热河谷三种植被恢复模式土壤贮水及入渗特性[J].生态学报,2011,31(8):2331-2340.
[13]Wang Q,Zhang ZY,Xu XL(2003)Soil Properties and Water Conservation Function of Different Forest Types in Dabieshan District,Anhui.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 17(3);59-62
[14]中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤物理分析[M].北京:科学出版社,1978.
[15]Bodhinayake W,Si BC,Noborio K(2004)Determination of hydraulic properties in sloping landscapes from tension and double-ring infiltrometers.vadose zone journal 3(3):964-970
[16]孟秦倩,王健,吴发启.延安丘陵沟壑区坡面果园土壤水库特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2008,27(1):93-95.
[17]黄荣珍,杨玉盛,谢锦升,等.福建闽江上游不同林地类型土壤水库“库容”的特性[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,3(2):92-96.
[18]莫菲,李叙勇,贺淑霞.东灵山林区不同森林植被水源涵养功能评价[J].生态学报,2011,31(17):5009-5016.
[19]McCulloch J S G,Robinson M.History of forest hydrology[J].Journal of Hydrology,1993,150;189-216.
[20]Jin M,Zhang R,Sun L,Gao Y(1999)Temporal and spatial soilwater management:A case study in the Heilonggang region,PR China.Agricultural Water Management 42:173-187.
[21]Erktan A,Cecillon L,Roose E,Frascaria-Lacoste N,Rey F(2013)Morphological diversity of plant barriers does not increase sediment retention in eroded marly gullies under ecological restoration.Plant and Soil 370:653-669
[22]Calvo-Cases A,Boix-Fayos C,Imeson AC(2003)Runoff generation,sediment movement and soil water behavior on calcareous(limestone)slopes of some mediterranean environments in southeast Spain.Geomorphology 50:269-291
[23]吴钦孝,韩冰,李秧秧.黄土丘陵区小流域土壤水分入渗特征研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2004,2(6):1-5.
[24]巍强,张秋良,代海燕,等.大青山不同林地类型土壤特性及其水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(2):111-115.
[25]Iqbal A,Beaugrand J,Gamier P,Recous S(2013)Tissue density determines the water storage characteristics of crop residues.Plant and soil367:285-299
[26]Fattet M,Fu Y,Ghestem M,Ma W,Foulonneau M,Nespoulous J,Le Bissonnais Y,Stokes A(2011)Effects of vegetation type on soil resistance to erosion;Relationship between aggregate stability and shear strength.Catena 87:60-69
[27]Atucha A,Merwin IA,Brown MG,Gardiazabal F,Mena F,Adriazola C,Lehmann J(2013)Soil erosion,runoff and nutrient losses in an avocado(Perseaamerkana Mill)hillside orchard under different groundcover management systems.Plant and soil 368:393-406
[28]赵纯勇,杨华,孔德树.南方山地丘陵城市水土流失及对策研究[J].中国水土保持,2002,6:28-29.
[29]Neris J,Tejedor M,Rodriguez M,Fuentes J,Jimenez C(2013)Effect of forest floor characteristics on water repellency,infiltration,runoff and soil loss in Andisols of Tenerife(Canary Islands,Spain).Catena 108:50-57
[30]CERDA(2001)Effects of rock fragment cover on soil infiltration,interrill runoff and erosion.European Journal of Soil Science 52;59-68
[31]Pan CX,Li YY,Peng Y,Gao R,Wu JS(2012)Soil water holding capacity under four typical ecosystems in Wuyunjie Nature Reserve of Hunan Province.Acta Ecologica Sinica 32(2):0538-0547.