自信者预期情绪与风险偏好对承诺升级的影响研究
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- 英文论文题名：The Influence of Anticipated Emotion and Risk Preference on Escalation of Commitment in High Self-Efficacy Group
- 论文作者：潘维佳 ; 方平 ; 姜媛
- 英文论文作者：Weijia Pan ; Ping Fang ; Yuan Jiang ; School of Education ; Capital Normal University ; College of Human Sport Science ; Beijing Sport University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：首都师范大学教育学院;北京体育大学运动心理教研室;
- 论文关键词：自我效能感 ; 承诺升级 ; 预期情绪 ; 风险态度
- 英文论文关键词：Self-efficacy ; escalation of commitment ; anticipated emotion ; risk preference
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.6
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：776k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
本研究通过对北京市255名在校大学生进行实验操作和问卷调查,考察了预期情绪(期望)对承诺升级的作用,并且对不同自信程度者的情绪预测能力和风险态度的个体差异进行了探讨。结果表明,高自信个体承诺升级水平更高,并且持有较高的风险偏好,但是消极情绪与承诺升级和一般自我效能感之间并无显著关联;高一般自我效能感者保持了稳定的较高水平的积极情绪及预期,较低水平的消极情绪,以及较低的高估偏见。他们的情绪预测准确度较低自我效能感者更低,这可能是个体对失败反馈结果是否符合预期不敏感造成的,这反映在高比例的结果-预期符合程度错判率上。通过构建结构方程模型我们发现,风险态度和自我效能感都对承诺升级行为有显著的正向预测作用,并且情绪期望对承诺升级的预测作用优于预期情绪对行为的预测,其中情绪期望中介了自我效能感对承诺升级的正向影响。进一步进行相关分析发现,积极情绪期望对于高自我效能感者的承诺升级行为影响最为显著。以上结果基本符合主观愉悦预期理论,这有别于以往从认知失调角度对承诺升级行为进行的解释。
In our research, we randomly selected 255 college students from Beijing to examine the effect of anticipated emotion and emotional expectancy on the EOC behavior, as well as the individual difference in the prediction accuracy of emotion and risk preference between different levels of self-efficacy. In the experiment, participants were asked to take a general knowledge test the score of which determines their final reward. After each round, we provided them with an unreal failure feedback, saying that they cannot receive money in the current situation. The participants decided whether to continue the test to earn more money or quite the experiment.The results reveal that individuals with higher level of self-efficacy performed higher level of EOC and risk preference; nevertheless, the negative emotion has no significant relationship with these two variables. In the whole period of experiment, high self-efficacy group maintained higher level of positive emotion and expectation and lower level of negative emotion, expectation and overestimation. To explore the reason, we conducted a path analysis and found that the coefficients on each of the anticipated-current-anticipated paths among high self-efficacy group are not significant. It means that their ability to forecast future emotion after failure is not accurate as the low self-efficacy group. This may due to their inability to distinguish the expected results and unexpected results which is reflected on the larger proportion of misjudgment of congruence between expected and real result.Via constructing SEM model, we found that risk preference and self-efficacy both can positively predict the EOC; and the emotional expectancy contributes more to the model fit than the anticipated emotion and it mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and EOC. Further analysis reveals that, positive emotional expectancy has more significant effect on the high-efficacy group to predict their EOC behavior.
In our research, we randomly selected 255 college students from Beijing to examine the effect of anticipated emotion and emotional expectancy on the EOC behavior, as well as the individual difference in the prediction accuracy of emotion and risk preference between different levels of self-efficacy. In the experiment, participants were asked to take a general knowledge test the score of which determines their final reward. After each round, we provided them with an unreal failure feedback, saying that they cannot receive money in the current situation. The participants decided whether to continue the test to earn more money or quite the experiment.The results reveal that individuals with higher level of self-efficacy performed higher level of EOC and risk preference; nevertheless, the negative emotion has no significant relationship with these two variables. In the whole period of experiment, high self-efficacy group maintained higher level of positive emotion and expectation and lower level of negative emotion, expectation and overestimation. To explore the reason, we conducted a path analysis and found that the coefficients on each of the anticipated-current-anticipated paths among high self-efficacy group are not significant. It means that their ability to forecast future emotion after failure is not accurate as the low self-efficacy group. This may due to their inability to distinguish the expected results and unexpected results which is reflected on the larger proportion of misjudgment of congruence between expected and real result.Via constructing SEM model, we found that risk preference and self-efficacy both can positively predict the EOC; and the emotional expectancy contributes more to the model fit than the anticipated emotion and it mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and EOC. Further analysis reveals that, positive emotional expectancy has more significant effect on the high-efficacy group to predict their EOC behavior.
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