新疆杨、柳树新枝枯病的病原学研究
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- 论文作者：马荣 ; 刘应敏 ; 田呈明
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院;北京林业大学森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室;新疆农业大学林业研究所;
- 论文关键词：Cryptosphaeria pullmanensis ; 枝枯病 ; 杨树 ; 柳树
- 会议召开时间：2016-08-19
- 会议录名称：中国菌物学会2016年学术年会论文摘要集
- 英文会议录名称：Abstracts of 2016 Mycological Society of China Annual Meeting
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S763.7
- 学会代码：ZGVL
- 会议名称：中国菌物学会2016年学术年会
- 会议地点：中国福建福州
- 主办单位：中国菌物学会
- 学会名称：中国菌物学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：782k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
通过近五年对新疆林木枝枯病的调查研究,从新疆的伊犁地区、昌吉地区、哈密地区、吐鲁番地区、巴音郭楞蒙古自治州、阿克苏地区和喀什地区的32个县市的28种寄主植物上共采集得到枝枯病病害标本1320份,依据形态学特征结合分子生物学的方法系统的完成了新疆核桃、苹果、桦树、柳树和胡杨、沙枣上壳囊孢属及其近缘属真菌的种类和分类地位的研究。研究发现一种新的枝枯病病原菌Cryptosphaeria pullmanensis。由C.pullmanensis引起的树木枝枯病最早于1984年在美国的华盛顿州出现,对当地的树木造成了严重损失。本研究通过柯赫氏法则明确C.pullmanensis能够侵染新疆的杨树和柳树的枝条和主干,发病症状与由Cytospora sp.引起的腐烂病较为相似,主要区别在于前者形成的病斑较后者大。C.pullmanensis在杨柳树上形成的子座埋生在寄主树枝表皮下,有黑色界限圈,后期突出表皮,圆锥形。外子座顶盘黑色,圆形,直径2.09×2.27 mm。分生孢子无色、透明、尿囊型,无隔膜,大小为7.42×1.72μm。C.pullmanensis在PDA培养基上形成的菌落紧密,初期为白色,后期菌落背面中央为黄色,边缘为灰色,培养10-14天后菌落表面会形成子实体。该病原菌较适宜的培养条件为:p H 5–7范围内,28-31℃黑暗条件。通过形态学特征和多基因片段的联合分析,最终明确引起新疆杨柳树上的新的枝枯病病原菌为C.pullmanensis。
引文
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Hyde,K.D.(1993).Cryptosphaeria mangrovei sp.nov.(Diatrypaceae)from intertidal mangrove wood.Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan,34,311-314.
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Vasilyeva,L.N.,&Ma,H.(2014).Diatrypaceous fungi in north-eastern China.1.Cryptosphaeria and Diatrype.Phytotaxa,186(5),261-270.
Carmarán,C.C.,Romero,A.I.,&Giussani,L.M.(2006).An approach towards a new phylogenetic classification in Diatrypaceae.Fungal Diversity,23,67-87.
Fan,X.,Liang,Y.,Ma,R.,&Tian,C.(2014).Morphological and phylogenetic studies of Cytospora(Valsaceae,Diaporthales)isolates from Chinese scholar tree,with description of a new species.Mycoscience,55,252-259.
Glawe,D.A.(1984).Cryptosphaeria pullmanensis,a new species from Washington state.Mycologia,76,166-169.
Glawe,D.A.,and J.D.Rogers.(1986).Conidial states of some species of Diatrypaceae and Xylariaceae.Canadian Journal of Botany,64,1493-1498.
Hinds,T.E.(1981).Cryptosphaeria canker and Libertella decay of aspen.Phytopathology,71,1137-1145.
Hyde,K.D.(1993).Cryptosphaeria mangrovei sp.nov.(Diatrypaceae)from intertidal mangrove wood.Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan,34,311-314.
Juzwik,J.,&French,D.W.(1990).Cryptosphaeria canker on Populus tremuloides in Minnesota.Canadian Journal of Botany,68,2044-2045.
Kirk,P.M.,Cannon,P.F.,Minter,D.W.,&Stalpers,J.A.(2008).Dictionary of the fungi,10th ed.Wallingford,UK:CAB International.
Vasilyeva,L.N.,&Ma,H.(2014).Diatrypaceous fungi in north-eastern China.1.Cryptosphaeria and Diatrype.Phytotaxa,186(5),261-270.