沸石-鸟粪石复合材料对土壤中铅的稳定化作用
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摘要
从模拟污水中回收制备了一种沸石-鸟粪石复合材料(Zeo-str材料)并用于土壤中铅的稳定。通过SEM/EDS和XRD表征、重金属有效态提取,改进的BCR连续提取法和酶活性分析等手段,探讨了该材料对土壤中铅的稳定化效果。结果表明,Zeo-str材料的主要组成为鸟粪石负载的铵饱和沸石,且相比于沸石具有更好的铅稳定化能力;当施加10%的Zeo-str材料,稳定28 d后,土壤中铅的可交换态含量降低了83%,可还原态和残渣态含量分别上升了8.7倍和2.5倍,并使得被铅抑制的蔗糖酶活性上升,被铅激活的过氧化氢酶活性下降。由此可见,Zeo-str材料可以稳定土壤中的铅,进而实现废物的资源化利用。
引文
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[2]Jin H P,Bolan N,Megharaj M,et aL Comparative value of phosphate sources on the immobilization of lead,and leaching of lead and phosphorus in lead contaminated soils[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(4):853-860.
[3]Rahman M M,Liu Y H,Kwag J H,et al.Recovery of struvite from animal wastewater and its nutrient leaching loss in soil[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,186(2-3):2026-2030.
[4]Wang H,Wang X J,Wang W S,et al.Modeling and optimization of struvite recovery from wastewater and reusing for heavy metals immobilization in contaminated soil[J].Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2016:243-246.
[5]Huang H,Xiao D,Rui P,et aL Simultaneous removal of nutrients from simulated swine wastewater by adsorption of modified zeolite combined with struvite crystallization[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,256(6):431-438.
[6]Oste L A,Lexmond T M,Van Riemsdijk W H.Metal immobilization in soils using synthetic zeolites[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2002,31(3):813-821.
[7]胡克伟,娄翼来,关连珠.铵饱和沸石对几种重金属离子的吸附解吸特性影响研究[J].土壤通报,2007,38(2):325-328.HU Ke-wei,LOU Yi-lai,CUAN Lian-zhu.Adsorption and desorption of heavy metal ions by ammonium saturated zeolite[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2007,38(2):325-328.
[8]莫慧明,王光火,朱祖祥.天然沸石作为离子交换肥料的研究——Ⅱ斜发沸石对磷矿石的溶解及对土壤有效磷的影响[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,1990,16(3):230-233.MO Hui-ming,WANG Cuang-huo,ZHU Zu-xiang.Studies on using natural zeolites as ion exchanging fertilizers——ⅡThe effects of clinoptilolite on the dissolution of phosphate rocks and on the content of soil available phosphorus[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agric.&Life Sci.),1990,16(3):230-233.
[9]周航,周歆,曾敏,等.2种组配改良剂对稻田土壤重金属有效性的效果[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(2):437-444.ZHOU Hang,ZHOU Xin,ZENC Min,et al.Effects of two combined amendments on heavy metal bioaccumulation in paddy soil[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(2):437-444.
[10]王芳丽,宋宁宁,王瑞刚,等.土壤-甘蔗作物系统中镉的生物有效性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(5):904-912.WANG Fang-li,SONG Ning-ning,WANG Rui-gang,et al.Cadmium Bioavailability in Soil-sugarcane System[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(5):904-912.
[11]Mossop K F,Davidson C M.Comparison of original and modified BCR sequential extraction procedures for the fractionation of copper,iron,lead,manganese and zinc in soils and sediments[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2003,478(1):111-118.
[12]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社.1986:274-276,323.GUAN S0ng-meng.Soil enzymes and research methods[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.1986:274-276,323.
[13]郝长红,颜丽,梁文婷,等.天然沸石负载氧化镁对氮磷吸附解吸特性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2010(5):45-49.HAO Chang-hong,YAN Li,LIANG Wen-ting,et al.Study on the adsorption and desorption characteristics of zeolite loaded MgO on ammonia and phosphorus[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2010(5):45-49.
[14]Cao X,Ma L Q,Rhue D R,et al.Mechanisms of lead,copper,and zinc retention by phosphate rock[J].Environmental Pollution,2004,131(3):435-444.
[15]Mignardi S,Corami A,Ferrini V,et al.Evaluation of the effectiveness of phosphate treatment for the remediation of mine waste soils contaminated with Cd,Cu,Pb,and Zn[J].Chemosphere,2012,86(4):354-360.
[16]Wright J V,Conca J L,Peurrung L M.Effects of pH on heavy metal sorption on mineral apatite[J].Environmental Science&Technology,1997,31(31):624-631.
[17]Sungur A,Soylak M,Ozcan H.Investigation of heavy metal mobility and availability by the BCR sequential extraction procedure:relationship between soil properties and heavy metals availability[J].Chemical Speciation&Bioavailability,2014,26(4):219-230.
[18]Chung H,Kim M J,Ko K,et al.Effects of graphene oxides on soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,514(1):307-313.
[19]许超,夏北成,冯涓.酸性矿山废水污染对稻田土壤酶活性影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008(5);1803-1808.XU Chao,XIA Bei-cheng,FENG Juan.Effect of Acid Mine Dr ainage on Soil Enzymatic Activities in a Contaminated Paddy Soils[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2008(5):1803-1808.
[20]徐明岗,吴曼,武海雯,等.土壤外源铅的稳定化特征及其对土壤性质的响应[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(9):1702-1709.XU Ming-gang,WU Man,WU Hai-wen,et al.External Lead Stabilization Characteristics in Soils and Responses to Soil Properties[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(9):1702-1709.